Weather observations for the past three days for
Knoxville Downtown Airport
Imperial (Metric)
Date Time (edt) Wind (mph) Vis. (mi.) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºF) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°F) Heat Index (°F) Pressure Precipitation (in)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (in) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
25 19:35 Calm 9.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT060 SCT070 BKN085 66.2 66.2 100% 30.04 0.0
25 19:15 SW 3 9.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW003 FEW039 BKN060 66.2 64.4 94% 30.04 0.0
25 18:55 SW 6 G 24 1.25 Fog/Mist BKN005 BKN037 OVC060 68 64.4 88% 30.05 0.0 0.13
25 18:35 SW 6 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT060 SCT080 BKN110 75.2 66.2 74% 77 30.04 0.0
25 18:15 W 6 10.00 Partly Cloudy FEW060 SCT080 SCT110 75.2 66.2 74% 77 30.03 0.0
25 17:55 SW 9 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW085 77 66.2 69% 79 30.03 0.0
25 17:35 SW 10 G 20 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW085 77 64.4 65% 79 30.03 0.0
25 17:15 Vrbl 5 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW095 77 68 74% 79 30.03 0.0
25 16:55 Vrbl 5 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW090 FEW110 77 66.2 69% 79 30.03 0.0
25 16:35 SW 8 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW090 FEW110 75.2 68 78% 76 30.04 0.0
25 16:15 W 9 10.00 Fair CLR 77 69.8 79% 79 30.05 0.0
25 15:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 73.4 68 83% 30.06 0.0
25 15:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 73.4 68 83% 30.07 0.0
25 14:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 69.8 68 94% 30.1 0.0
25 14:35 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy FEW049 SCT095 66.2 66.2 100% 30.11 0.0
25 14:15 Calm 9.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW049 BKN090 64.4 64.4 100% 30.12 0.0
25 13:50 Calm 4.00 Fog/Mist FEW003 SCT041 BKN085 64.4 64.4 100% 30.12 0.0
25 13:30 W 5 G 15 1.50 Fog/Mist BKN003 BKN027 OVC042 64.4 64.4 100% 30.13 0.0
25 13:15 W 15 G 35 1.00 Fog/Mist SCT003 BKN024 OVC085 68 64.4 88% 30.14 0.0
25 12:55 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy FEW055 SCT085 73.4 66.2 78% 30.11 0.0
25 12:35 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW100 73.4 68 83% 30.12 0.0
25 12:15 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW100 73.4 66.2 78% 30.12 0.0
25 11:55 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW014 FEW019 71.6 68 88% 30.13 0.0
25 11:35 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy FEW009 BKN014 SCT019 71.6 66.2 83% 30.14 0.0
25 11:15 Calm 10.00 Overcast BKN009 OVC013 69.8 68 94% 30.14 0.0
25 10:55 Calm 10.00 Overcast OVC008 68 66.2 94% 30.15 0.0
25 10:35 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN007 BKN011 66.2 66.2 100% 30.15 0.0
25 10:10 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN005 66.2 64.4 94% 30.16 0.0
25 09:55 Calm 10.00 Overcast OVC005 64.4 64.4 100% 30.16 0.0
25 09:35 Calm 10.00 Overcast OVC004 64.4 64.4 100% 30.16 0.0
25 09:15 E 3 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN004 BKN050 64.4 64.4 100% 30.16 0.0
25 08:55 Calm 6.00 Fog/Mist BKN004 OVC048 64.4 64.4 100% 30.17 0.0 0.09
25 08:35 Calm 5.00 Fog/Mist SCT004 SCT022 BKN032 62.6 62.6 100% 30.17 0.0
25 08:15 Calm 2.00 Fog/Mist BKN004 OVC032 62.6 62.6 100% 30.17 0.0
25 07:55 Calm 3.00 Fog/Mist OVC004 62.6 62.6 100% 30.17 0.0 0.01
25 07:35 Calm 4.00 Fog/Mist OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.16 0.0
25 07:15 Calm 3.00 Fog/Mist OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.15 0.0
25 06:55 E 5 2.50 Fog/Mist OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.14 0.0 0.03
25 06:35 Calm 2.50 Fog/Mist OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.15 0.0
25 06:10 Calm 4.00 Fog/Mist OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.14 0.0
25 05:55 Calm 1.00 Fog/Mist OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.14 0.0
25 05:35 Calm 2.50 Fog/Mist OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.14 0.0
25 05:15 Calm 0.50 Fog OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.14 0.0
25 04:55 Calm 0.25 Fog OVC002 62.6 62.6 100% 30.14 0.0
25 04:35 Calm 0.25 Fog OVC002 62.6 62.6 100% 30.14 0.0
25 04:15 Calm 0.15 Fog OVC002 62.6 62.6 100% 30.14 0.0
25 03:55 Calm 0.15 Fog OVC002 64.4 62.6 94% 30.14 0.0
25 03:35 E 3 0.15 Fog OVC002 64.4 62.6 94% 30.14 0.0
25 03:15 E 3 0.15 Fog OVC002 64.4 62.6 94% 30.14 0.0
25 02:55 Calm 0.15 Fog OVC002 64.4 62.6 94% 30.14 0.0
25 02:35 Calm 0.15 Fog OVC002 64.4 62.6 94% 30.14 0.0
25 02:15 Calm 0.15 Fog OVC002 62.6 62.6 100% 30.15 0.0
25 01:50 Calm 0.15 Fog OVC002 62.6 62.6 100% 30.15 0.0
25 01:35 Calm 0.25 Fog OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.15 0.0
25 01:15 Calm 1.25 Fog/Mist OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.16 0.0
25 00:55 Calm 3.00 Fog/Mist OVC003 62.6 62.6 100% 30.17 0.0
25 00:35 Calm 6.00 Fog/Mist OVC004 62.6 62.6 100% 30.18 0.0
25 00:15 Calm 7.00 Overcast OVC004 64.4 62.6 94% 30.17 0.0
24 23:55 Calm 7.00 Overcast OVC003 64.4 62.6 94% 30.18 0.0
24 23:35 Calm 7.00 Overcast OVC005 64.4 62.6 94% 30.18 0.0
24 23:15 Calm 4.00 Fog/Mist OVC005 62.6 62.6 100% 30.18 0.0
24 22:35 Calm 5.00 Fog/Mist FEW120 62.6 62.6 100% 30.17 0.0
24 22:15 Calm 7.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN120 64.4 64.4 100% 30.16 0.0
24 21:55 Calm 9.00 Fair CLR 64.4 64.4 100% 30.16 0.0
24 21:35 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy FEW049 SCT120 64.4 62.6 94% 30.15 0.0
24 21:10 Calm 10.00 Overcast FEW045 FEW070 OVC110 64.4 64.4 100% 30.15 0.0
24 20:50 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW038 SCT070 BKN095 66.2 66.2 100% 30.15 0.0
24 20:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 66.2 66.2 100% 30.15 0.0
24 20:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 66.2 66.2 100% 30.15 0.0
24 19:55 SE 3 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 68 64.4 88% 30.15 0.0 0.01
24 19:35 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT110 69.8 66.2 88% 30.15 0.0
24 19:15 SE 5 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW013 69.8 66.2 88% 30.15 0.0
24 18:55 SE 5 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW013 69.8 68 94% 30.16 0.0
24 18:30 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 69.8 66.2 88% 30.16 0.0
24 18:10 SW 6 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW010 69.8 66.2 88% 30.16 0.0
24 17:55 S 5 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN010 69.8 68 94% 30.16 0.0
24 17:35 Calm 10.00 Overcast OVC010 69.8 68 94% 30.16 0.0
24 17:15 Calm 10.00 Overcast OVC013 69.8 68 94% 30.16 0.0
24 16:50 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT014 SCT090 69.8 68 94% 30.17 0.0
24 16:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 68 68 100% 30.17 0.0
24 16:15 Calm 5.00 Fog/Mist CLR 69.8 66.2 88% 30.18 0.0
24 15:55 W 7 8.00 Partly Cloudy FEW026 FEW034 SCT042 71.6 64.4 78% 30.18 0.0
24 15:35 W 8 G 14 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT035 BKN041 73.4 64.4 74% 30.18 0.0
24 15:15 Vrbl 7 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT039 BKN075 77 64.4 65% 79 30.18 0.0
24 14:55 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT075 77 62.6 61% 79 30.18 0.0
24 14:35 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW080 77 62.6 61% 79 30.18 0.0
24 14:15 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN080 77 62.6 61% 79 30.19 0.0
24 13:55 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW065 FEW095 77 60.8 57% 79 30.19 0.0
24 13:35 SE 5 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW070 FEW100 75.2 62.6 65% 77 30.2 0.0
24 13:10 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT095 73.4 62.6 69% 30.21 0.0
24 12:50 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT095 73.4 64.4 74% 30.21 0.0
24 12:35 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW090 73.4 64.4 74% 30.21 0.0
24 12:15 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW095 73.4 64.4 74% 30.21 0.0
24 11:55 E 5 10.00 Partly Cloudy FEW022 SCT100 73.4 64.4 74% 30.22 0.0
24 11:30 SE 5 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 73.4 66.2 78% 30.22 0.0
24 11:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 71.6 66.2 83% 30.22 0.0
24 10:55 Vrbl 5 10.00 Fair CLR 69.8 66.2 88% 30.22 0.0
24 10:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 68 64.4 88% 30.21 0.0
24 10:15 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 66.2 64.4 94% 30.21 0.0
24 09:50 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 66.2 64.4 94% 30.21 0.0
24 09:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 64.4 64.4 100% 30.21 0.0
24 09:10 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 64.4 64.4 100% 30.21 0.0
24 08:50 Calm 9.00 Fair CLR 64.4 62.6 94% 30.2 0.0
24 08:30 Calm 7.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 62.6 62.6 100% 30.21 0.0
24 08:15 Calm 7.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 62.6 62.6 100% 30.21 0.0
24 07:55 Calm 4.00 Fog/Mist BKN110 62.6 62.6 100% 30.21 0.0 0.01
24 07:35 Calm 4.00 Fog/Mist CLR 60.8 60.8 100% 30.21 0.0
24 07:15 Calm 6.00 Fog/Mist FEW090 FEW120 60.8 60.8 100% 30.2 0.0
24 06:55 Calm 7.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW075 BKN090 BKN120 60.8 60.8 100% 30.19 0.0
24 06:35 Calm 4.00 Fog/Mist FEW002 BKN075 OVC120 60.8 60.8 100% 30.18 0.0
24 06:10 Calm 5.00 Fog/Mist SCT080 BKN110 62.6 60.8 94% 30.18 0.0
24 05:55 Calm 7.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW070 BKN110 62.6 60.8 94% 30.17 0.0
24 05:35 Calm 8.00 Overcast FEW045 SCT075 OVC110 62.6 60.8 94% 30.17 0.0
24 05:15 Calm 6.00 Fog/Mist SCT080 OVC110 62.6 60.8 94% 30.17 0.0
24 04:50 Calm 5.00 Fog/Mist FEW002 BKN085 BKN110 60.8 60.8 100% 30.17 0.0
24 04:35 Calm 4.00 Fog/Mist FEW065 BKN080 OVC090 60.8 60.8 100% 30.17 0.0
24 04:15 Calm 6.00 Fog/Mist FEW055 BKN075 OVC090 62.6 60.8 94% 30.16 0.0
24 03:55 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW055 SCT085 BKN110 62.6 62.6 100% 30.16 0.0
24 03:35 Calm 9.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 62.6 62.6 100% 30.16 0.0
24 03:15 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 62.6 62.6 100% 30.16 0.0
24 02:55 Calm 10.00 Overcast OVC120 62.6 62.6 100% 30.16 0.0
24 02:35 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN120 62.6 62.6 100% 30.16 0.0
24 02:15 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy FEW090 SCT120 62.6 62.6 100% 30.16 0.0
24 01:55 Calm 9.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW060 SCT075 BKN090 62.6 62.6 100% 30.17 0.0 0.01
24 01:35 Calm 10.00 Overcast FEW055 BKN065 OVC095 62.6 62.6 100% 30.18 0.0
24 01:15 Calm 10.00 Overcast SCT035 BKN070 OVC095 62.6 62.6 100% 30.18 0.0
24 00:55 Calm 4.00 Fog/Mist SCT035 BKN048 OVC110 62.6 62.6 100% 30.18 0.0 0.04
24 00:30 Calm 6.00 Fog/Mist FEW033 SCT055 OVC100 62.6 62.6 100% 30.18 0.0
24 00:15 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW036 SCT055 BKN075 62.6 62.6 100% 30.18 0.0
23 23:50 N 3 8.00 Overcast SCT035 SCT050 OVC070 62.6 62.6 100% 30.18 0.0
23 23:35 W 6 7.00 Overcast SCT036 BKN055 OVC075 64.4 60.8 88% 30.18 0.0
23 23:15 SW 10 9.00 Overcast SCT043 BKN060 OVC075 66.2 59 78% 30.17 0.0
23 22:55 SW 13 G 20 10.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW040 BKN055 BKN080 68 62.6 83% 30.18 0.0
23 22:35 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW050 SCT060 BKN110 66.2 62.6 88% 30.16 0.0
23 22:15 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 66.2 62.6 88% 30.16 0.0
23 21:55 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 66.2 64.4 94% 30.15 0.0
23 21:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 66.2 64.4 94% 30.15 0.0
23 21:15 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW048 SCT075 BKN090 68 62.6 83% 30.14 0.0
23 20:55 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT045 SCT055 BKN065 68 62.6 83% 30.14 0.0
23 20:35 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy FEW047 BKN055 69.8 60.8 73% 30.13 0.0
23 20:15 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN055 BKN065 71.6 60.8 69% 30.11 0.0
23 19:55 Vrbl 3 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT050 BKN065 BKN120 73.4 62.6 69% 30.11 0.0
23 19:35 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW120 75.2 62.6 65% 77 30.1 0.0
23 19:15 W 5 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 78.8 60.8 54% 80 30.09 0.0
23 18:55 SW 5 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 78.8 60.8 54% 80 30.09 0.0
23 18:35 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT110 80.6 60.8 51% 81 30.09 0.0
23 18:15 Vrbl 3 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT110 82.4 60.8 48% 83 30.09 0.0
23 17:55 SW 3 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 78.8 60.8 54% 80 30.09 0.0
23 17:35 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW120 80.6 59 48% 81 30.09 0.0
23 17:10 SW 3 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 78.8 60.8 54% 80 30.08 0.0
23 16:55 Vrbl 3 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 80.6 59 48% 81 30.08 0.0
23 16:35 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW055 82.4 60.8 48% 83 30.08 0.0
23 16:15 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW055 82.4 60.8 48% 83 30.09 0.0
23 15:55 Vrbl 3 10.00 Fair CLR 80.6 59 48% 81 30.1 0.0
23 15:35 W 8 10.00 Fair CLR 80.6 60.8 51% 81 30.12 0.0
23 15:15 Calm 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW050 FEW060 80.6 60.8 51% 81 30.13 0.0
23 14:55 Vrbl 3 10.00 Fair CLR 80.6 60.8 51% 81 30.14 0.0
23 14:30 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 78.8 60.8 54% 80 30.14 0.0
23 14:15 NW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 78.8 60.8 54% 80 30.15 0.0
23 13:50 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 78.8 60.8 54% 80 30.15 0.0
23 13:30 SE 6 10.00 Fair CLR 78.8 62.6 58% 80 30.16 0.0
23 13:10 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 77 60.8 57% 79 30.16 0.0
23 12:50 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 75.2 64.4 69% 77 30.17 0.0
23 12:30 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 75.2 64.4 69% 77 30.18 0.0
23 12:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 73.4 64.4 74% 30.18 0.0
23 11:50 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 73.4 66.2 78% 30.18 0.0
23 11:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 69.8 64.4 83% 30.19 0.0
23 11:10 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT012 69.8 64.4 83% 30.19 0.0
23 10:55 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN012 BKN100 68 64.4 88% 30.2 0.0
23 10:35 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT009 SCT013 BKN100 66.2 64.4 94% 30.2 0.0
23 10:15 Calm 10.00 Overcast OVC009 66.2 64.4 94% 30.19 0.0
23 09:50 Calm 10.00 Overcast OVC007 64.4 64.4 100% 30.18 0.0
23 09:30 Calm 8.00 Overcast OVC006 62.6 62.6 100% 30.18 0.0
23 09:15 Vrbl 3 7.00 Overcast OVC005 62.6 62.6 100% 30.18 0.0
23 08:55 Calm 6.00 Fog/Mist OVC004 62.6 60.8 94% 30.18 0.0
23 08:35 Calm 6.00 Fog/Mist OVC004 60.8 60.8 100% 30.18 0.0
23 08:15 Calm 3.00 Fog/Mist OVC003 60.8 60.8 100% 30.18 0.0
23 07:55 Calm 1.75 Fog/Mist OVC003 60.8 60.8 100% 30.18 0.0
23 07:35 Calm 2.00 Fog/Mist OVC003 60.8 60.8 100% 30.18 0.0
23 07:15 Calm 1.50 Fog/Mist OVC003 60.8 59 94% 30.17 0.0
23 06:50 Calm 1.25 Fog/Mist OVC003 59 59 100% 30.16 0.0
23 06:35 Calm 1.25 Fog/Mist OVC003 59 59 100% 30.16 0.0
23 06:15 Calm 0.75 Fog/Mist OVC003 60.8 59 94% 30.15 0.0
23 05:55 Calm 1.50 Fog/Mist OVC003 60.8 60.8 100% 30.15 0.0
23 05:35 Calm 5.00 Fog/Mist OVC004 60.8 60.8 100% 30.14 0.0
23 05:15 Calm 1.25 Fog/Mist SCT002 BKN005 OVC090 59 59 100% 30.14 0.0
23 04:55 Calm 3.00 Fog/Mist BKN002 BKN043 OVC090 60.8 60.8 100% 30.14 0.0
23 04:30 Calm 0.50 Fog OVC002 60.8 60.8 100% 30.14 0.0
23 04:15 Calm 0.50 Fog/Mist OVC002 60.8 59 94% 30.13 0.0
23 03:55 Calm 0.25 Fog OVC002 60.8 60.8 100% 30.13 0.0
23 03:35 Calm 0.25 Fog OVC003 60.8 60.8 100% 30.13 0.0
23 03:15 Calm 0.75 Fog/Mist OVC003 60.8 60.8 100% 30.12 0.0
23 02:55 Calm 0.25 Fog OVC003 60.8 60.8 100% 30.12 0.0
23 02:35 Calm 0.15 Fog OVC002 60.8 60.8 100% 30.12 0.0
23 02:15 Calm 0.15 Fog OVC002 60.8 60.8 100% 30.13 0.0
23 01:55 Calm 0.15 Fog OVC002 60.8 59 94% 30.13 0.0
23 01:30 Calm 0.25 Fog OVC002 60.8 60.8 100% 30.13 0.0
23 01:10 Calm 0.25 Fog OVC002 60.8 60.8 100% 30.13 0.0
23 00:55 Calm 0.15 Fog OVC002 60.8 60.8 100% 30.13 0.0
23 00:30 Calm 0.25 Fog OVC002 60.8 60.8 100% 30.13 0.0
23 00:15 Calm 0.50 Fog/Mist OVC002 62.6 62.6 100% 30.12 0.0
22 23:55 Calm 1.00 Fog/Mist BKN002 62.6 62.6 100% 30.13 0.0
22 23:35 Calm 3.00 Fog/Mist SCT002 SCT060 62.6 62.6 100% 30.13 0.0
22 23:10 Calm 3.00 Fog/Mist BKN055 OVC065 62.6 62.6 100% 30.13 0.0
22 22:55 Calm 6.00 Fog/Mist FEW050 OVC065 62.6 62.6 100% 30.13 0.0
22 22:35 Calm 7.00 Overcast OVC060 62.6 62.6 100% 30.13 0.0
22 22:15 Calm 9.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN060 62.6 62.6 100% 30.12 0.0
22 21:55 Calm 7.00 Fair CLR 62.6 62.6 100% 30.12 0.0
22 21:35 Calm 9.00 A Few Clouds FEW060 62.6 62.6 100% 30.11 0.0
22 21:15 Calm 8.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN060 62.6 62.6 100% 30.1 0.0
22 20:55 Calm 9.00 Fair CLR 64.4 62.6 94% 30.1 0.0
22 20:35 Calm 9.00 Fair CLR 62.6 62.6 100% 30.1 0.0
22 20:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 64.4 64.4 100% 30.1 0.0
Date Time (edt) Wind (mph) Vis. (mi.) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°F) Heat Index (°F) altimeter (in) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºF) Pressure Precipitation (in)