National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service United States Department of Commerce
Weather observations for the past three days for
Fort Madison Municipal Airport
Imperial (Metric)
Date Time (cst) Wind (mph) Vis. (mi.) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºF) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°F) Heat Index (°F) Pressure Precipitation (in)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (in) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
23 10:15 NW 12 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 6.8 58% 8 30.6 0.0
23 09:55 NW 9 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 6.8 58% 10 30.6 0.0
23 09:35 NW 10 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 6.8 62% 7 30.61 0.0
23 09:15 NW 13 G 17 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 6.8 62% 5 30.61 0.0
23 08:55 NW 13 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 5 62% 3 30.61 0.0
23 08:35 NW 14 10.00 Fair CLR 14 6.8 73% 0 30.6 0.0
23 08:15 W 12 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 5 73% -1 30.6 0.0
23 07:55 W 12 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 5 79% -3 30.59 0.0
23 07:35 W 9 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 5 79% -1 30.59 0.0
23 07:15 W 10 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 3.2 72% -2 30.59 0.0
23 06:55 NW 9 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 3.2 72% -1 30.58 0.0
23 06:35 NW 9 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW036 10.4 3.2 72% -1 30.58 0.0
23 06:15 NW 12 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN036 10.4 3.2 72% -3 30.58 0.0
23 05:55 NW 12 10.00 Overcast OVC038 10.4 3.2 11.8 9.7 72% -3 30.58 0.0
23 05:35 NW 13 10.00 Overcast OVC038 10.4 3.2 72% -4 30.58 0.0
23 05:15 NW 14 10.00 Overcast OVC038 10.4 3.2 72% -4 30.57 0.0
23 04:55 NW 15 10.00 Overcast OVC038 10.4 3.2 72% -5 30.58 0.0
23 04:35 NW 16 10.00 Overcast OVC038 10.4 3.2 72% -6 30.57 0.0
23 04:15 NW 17 10.00 Overcast OVC038 10.4 3.2 72% -6 30.56 0.0
23 03:55 NW 15 10.00 Overcast OVC038 10.4 3.2 72% -5 30.56 0.0
23 03:35 NW 15 10.00 Overcast OVC036 10.4 3.2 72% -5 30.57 0.0
23 03:15 NW 15 G 18 10.00 Overcast OVC036 10.4 3.2 72% -5 30.56 0.0
23 02:55 NW 14 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN036 10.4 3.2 72% -4 30.56 0.0
23 02:35 W 15 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW038 10.4 3.2 72% -5 30.56 0.0
23 02:15 W 15 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN038 10.4 3.2 72% -5 30.56 0.0
23 01:55 W 16 G 22 10.00 Overcast OVC038 10.4 3.2 72% -6 30.56 0.0
23 01:35 W 17 10.00 Overcast OVC036 10.4 3.2 72% -6 30.56 0.0
23 01:15 W 16 10.00 Overcast OVC036 12.2 3.2 67% -3 30.55 0.0
23 00:55 W 17 10.00 Overcast OVC036 12.2 3.2 67% -4 30.55 0.0
23 00:35 W 14 10.00 Overcast OVC036 12.2 3.2 67% -2 30.55 0.0
23 00:15 W 14 10.00 Overcast OVC036 12.2 3.2 67% -2 30.55 0.0
22 23:55 NW 14 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN036 12.2 3.2 19.6 11.5 67% -2 30.55 0.0
22 23:35 NW 16 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 3.2 67% -3 30.55 0.0
22 23:15 NW 16 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT033 12.2 3.2 67% -3 30.56 0.0
22 22:55 NW 16 G 24 10.00 Light Snow BKN028 BKN033 12.2 3.2 67% -3 30.56 0.0
22 22:35 NW 22 G 28 10.00 Light Snow and Breezy OVC026 14 3.2 62% -3 30.56 0.0
22 22:15 NW 20 10.00 Light Snow OVC026 14 5 67% -2 30.56 0.0
22 21:55 NW 20 G 26 10.00 Light Snow BKN026 14 5 67% -2 30.56 0.0
22 21:35 NW 24 G 28 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT026 14 5 67% -4 30.56 0.0
22 21:15 NW 20 G 25 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT026 14 5 67% -2 30.55 0.0
22 20:55 NW 17 G 24 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW030 15.8 6.8 67% 1 30.55 0.0
22 20:35 NW 15 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW030 15.8 6.8 67% 2 30.54 0.0
22 20:15 NW 18 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT029 15.8 6.8 67% 0 30.54 0.0
22 19:55 NW 18 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN029 17.6 6.8 62% 3 30.54 0.0
22 19:35 NW 16 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT031 17.6 6.8 62% 4 30.54 0.0
22 19:15 W 16 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 6.8 62% 4 30.54 0.0
22 18:55 W 18 G 22 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 6.8 58% 5 30.53 0.0
22 18:35 W 17 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 6.8 58% 5 30.53 0.0
22 18:15 W 17 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 6.8 58% 5 30.53 0.0
22 17:55 W 20 G 31 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 6.8 23.7 19.6 58% 5 30.53 0.0
22 17:35 W 21 G 29 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 19.4 6.8 58% 4 30.52 0.0
22 17:15 W 22 G 30 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 21.2 6.8 54% 6 30.52 0.0
22 16:55 NW 22 G 28 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 21.2 6.8 54% 6 30.51 0.0
22 16:35 W 20 G 31 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 6.8 54% 7 30.51 0.0
22 16:15 NW 21 G 28 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 23 6.8 50% 9 30.5 0.0
22 15:55 NW 20 G 29 10.00 Fair CLR 23 6.8 50% 9 30.5 0.0
22 15:35 W 21 G 30 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 23 5 46% 9 30.5 0.0
22 15:15 NW 24 G 29 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 23 5 46% 8 30.49 0.0
22 14:55 W 23 G 31 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 23 5 46% 8 30.49 0.0
22 14:35 W 24 G 29 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 23 5 46% 8 30.48 0.0
22 14:15 W 22 G 31 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 23 5 46% 9 30.48 0.0
22 13:55 W 26 G 32 10.00 Fair and Windy CLR 23 5 46% 7 30.48 0.0
22 13:35 NW 28 G 32 10.00 Fair and Windy CLR 23 5 46% 7 30.48 0.0
22 13:15 NW 24 G 32 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 21.2 5 49% 5 30.49 0.0
22 12:55 W 24 G 33 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 21.2 6.8 54% 5 30.49 0.0
22 12:35 W 22 G 32 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 21.2 5 49% 6 30.5 0.0
22 12:15 W 21 G 30 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 21.2 5 49% 7 30.5 0.0
22 11:55 W 20 G 28 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW030 21.2 5 21 10.9 49% 7 30.5 0.0
22 11:35 W 24 G 29 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT030 19.4 5 53% 3 30.51 0.0
22 11:15 W 23 G 30 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Breezy BKN028 19.4 5 53% 3 30.51 0.0
22 10:55 W 21 G 28 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT028 19.4 5 53% 4 30.5 0.0
22 10:35 NW 24 G 31 10.00 A Few Clouds and Breezy FEW025 17.6 5 58% 1 30.5 0.0
22 10:16 W 20 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW025 15.8 5 62% -0 30.5 0.0
22 09:55 NW 25 G 31 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 15.8 5 62% -2 30.5 0.0
22 09:35 W 24 G 30 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT021 15.8 5 62% -2 30.49 0.0
22 09:15 W 20 G 26 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN021 14 5 67% -2 30.49 0.0
22 08:55 W 22 G 30 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Breezy BKN021 14 5 67% -3 30.49 0.0
22 08:35 W 24 G 30 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT019 12.2 3.2 67% -6 30.48 0.0
22 08:15 W 22 G 31 10.00 A Few Clouds and Breezy FEW019 12.2 5 73% -6 30.48 0.0
22 07:55 W 22 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 12.2 5 73% -6 30.47 0.0
22 07:35 W 20 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 5 79% -7 30.46 0.0
22 07:15 W 17 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 5 79% -6 30.45 0.0
22 06:55 W 17 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 5 79% -6 30.44 0.0
22 06:35 W 17 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 5 79% -6 30.43 0.0
22 06:15 W 17 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 5 73% -4 30.43 0.0
22 05:55 W 15 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 5 20.5 11.7 73% -3 30.42 0.0
22 05:35 W 15 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 5 73% -3 30.41 0.0
22 05:15 W 15 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 5 73% -3 30.41 0.0
22 04:55 W 18 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 5 73% -4 30.4 0.0
22 04:35 W 16 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 14 6.8 73% -1 30.39 0.0
22 04:15 W 18 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 14 5 67% -2 30.39 0.0
22 03:55 W 18 G 26 10.00 Fair CLR 14 6.8 73% -2 30.38 0.0
22 03:35 W 16 G 28 10.00 Fair CLR 14 6.8 73% -1 30.37 0.0
22 03:15 W 16 G 30 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 6.8 67% 1 30.37 0.0
22 02:55 W 18 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 6.8 67% 0 30.37 0.0
22 02:35 W 16 G 26 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 6.8 67% 1 30.36 0.0
22 02:15 W 14 G 25 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 6.8 62% 5 30.37 0.0
22 01:55 W 18 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 8.6 68% 3 30.36 0.0
22 01:35 W 16 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 8.6 68% 4 30.36 0.0
22 01:15 W 15 G 28 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 8.6 68% 4 30.35 0.0
22 00:55 W 18 G 30 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 8.6 63% 5 30.35 0.0
22 00:35 W 15 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 8.6 63% 6 30.35 0.0
22 00:15 W 14 G 22 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 10.4 68% 7 30.35 0.0
21 23:35 W 12 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 12.2 68% 10 30.34 0.0
21 23:15 W 13 G 18 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 12.2 68% 10 30.34 0.0
21 22:55 W 10 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 14 74% 11 30.34 0.0
21 22:35 W 12 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 14 74% 10 30.34 0.0
21 22:15 W 12 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 21.2 14 74% 10 30.34 0.0
21 21:55 W 12 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW120 21.2 14 74% 10 30.34 0.0
21 21:35 W 10 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 21.2 14 74% 11 30.33 0.0
21 21:15 W 10 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 21.2 14 74% 11 30.33 0.0
21 20:55 W 12 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW120 21.2 14 74% 10 30.33 0.0
21 20:35 W 15 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 12.2 68% 9 30.33 0.0
21 20:15 W 16 G 21 10.00 Fair CLR 23 12.2 63% 11 30.33 0.0
21 19:55 W 18 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 23 12.2 63% 10 30.33 0.0
21 19:35 W 17 G 24 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT100 23 12.2 63% 10 30.32 0.0
21 19:15 W 14 10.00 Fair CLR 23 12.2 63% 11 30.32 0.0
21 18:55 W 16 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 12.2 59% 13 30.31 0.0
21 18:35 NW 14 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 12.2 59% 14 30.3 0.0
21 18:15 W 15 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 26.6 12.2 54% 16 30.3 0.0
21 17:55 W 15 G 22 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 26.6 12.2 34.3 27.5 54% 16 30.29 0.0
21 17:35 W 15 10.00 Overcast OVC110 28.4 12.2 51% 18 30.28 0.0
21 17:15 W 16 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN120 28.4 12.2 51% 17 30.27 0.0
21 16:55 W 17 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT110 28.4 12.2 51% 17 30.26 0.0
21 16:35 W 17 10.00 Fair CLR 32 12.2 44% 22 30.25 0.0
21 16:15 W 15 10.00 Fair CLR 32 12.2 44% 22 30.25 0.0
21 15:55 W 18 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 32 12.2 44% 21 30.24 0.0
21 15:35 W 16 10.00 Fair CLR 32 12.2 44% 22 30.24 0.0
21 15:15 W 20 G 25 10.00 Fair CLR 32 12.2 44% 21 30.23 0.0
21 14:55 W 18 G 23 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW120 32 14 47% 21 30.23 0.0
21 14:35 W 20 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN120 33.8 12.2 41% 23 30.23 0.0
21 14:15 W 18 10.00 Overcast OVC120 32 12.2 44% 21 30.23 0.0
21 13:55 W 20 10.00 Overcast OVC110 32 12.2 44% 21 30.24 0.0
21 13:35 W 15 G 24 10.00 Overcast OVC095 32 14 47% 22 30.23 0.0
21 13:15 W 20 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN085 33.8 14 44% 23 30.23 0.0
21 12:55 W 18 G 23 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT075 33.8 14 44% 24 30.23 0.0
21 12:35 W 18 G 23 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW075 FEW095 32 14 47% 21 30.23 0.0
21 12:15 W 12 10.00 Fair CLR 32 15.8 51% 24 30.23 0.0
21 11:55 W 16 10.00 Partly Cloudy FEW049 SCT070 30.2 14 30.9 17.4 51% 20 30.24 0.0
21 11:35 W 16 10.00 Overcast FEW049 OVC070 28.4 14 55% 17 30.24 0.0
21 11:15 W 14 G 18 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT070 28.4 15.8 59% 18 30.24 0.0
21 10:55 W 16 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 15.8 59% 17 30.23 0.0
21 10:35 W 13 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 15.8 64% 16 30.23 0.0
21 10:15 NW 15 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 15.8 69% 13 30.23 0.0
21 09:55 NW 12 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW065 FEW120 24.8 15.8 69% 15 30.22 0.0
21 09:35 W 13 G 16 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW065 FEW100 23 15.8 74% 12 30.22 0.0
21 09:15 NW 10 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW070 FEW120 21.2 14 74% 11 30.22 0.0
21 08:55 W 12 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT075 BKN090 BKN120 21.2 14 74% 10 30.21 0.0
21 08:35 W 12 10.00 Overcast FEW043 BKN050 OVC090 19.4 14 79% 8 30.21 0.0
21 08:15 NW 13 10.00 Overcast BKN050 BKN065 OVC080 19.4 14 79% 8 30.21 0.0
21 07:55 W 8 10.00 Overcast BKN080 OVC095 19.4 14 79% 10 30.21 0.0
21 07:35 W 9 10.00 Overcast OVC095 19.4 14 79% 10 30.21 0.0
21 07:15 W 10 10.00 Overcast OVC095 19.4 14 79% 9 30.21 0.0
21 06:55 W 8 10.00 Overcast OVC095 19.4 14 79% 10 30.2 0.0
21 06:35 W 9 10.00 Overcast OVC095 19.4 14 79% 10 30.19 0.0
21 06:15 W 8 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN095 17.6 14 86% 8 30.19 0.0
21 05:55 W 7 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 20.7 16.5 79% 9 30.17 0.0
21 05:35 W 8 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 8 30.16 0.0
21 05:15 W 8 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 8 30.14 0.0
21 04:55 W 7 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 9 30.13 0.0
21 04:35 W 8 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 8 30.13 0.0
21 04:15 W 8 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 8 30.13 0.0
21 03:55 W 9 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 7 30.11 0.0
21 03:35 W 9 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 7 30.1 0.0
21 03:15 W 9 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 7 30.11 0.0
21 02:55 W 9 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 7 30.11 0.0
21 02:35 W 9 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 7 30.09 0.0
21 02:15 W 8 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 8 30.08 0.0
21 01:55 W 8 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 12.2 79% 8 30.08 0.0
21 01:35 W 8 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 14 86% 8 30.08 0.0
21 01:15 NW 8 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 14 86% 8 30.07 0.0
21 00:55 NW 8 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 14 79% 10 30.07 0.0
21 00:35 W 10 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 14 74% 11 30.08 0.0
21 00:15 W 8 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 14 74% 12 30.09 0.0
20 23:55 W 9 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 15.8 29.8 19 80% 12 30.09 0.0
20 23:35 W 9 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 15.8 86% 10 30.09 0.0
20 23:15 W 8 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 14 79% 10 30.08 0.0
20 22:55 W 7 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 14 79% 11 30.07 0.0
20 22:35 W 5 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 15.8 86% 14 30.06 0.0
20 22:15 W 3 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 15.8 86% 30.04 0.0
20 21:55 NW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 15.8 86% 14 30.04 0.0
20 21:35 NW 6 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 15.8 80% 14 30.04 0.0
20 21:15 NW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 15.8 80% 16 30.04 0.0
20 20:55 NW 7 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 15.8 80% 13 30.04 0.0
20 20:35 W 6 10.00 Fair CLR 23 15.8 74% 17 30.03 0.0
20 20:15 W 6 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 17.6 86% 14 30.01 0.0
20 19:55 W 7 10.00 Fair CLR 23 17.6 80% 16 30.01 0.0
20 19:35 NW 7 10.00 Fair CLR 23 17.6 80% 16 30 0.0
20 19:15 NW 8 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 17.6 74% 17 29.99 0.0
20 18:55 W 6 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 17.6 69% 21 29.99 0.0
20 18:35 W 7 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 17.6 64% 22 29.98 0.0
20 18:15 W 9 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 17.6 64% 20 29.98 0.0
20 17:55 W 7 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 17.6 35.1 28.2 59% 24 29.97 0.0
20 17:35 W 12 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 19.4 64% 21 29.97 0.0
20 17:15 W 14 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW033 32 19.4 60% 23 29.96 0.0
20 16:55 W 14 G 20 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT031 32 19.4 60% 23 29.96 0.0
20 16:35 W 17 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN031 33.8 19.4 56% 24 29.95 0.0
20 16:15 W 14 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN031 32 19.4 60% 23 29.94 0.0
20 15:55 W 18 G 22 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN029 33.8 19.4 56% 24 29.92 0.0
20 15:35 W 15 G 24 10.00 Overcast OVC029 33.8 19.4 56% 25 29.92 0.0
20 15:15 W 14 G 22 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN029 33.8 21.2 60% 25 29.92 0.0
20 14:55 W 13 G 21 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN027 33.8 21.2 60% 25 29.92 0.0
20 14:35 W 16 G 26 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 33.8 21.2 60% 24 29.91 0.0
20 14:15 W 16 G 25 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 32 19.4 60% 22 29.91 0.0
20 13:55 SW 17 G 26 10.00 Overcast OVC023 32 21.2 64% 22 29.9 0.0
20 13:35 SW 15 G 22 10.00 Overcast OVC023 30.2 19.4 64% 20 29.9 0.0
20 13:15 W 22 10.00 Overcast and Breezy OVC023 30.2 19.4 64% 18 29.9 0.0
20 12:55 W 16 G 23 10.00 Overcast OVC021 30.2 19.4 64% 20 29.9 0.0
20 12:35 W 16 G 23 10.00 Overcast OVC021 28.4 21.2 74% 17 29.89 0.0
20 12:15 SW 13 G 22 10.00 Overcast OVC021 28.4 21.2 74% 19 29.9 0.0
20 11:55 W 16 G 21 10.00 Overcast OVC019 28.4 21.2 28.9 22.8 74% 17 29.89 0.0
20 11:35 SW 15 G 22 10.00 Overcast OVC019 28.4 21.2 74% 18 29.88 0.0
20 11:15 W 17 G 25 10.00 Overcast OVC017 26.6 21.2 80% 15 29.87 0.0
20 10:55 W 17 G 23 10.00 Overcast OVC015 26.6 19.4 74% 15 29.85 0.0
20 10:35 SW 13 10.00 Overcast OVC015 26.6 19.4 74% 16 29.85 0.0
Date Time (cst) Wind (mph) Vis. (mi.) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°F) Heat Index (°F) altimeter (in) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºF) Pressure Precipitation (in)