National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service United States Department of Commerce
Weather observations for the past three days for
Grand Prairie, Grand Prairie Municipal Airport
Imperial (Metric)
Date Time (cdt) Wind (mph) Vis. (mi.) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºF) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°F) Heat Index (°F) Pressure Precipitation (in)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (in) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
17 22:15 SE 7 10.00 Fair CLR 85.5 69.1 58% 89 30.08 0.0
17 21:35 SE 6 10.00 Fair CLR 86 68 55% 89 30.06 0.0
17 21:15 SE 6 10.00 Fair CLR 87.1 67.1 52% 90 30.06 0.0
17 20:55 SE 7 10.00 Fair CLR 87.8 66.6 49% 91 30.05 0.0
17 20:35 S 7 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT055 88.7 66.2 47% 91 30.05 0.0
17 20:15 S 8 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT060 89.6 66.9 47% 93 30.05 0.0
17 19:55 S 8 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT060 90.5 67.1 46% 94 30.04 0.0
17 19:35 S 8 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT060 SCT070 90.5 66.6 45% 93 30.05 0.0
17 19:15 S 10 G 16 10.00 Fair CLR 91.4 66.2 44% 94 30.04 0.0
17 18:55 S 8 10.00 Fair CLR 91.4 65.5 93.6 88 42% 94 30.04 0.0
17 18:35 S 10 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT060 92.7 65.5 41% 95 30.05 0.0
17 18:15 S 9 G 16 10.00 Fair CLR 93.2 63.9 38% 95 30.06 0.0
17 17:55 S 14 G 18 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT055 93.4 64.6 39% 95 30.06 0.0
17 17:35 S 6 G 16 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT055 SCT075 93.2 66.9 42% 97 30.07 0.0
17 17:15 SW 12 G 20 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT055 92.3 64.6 40% 94 30.08 0.0
17 16:55 S 10 G 18 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT055 92.3 66 42% 95 30.08 0.0
17 16:35 S 13 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT055 SCT065 SCT090 93 66.4 42% 96 30.09 0.0
17 16:15 SW 9 G 18 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT050 SCT075 93 65.8 41% 96 30.1 0.0
17 15:55 S 13 G 17 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT050 92.8 67.3 43% 97 30.1 0.0
17 15:35 S 9 G 17 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT048 SCT065 91.8 67.8 46% 96 30.1 0.0
17 15:15 S 10 G 17 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT048 SCT065 91.4 68.4 47% 96 30.11 0.0
17 14:55 S 9 G 16 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT046 SCT065 92.1 68.9 47% 97 30.12 0.0
17 14:35 S 13 G 16 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN046 BKN060 91 69.1 49% 96 30.12 0.0
17 14:15 S 10 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN043 BKN049 BKN055 90.5 68.9 49% 95 30.13 0.0
17 13:55 S 13 G 20 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT042 BKN050 90.7 68.9 49% 95 30.13 0.0
17 13:35 S 9 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT037 BKN049 89.8 69.8 52% 95 30.14 0.0
17 13:15 S 8 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT035 SCT045 89.2 70.5 54% 95 30.14 0.0
17 12:55 S 9 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT033 SCT038 87.8 70.2 88.5 77.9 56% 93 30.15 0.0
17 12:35 S 9 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT033 SCT038 87.8 69.8 55% 93 30.15 0.0
17 12:15 S 9 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT033 SCT040 86.5 69.3 56% 91 30.15 0.0
17 11:55 S 10 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT033 SCT042 87.8 71.1 58% 94 30.15 0.0
17 11:35 SW 9 G 17 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT025 BKN033 86.9 70.9 59% 92 30.15 0.0
17 10:55 SW 9 G 16 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT021 SCT028 BKN032 85.1 72 65% 91 30.16 0.0
17 10:15 S 9 10.00 Overcast OVC017 83.1 73.2 72% 89 30.16 0.0
17 09:55 S 6 10.00 Overcast OVC015 82.6 73.6 74% 89 30.16 0.0
17 09:35 S 9 10.00 Overcast OVC015 81 73.6 78% 86 30.16 0.0
17 09:15 S 8 10.00 Overcast OVC013 80.2 73.4 80% 85 30.16 0.0
17 08:55 S 7 10.00 Overcast OVC013 80.1 73.4 80% 84 30.16 0.0
17 08:35 S 7 10.00 Overcast OVC013 79.7 73.8 82% 84 30.15 0.0
17 08:20 S 6 10.00 Overcast OVC011 79.2 73.6 83% 83 30.15 0.0
17 07:55 S 5 10.00 Overcast OVC011 78.8 74.1 86% 82 30.14 0.0
17 07:35 S 6 10.00 Overcast OVC011 78.3 74.5 88% 81 30.13 0.0
17 07:15 S 7 10.00 Overcast OVC011 78.1 74.7 89% 81 30.12 0.0
17 06:55 S 7 10.00 Overcast OVC011 78.1 74.7 78.1 77 89% 81 30.12 0.0
17 06:35 S 9 10.00 Overcast OVC011 78.1 74.3 88% 81 30.12 0.0
17 06:20 S 7 10.00 Overcast OVC011 78.1 73.8 87% 81 30.12 0.0
17 05:55 S 8 10.00 Overcast OVC011 77.9 73 85% 80 30.11 0.0
17 05:35 S 6 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN011 77.9 72.5 84% 80 30.11 0.0
17 05:15 S 8 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT013 77.9 72.1 83% 80 30.11 0.0
17 04:55 S 7 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT013 77.9 72 82% 80 30.1 0.0
17 04:35 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 77.9 71.8 82% 80 30.11 0.0
17 04:20 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 77.9 71.6 81% 80 30.11 0.0
17 03:55 S 6 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 77.7 70.9 80% 80 30.11 0.0
17 03:35 S 6 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 77.9 70.9 79% 80 30.11 0.0
17 03:15 S 8 10.00 Fair CLR 77.9 70.7 79% 80 30.11 0.0
17 02:55 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 77.9 70.3 78% 80 30.12 0.0
17 02:35 S 8 10.00 Fair CLR 78.1 70 76% 80 30.11 0.0
17 02:15 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 77.9 70 77% 80 30.11 0.0
17 01:55 SE 6 10.00 Fair CLR 77.4 69.8 78% 79 30.11 0.0
17 01:35 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 77.4 69.4 77% 79 30.11 0.0
17 01:15 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 77 69.4 78% 79 30.11 0.0
17 00:55 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 77 69.8 84.9 76.6 79% 79 30.11 0.0
17 00:35 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 77 69.8 79% 79 30.11 0.0
17 00:15 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 76.8 69.8 79% 78 30.11 0.0
16 23:55 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 77 69.3 77% 79 30.11 0.0
16 23:35 S 7 10.00 Fair CLR 77.2 68.9 76% 79 30.1 0.0
16 23:15 SE 6 10.00 Fair CLR 77.2 68.9 76% 79 30.1 0.0
16 22:55 SE 7 10.00 Fair CLR 77.5 68.9 75% 79 30.1 0.0
16 22:35 SE 6 10.00 Fair CLR 77.9 68.9 74% 80 30.1 0.0
16 22:15 SE 7 10.00 Fair CLR 77.9 68.5 73% 80 30.09 0.0
16 21:55 SE 6 10.00 Fair CLR 77.9 68 72% 80 30.08 0.0
16 21:35 SE 8 10.00 Fair CLR 78.1 68 71% 80 30.08 0.0
16 21:15 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 78.4 67.6 70% 81 30.09 0.0
16 20:55 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 78.4 66.9 68% 81 30.08 0.0
16 20:35 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 78.8 66.2 65% 81 30.07 0.0
16 20:15 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 79.2 66.6 65% 81 30.07 0.0
16 19:55 SE 9 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT110 79.2 68.9 71% 82 30.07 0.0
16 19:35 SE 7 G 17 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT050 SCT070 BKN110 80.2 68.9 68% 83 30.07 0.0
16 19:15 SE 13 G 18 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT050 SCT070 BKN095 81.7 68 63% 85 30.08 0.0
16 18:55 SE 15 G 24 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT038 SCT055 BKN095 85.3 67.6 90.7 77.9 56% 88 30.07 0.0 0.03
16 18:35 S 13 G 17 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT095 86.9 67.1 52% 90 30.06 0.0
16 18:15 SE 13 10.00 Fair CLR 87.3 68.5 54% 91 30.05 0.0
16 17:55 SE 6 10.00 Fair CLR 87.3 68.5 54% 91 30.05 0.0
16 17:35 S 9 10.00 Fair CLR 86.9 69.4 56% 91 30.07 0.0
16 17:15 SE 9 10.00 Fair CLR 85.5 70.2 60% 90 30.07 0.0
16 16:55 S 8 10.00 Fair CLR 84.6 70 62% 89 30.06 0.0
16 16:35 S 7 10.00 Fair CLR 83.5 69.8 64% 88 30.07 0.0
16 16:15 S 5 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT048 SCT060 SCT075 81 70 69% 84 30.07 0.0
16 15:55 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT048 SCT060 79.2 70 74% 82 30.08 0.0 0.03 0.03
16 15:35 SW 6 2.50 Mostly Cloudy with Haze SCT043 BKN055 BKN070 78.4 68.4 71% 81 30.09 0.0 0.03
16 15:15 SW 14 G 20 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN043 BKN090 89.6 67.6 48% 93 30.07 0.0
16 14:55 S 10 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT041 SCT047 BKN090 88.7 68 50% 92 30.08 0.0
16 14:35 S 9 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN047 BKN060 89.1 68.4 51% 93 30.08 0.0
16 14:15 S 9 10.00 Fair CLR 90.5 68.2 48% 95 30.08 0.0
16 13:55 S 9 G 17 10.00 Fair CLR 90 67.5 48% 93 30.1 0.0
16 13:35 S 12 G 17 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT040 90.3 67.3 47% 94 30.1 0.0
16 13:15 S 9 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT030 SCT040 89.2 70 53% 95 30.11 0.0
16 12:55 S 10 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN032 BKN038 87.1 70.9 87.8 75.2 59% 93 30.12 0.0
16 12:35 S 12 G 17 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT028 BKN034 BKN040 86.9 71.2 60% 93 30.12 0.0
16 12:15 S 10 10.00 Overcast BKN026 BKN033 OVC065 85.6 71.6 63% 91 30.13 0.0
16 11:55 S 8 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT022 SCT034 BKN040 86 71.6 62% 92 30.13 0.0
16 11:35 S 8 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT020 BKN025 84.2 72 67% 90 30.13 0.0
16 11:15 S 7 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN020 BKN032 83.8 72.3 68% 90 30.13 0.0
16 10:55 S 8 10.00 Overcast BKN016 BKN022 OVC032 82 72.5 73% 87 30.14 0.0
16 10:35 S 7 10.00 Overcast OVC016 81.5 72.3 74% 86 30.14 0.0
16 10:15 S 6 10.00 Overcast BKN014 OVC018 80.2 72.5 77% 84 30.13 0.0
16 09:55 SE 8 10.00 Overcast OVC014 79.5 72.3 79% 83 30.14 0.0
16 09:15 SE 6 10.00 Overcast OVC014 78.1 72.5 83% 81 30.13 0.0
16 08:55 SE 6 10.00 Overcast BKN014 OVC021 77.9 72.3 83% 80 30.13 0.0
16 08:35 SE 3 10.00 Overcast OVC014 77 72 85% 78 30.13 0.0
16 08:15 E 3 10.00 Overcast OVC016 76.3 73 90% 77 30.12 0.0
16 07:55 E 5 10.00 Overcast OVC016 75.6 73.6 94% 75 30.11 0.0
16 07:35 E 3 10.00 Overcast OVC016 75.6 73 92% 75 30.11 0.0
16 07:15 Calm 10.00 Overcast OVC018 75.4 72.7 91% 75 30.11 0.0
16 06:55 E 5 10.00 Overcast OVC018 75.2 73.2 75.7 75.2 94% 74 30.11 0.0
16 06:35 E 5 10.00 Overcast OVC018 75.2 72.1 90% 74 30.1 0.0
16 06:15 E 5 10.00 Overcast OVC018 75.4 72 89% 75 30.1 0.0
16 05:55 E 3 10.00 Overcast OVC020 75.4 71.6 88% 75 30.08 0.0
16 05:35 E 3 10.00 Overcast OVC020 75.6 71.4 87% 76 30.08 0.0
16 05:15 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN021 75.2 71.4 88% 75 30.09 0.0
16 04:55 SE 3 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN021 75.2 71.2 88% 75 30.09 0.0
16 04:35 SE 3 10.00 Overcast OVC023 75.2 72 90% 75 30.08 0.0
16 04:15 SE 5 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT023 SCT031 75.2 73.8 95% 74 30.08 0.0
16 03:55 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 75.2 75.2 100% 73 30.08 0.0
16 03:35 SE 3 10.00 Fair CLR 75.2 75.2 100% 73 30.08 0.0
16 03:15 SE 5 10.00 Fair CLR 75.2 75.2 100% 73 30.08 0.0
16 02:55 SE 3 10.00 Fair CLR 75.2 75.2 100% 73 30.08 0.0
16 02:35 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT012 75.2 75 99% 73 30.08 0.0
16 02:15 S 3 10.00 Fair CLR 75.2 70.5 85% 75 30.09 0.0
16 01:55 SE 3 10.00 Fair CLR 75.4 69.8 83% 76 30.09 0.0
16 01:35 SE 7 10.00 Fair CLR 75.6 69.4 81% 76 30.1 0.0
16 01:15 S 7 10.00 Fair CLR 75.6 69.4 81% 76 30.1 0.0
16 00:55 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 75.6 70.2 79.9 75.6 83% 76 30.1 0.0
16 00:35 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 76.1 70.3 82% 77 30.09 0.0
15 23:35 SE 3 10.00 Fair CLR 76.1 69.8 81% 77 30.09 0.0
15 23:15 SE 3 10.00 Fair CLR 76.1 69.6 80% 77 30.09 0.0
15 22:55 SE 3 10.00 Fair CLR 76.1 69.3 79% 77 30.09 0.0
15 22:35 SE 3 10.00 Fair CLR 76.5 69.3 79% 78 30.08 0.0
15 22:15 SE 3 10.00 Fair CLR 76.3 69.1 78% 78 30.08 0.0
15 21:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 76.1 68.9 78% 77 30.07 0.0
15 21:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 76.1 68.4 77% 77 30.06 0.0
15 21:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 76.5 68.2 76% 78 30.06 0.0
15 20:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 76.8 68.2 75% 78 30.06 0.0
15 20:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 77.2 68.2 74% 79 30.06 0.0
15 20:15 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 77.5 68 73% 79 30.05 0.0
15 19:55 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 78.1 68.2 72% 80 30.06 0.0
15 19:35 S 8 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT023 79 68.2 70% 81 30.06 0.0
15 19:15 SW 8 G 16 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT025 79.3 67.8 68% 82 30.06 0.0
15 18:55 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 79.7 69.1 88.2 71.6 70% 82 30.06 0.0 0.25
15 18:35 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 77.5 69.6 77% 79 30.06 0.0
15 18:15 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 76.3 69.1 78% 78 30.07 0.0
15 17:55 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 76.3 69.4 79% 77 30.08 0.0
15 17:35 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 76.1 70.5 83% 77 30.08 0.0
15 17:15 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 76.3 71.8 86% 77 30.09 0.0
15 16:55 S 3 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT080 SCT110 75.7 75.2 98% 74 30.1 0.0 0.01
15 16:35 SW 5 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT042 SCT050 BKN075 73.9 73.9 100% 30.11 0.0 0.01
15 16:15 SW 8 10.00 Overcast SCT042 BKN050 OVC060 73 73 100% 30.13 0.0 0.01
15 15:55 SW 5 7.00 Overcast SCT041 BKN050 OVC080 71.8 71.8 100% 30.15 0.0 0.13 0.24
15 15:35 S 7 3.00 Fog/Mist SCT008 BKN060 OVC080 71.6 71.6 100% 30.16 0.0 0.1
15 15:15 S 9 G 16 4.00 Fog/Mist SCT008 BKN060 OVC070 71.6 71.6 100% 30.16 0.0 0.03
15 14:55 S 10 G 20 1.50 Fog/Mist SCT021 BKN050 OVC055 71.8 71.8 100% 30.15 0.0 0.1
15 14:35 S 17 G 26 1.75 Fog/Mist SCT015 BKN046 OVC050 72 70 94% 30.15 0.0 0.03
15 14:15 S 23 G 33 10.00 Overcast and Breezy SCT015 BKN048 OVC085 76.3 66.9 73% 78 30.14 0.0
15 13:55 SE 7 10.00 Overcast SCT046 SCT070 OVC085 87.3 66 49% 90 30.09 0.0
15 13:35 SE 3 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN046 BKN060 BKN090 87.1 65.5 49% 89 30.09 0.0
15 13:15 W 5 10.00 Fair CLR 87.8 66.6 49% 91 30.1 0.0
15 12:35 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT033 BKN060 87.1 68.7 54% 91 30.11 0.0
15 12:15 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT029 SCT035 85.6 69.4 58% 90 30.13 0.0
15 11:55 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT025 BKN032 83.7 69.6 63% 88 30.14 0.0
15 11:35 SW 3 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 83.3 70.2 65% 88 30.15 0.0
15 11:15 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT021 82.6 70.7 67% 87 30.14 0.0
15 10:55 S 5 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT019 81.9 70.3 68% 86 30.14 0.0
15 10:35 S 3 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN017 81 70.3 70% 85 30.13 0.0
15 10:15 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT015 80.1 69.8 71% 83 30.13 0.0
15 09:55 S 5 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN015 78.8 69.6 74% 81 30.13 0.0
15 09:35 SW 6 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN015 79 69.6 73% 82 30.13 0.0
15 09:15 W 6 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN013 77.9 69.3 75% 80 30.13 0.0
15 08:55 SW 3 10.00 Overcast OVC013 77 68.9 76% 79 30.14 0.0
15 08:35 S 5 10.00 Overcast OVC015 76.5 68.9 78% 78 30.14 0.0
15 08:15 S 3 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN015 76.1 68.5 78% 77 30.14 0.0
15 07:55 S 5 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT015 76.3 68.5 77% 78 30.13 0.0
15 07:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 75.7 68.2 77% 77 30.13 0.0
15 07:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 75.2 68 78% 76 30.12 0.0
15 06:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 74.5 67.8 75.2 73.4 80% 30.12 0.0
15 06:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 74.3 67.3 79% 30.11 0.0
15 06:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 74.3 67.3 79% 30.11 0.0
15 05:55 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT025 SCT031 74.5 67.1 78% 30.11 0.0
15 05:35 Calm 10.00 Overcast OVC023 74.8 67.5 78% 30.11 0.0
15 05:15 S 3 10.00 Overcast OVC021 74.3 67.3 79% 30.11 0.0
15 04:55 Calm 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN019 74.3 67.1 78% 30.11 0.0
15 04:35 S 3 10.00 Overcast BKN019 OVC100 73.9 67.1 79% 30.1 0.0
15 04:15 S 3 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT019 BKN100 73.6 66.6 79% 30.1 0.0
15 03:55 S 3 10.00 Fair CLR 73.6 66.2 78% 30.1 0.0
15 03:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 73.6 65.5 76% 30.1 0.0
15 03:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 73.8 64.8 74% 30.1 0.0
15 02:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 74.5 64 70% 30.1 0.0
15 02:35 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 74.7 63.5 68% 30.09 0.0
15 02:15 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 74.8 63.5 68% 30.1 0.0
15 01:55 S 3 10.00 Fair CLR 74.7 64.6 71% 30.1 0.0
15 01:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 74.8 65.5 73% 30.1 0.0
15 01:15 S 3 10.00 Fair CLR 75 66 74% 76 30.1 0.0
15 00:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 75 67.1 81.1 75 76% 76 30.1 0.0
15 00:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 75.2 67.5 77% 76 30.1 0.0
15 00:15 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 75.2 68.9 81% 76 30.11 0.0
14 23:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 75.7 69.8 82% 76 30.11 0.0
14 23:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 75.9 70 82% 77 30.11 0.0
14 23:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 76.5 70.2 81% 78 30.11 0.0
14 22:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 76.8 70 80% 78 30.1 0.0
14 22:35 S 3 10.00 Fair CLR 77 70 79% 79 30.1 0.0
Date Time (cdt) Wind (mph) Vis. (mi.) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°F) Heat Index (°F) altimeter (in) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºF) Pressure Precipitation (in)