Weather observations for the past three days for
Ortonville, Ortonville Muncipal-Martinson Field Airport
Imperial (Metric)
Date Time (cst) Wind (mph) Vis. (mi.) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºF) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°F) Heat Index (°F) Pressure Precipitation (in)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (in) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
18 14:35 NW 17 G 25 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -5.8 66% -15 30.34 0.0
18 14:15 NW 20 G 25 7.00 Partly Cloudy SCT027 5 -4 66% -14 30.33 0.0
18 13:55 NW 18 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 5 -4 66% -14 30.33 0.0
18 13:35 NW 17 10.00 Fair CLR 5 -4 66% -13 30.33 0.0
18 13:15 NW 20 G 26 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT025 5 -4 66% -14 30.33 0.0
18 12:55 NW 14 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -5.8 66% -13 30.34 0.0
18 12:35 NW 16 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -5.8 66% -15 30.35 0.0
18 12:15 NW 17 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -5.8 66% -15 30.35 0.0
18 11:55 NW 14 G 24 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT025 3.2 -5.8 66% -13 30.35 0.0
18 11:35 NW 18 G 22 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -5.8 66% -16 30.35 0.0
18 11:15 NW 16 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -4 72% -15 30.35 0.0
18 10:55 N 21 G 25 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 3.2 -5.8 66% -17 30.35 0.0
18 10:35 NW 20 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -5.8 66% -16 30.34 0.0
18 10:15 NW 18 G 25 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -4 72% -16 30.33 0.0
18 09:55 NW 21 G 25 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 1.4 -4 78% -19 30.33 0.0
18 09:35 NW 16 G 21 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -4 78% -17 30.32 0.0
18 09:15 NW 12 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -4 78% -14 30.31 0.0
18 08:55 NW 14 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -4 78% -16 30.3 0.0
18 08:35 NW 13 G 17 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -4 78% -15 30.3 0.0
18 08:15 NW 10 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -5.8 71% -13 30.29 0.0
18 07:55 NW 9 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -5.8 71% -12 30.28 0.0
18 07:35 NW 8 G 17 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -5.8 71% -11 30.27 0.0
18 07:15 NW 3 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -5.8 71% 30.27 0.0
18 06:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -5.8 71% 30.26 0.0
18 06:35 NW 13 G 18 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -7.6 65% -15 30.25 0.0
18 06:15 NW 13 G 22 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -7.6 65% -15 30.24 0.0
18 05:55 NW 15 G 21 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -7.6 65% -16 30.23 0.0
18 05:35 NW 13 G 21 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -5.8 71% -15 30.23 0.0
18 05:15 N 17 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -5.8 71% -18 30.21 0.0
18 04:55 NW 15 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 1.4 -5.8 71% -16 30.21 0.0
18 04:35 NW 12 G 18 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -4 72% -12 30.21 0.0
18 04:15 NW 13 G 18 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -4 72% -13 30.2 0.0
18 03:55 NW 15 G 21 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -2.2 78% -14 30.19 0.0
18 03:35 NW 17 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 3.2 -2.2 78% -15 30.19 0.0
18 03:15 N 18 G 22 10.00 Fair CLR 5 -0.4 78% -14 30.18 0.0
18 02:55 NW 20 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 6.8 -0.4 72% -12 30.17 0.0
18 02:35 NW 14 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 6.8 -0.4 72% -9 30.17 0.0
18 02:15 NW 18 G 28 10.00 Fair CLR 6.8 -0.4 72% -11 30.15 0.0
18 01:55 NW 20 G 25 10.00 Fair CLR 6.8 -0.4 72% -12 30.14 0.0
18 01:35 NW 17 G 25 10.00 Fair CLR 6.8 1.4 78% -11 30.13 0.0
18 01:15 N 18 G 24 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT016 6.8 1.4 78% -11 30.12 0.0
18 00:55 N 15 G 20 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT016 SCT020 6.8 1.4 78% -10 30.11 0.0
18 00:35 N 16 10.00 Fair CLR 8.6 1.4 72% -8 30.1 0.0
18 00:15 N 20 G 30 10.00 Fair CLR 8.6 1.4 72% -9 30.09 0.0
17 23:55 NW 23 G 31 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 8.6 1.4 72% -11 30.09 0.0
17 23:35 NW 21 G 28 10.00 Fair and Breezy CLR 10.4 1.4 67% -8 30.08 0.0
17 23:15 NW 18 G 26 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 3.2 72% -7 30.06 0.0
17 22:55 NW 15 G 22 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 3.2 72% -5 30.05 0.0
17 22:35 NW 17 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 3.2 72% -6 30.04 0.0
17 22:15 NW 20 G 25 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT022 12.2 5 73% -5 30.04 0.0
17 21:55 NW 16 G 23 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN022 12.2 6.8 79% -3 30.04 0.0
17 21:35 NW 17 G 26 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT023 BKN028 12.2 6.8 79% -4 30.02 0.0
17 21:15 N 16 G 29 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN023 BKN028 12.2 6.8 79% -3 30.01 0.0
17 20:55 N 20 G 31 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN023 12.2 6.8 79% -5 30 0.0
17 20:35 NW 25 G 32 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Breezy BKN023 14 6.8 73% -4 29.99 0.0
17 20:15 N 26 G 35 10.00 Overcast and Windy BKN023 OVC028 14 8.6 79% -5 29.98 0.0
17 19:55 N 22 G 30 10.00 Light Snow and Breezy BKN023 OVC028 14 8.6 79% -3 29.97 0.0
17 19:35 NW 24 G 35 10.00 Overcast and Breezy OVC024 14 8.6 79% -4 29.96 0.0
17 19:15 NW 25 G 35 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Breezy BKN024 14 8.6 79% -4 29.95 0.0
17 18:55 NW 24 G 30 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT026 14 8.6 79% -4 29.93 0.0
17 18:35 N 23 G 39 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT026 15.8 8.6 73% -1 29.91 0.0
17 18:15 N 26 G 38 7.00 Light Snow and Windy BKN020 BKN026 15.8 10.4 79% -2 29.89 0.0
17 17:55 N 25 G 40 5.00 Light Snow and Breezy SCT013 BKN020 BKN026 15.8 10.4 79% -2 29.88 0.0
17 17:35 N 28 G 39 2.50 Light Snow and Windy SCT016 BKN024 17.6 12.2 79% -0 29.86 0.0
17 17:15 N 26 G 40 10.00 Overcast and Windy OVC022 17.6 12.2 79% 0 29.84 0.0
17 16:55 N 29 G 41 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Windy BKN024 19.4 12.2 73% 2 29.82 0.0
17 16:35 NW 24 G 38 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT014 SCT023 19.4 12.2 73% 3 29.8 0.0
17 16:15 N 26 G 36 1.75 Light Snow and Windy SCT006 BKN014 OVC035 21.2 17.6 86% 5 29.79 0.0
17 15:55 N 25 G 32 10.00 Overcast and Breezy SCT021 SCT026 OVC037 23 15.8 74% 8 29.77 0.0
17 15:35 NW 23 G 32 4.00 Light Snow and Breezy SCT010 SCT023 OVC037 23 17.6 80% 8 29.77 0.0
17 15:15 N 22 G 35 3.00 Light Snow and Breezy SCT010 BKN038 OVC050 24.8 19.4 80% 11 29.74 0.0
17 14:56 NW 23 G 40 10.00 Overcast and Breezy SCT028 SCT037 OVC050 26.6 17.6 69% 13 29.72 0.0
17 14:35 NW 29 G 40 10.00 Overcast and Windy SCT031 BKN037 OVC048 26.6 19.4 74% 11 29.7 0.0
17 14:15 NW 29 G 38 10.00 Overcast and Windy BKN029 OVC035 28.4 19.4 69% 14 29.68 0.0
17 13:55 NW 24 G 36 10.00 Overcast and Breezy BKN026 OVC031 28.4 21.2 74% 15 29.66 0.0
17 13:35 NW 29 G 40 10.00 Overcast and Windy SCT026 BKN032 OVC039 30.2 21.2 69% 16 29.64 0.0
17 13:15 NW 21 G 36 10.00 Overcast and Breezy SCT030 OVC039 30.2 21.2 69% 18 29.62 0.0
17 12:55 NW 26 G 39 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Windy BKN035 30.2 21.2 69% 17 29.61 0.0
17 12:35 NW 23 G 32 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT049 30.2 21.2 69% 18 29.61 0.0
17 12:15 NW 29 G 38 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Windy SCT039 BKN049 32 21.2 64% 19 29.61 0.0
17 11:55 NW 29 G 40 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Windy SCT033 BKN039 BKN049 35.6 24.8 65% 24 29.59 0.0
17 11:35 NW 26 G 38 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Windy SCT039 37.4 24.8 60% 26 29.57 0.0
17 11:15 NW 24 G 35 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT039 37.4 26.6 65% 27 29.57 0.0
17 10:55 NW 25 G 33 10.00 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT037 37.4 26.6 65% 27 29.55 0.0
17 10:35 NW 18 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 37.4 26.6 65% 28 29.54 0.0
17 10:15 NW 14 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 37.4 26.6 65% 30 29.53 0.0
17 09:55 NW 3 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 29.52 0.0
17 09:35 NW 10 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 29 29.51 0.0
17 09:15 NW 8 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT110 35.6 28.4 75% 30 29.5 0.0
17 08:55 NW 13 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 35.6 28.4 75% 28 29.5 0.0
17 08:35 NW 15 G 21 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN100 35.6 28.4 75% 27 29.5 0.0
17 08:15 NW 12 G 16 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT100 33.8 28.4 81% 26 29.5 0.0
17 07:55 NW 14 G 18 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 33.8 28.4 81% 25 29.49 0.0
17 07:35 NW 13 G 20 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 33.8 28.4 81% 25 29.48 0.0
17 07:15 NW 10 G 18 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT110 32 26.6 80% 24 29.47 0.0
17 06:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 32 26.6 80% 29.47 0.0
17 06:35 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 32 26.6 80% 29.46 0.0
17 06:15 NW 7 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 33.8 26.6 75% 28 29.44 0.0
17 05:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 28.4 81% 29.45 0.0
17 05:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 28.4 81% 29.44 0.0
17 05:15 NW 6 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 31 29.43 0.0
17 04:55 NW 10 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT100 35.6 28.4 75% 29 29.42 0.0
17 04:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 29.41 0.0
17 04:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 28.4 81% 29.42 0.0
17 03:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 29.43 0.0
17 03:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 32 26.6 80% 29.42 0.0
17 03:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 29.42 0.0
17 02:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 29.43 0.0
17 02:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 29.43 0.0
17 02:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 29.43 0.0
17 01:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 29.44 0.0
17 01:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 29.44 0.0
17 01:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 37.4 28.4 70% 29.44 0.0
17 00:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 37.4 28.4 70% 29.45 0.0
17 00:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 29.45 0.0
17 00:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 24.8 86% 29.46 0.0
16 23:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 24.8 86% 29.47 0.0
16 23:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 24.8 86% 29.49 0.0
16 22:35 SE 13 10.00 Fair CLR 32 26.6 80% 23 29.52 0.0
16 22:15 S 14 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 25 29.54 0.0
16 21:55 SE 14 G 17 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 25 29.56 0.0
16 21:35 SE 13 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 33.8 26.6 75% 25 29.57 0.0
16 21:15 S 16 G 20 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 33.8 26.6 75% 24 29.59 0.0
16 20:55 S 12 G 16 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 33.8 26.6 75% 26 29.62 0.0
16 20:35 S 12 G 17 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 33.8 26.6 75% 26 29.64 0.0
16 20:15 S 13 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 25 29.67 0.0
16 19:55 S 3 10.00 Fair CLR 32 26.6 80% 29.69 0.0
16 19:35 S 13 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 25 29.7 0.0
16 19:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 26.6 86% 29.72 0.0
16 18:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 26.6 86% 29.74 0.0
16 18:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 32 26.6 80% 29.75 0.0
16 18:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 29.78 0.0
16 17:55 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 29 29.78 0.0
16 17:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 29.8 0.0
16 17:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 32 26.6 80% 29.82 0.0
16 16:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 29.83 0.0
16 16:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 29.85 0.0
16 16:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 37.4 26.6 65% 29.86 0.0
16 15:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 37.4 26.6 65% 29.87 0.0
16 15:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 37.4 26.6 65% 29.88 0.0
16 15:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 29.89 0.0
16 14:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 29.9 0.0
16 14:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 29.91 0.0
16 14:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 24.8 70% 29.92 0.0
16 13:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 24.8 70% 29.94 0.0
16 13:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 24.8 70% 29.95 0.0
16 13:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 24.8 70% 29.96 0.0
16 12:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 32 24.8 75% 29.98 0.0
16 12:35 Calm 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT100 32 24.8 75% 29.99 0.0
16 12:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 24.8 80% 30.01 0.0
16 11:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 24.8 80% 30.02 0.0
16 11:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 24.8 80% 30.03 0.0
16 11:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 24.8 86% 30.04 0.0
16 10:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 23 80% 30.05 0.0
16 10:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 23 80% 30.06 0.0
16 10:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 21.2 80% 30.06 0.0
16 09:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 21.2 80% 30.07 0.0
16 09:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 21.2 80% 30.06 0.0
16 09:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 21.2 86% 30.06 0.0
16 08:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 21.2 86% 30.05 0.0
16 08:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 23 19.4 86% 30.05 0.0
16 08:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 23 19.4 86% 30.05 0.0
16 07:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 23 19.4 86% 30.05 0.0
16 07:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 21.2 86% 30.05 0.0
16 07:15 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 21.2 86% 30.05 0.0
16 06:55 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 21.2 86% 30.05 0.0
16 06:35 Calm 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 21.2 86% 30.05 0.0
16 06:15 W 12 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 21.2 86% 15 30.05 0.0
16 05:55 W 12 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 21.2 80% 17 30.04 0.0
16 05:35 NW 10 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 23 86% 18 30.04 0.0
16 05:15 W 14 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 21.2 80% 16 30.03 0.0
16 04:55 W 14 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 23 86% 16 30.02 0.0
16 04:35 NW 16 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 23 86% 15 30.02 0.0
16 04:15 NW 14 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 23 80% 18 30.02 0.0
16 03:55 NW 14 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 24.8 86% 18 30.02 0.0
16 03:35 W 14 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 24.8 80% 21 30.01 0.0
16 03:15 NW 14 G 21 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 24.8 80% 21 30.01 0.0
16 02:35 NW 14 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 24.8 80% 21 30 0.0
16 02:15 NW 15 G 22 10.00 Fair CLR 32 26.6 80% 22 29.99 0.0
16 01:55 NW 15 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 32 26.6 80% 22 29.99 0.0
16 01:35 NW 15 G 22 10.00 Fair CLR 32 26.6 80% 22 29.98 0.0
16 01:15 NW 17 10.00 Fair CLR 32 26.6 80% 22 29.97 0.0
16 00:55 NW 18 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 24 29.97 0.0
16 00:35 NW 17 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 24 29.96 0.0
16 00:15 NW 17 G 25 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 24 29.96 0.0
15 23:55 NW 15 G 23 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 25 29.95 0.0
15 23:35 NW 16 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 24 29.95 0.0
15 23:15 NW 17 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 26 29.95 0.0
15 22:55 NW 17 G 24 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 26 29.94 0.0
15 22:35 NW 15 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 28.4 81% 25 29.94 0.0
15 22:15 NW 16 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 28.4 81% 24 29.94 0.0
15 21:55 NW 17 G 25 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 26 29.93 0.0
15 21:35 NW 17 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 26 29.92 0.0
15 21:15 NW 15 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 27 29.92 0.0
15 20:55 NW 13 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 28.4 75% 28 29.91 0.0
15 20:35 W 14 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT110 35.6 28.4 75% 27 29.91 0.0
15 20:15 W 13 G 18 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT110 35.6 28.4 75% 28 29.9 0.0
15 19:55 W 13 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT110 35.6 28.4 75% 28 29.9 0.0
15 19:35 W 12 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT100 33.8 28.4 81% 26 29.91 0.0
15 19:15 W 9 G 18 10.00 Overcast OVC100 35.6 28.4 75% 29 29.91 0.0
15 18:55 W 10 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN100 33.8 28.4 81% 26 29.91 0.0
15 18:35 W 13 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 25 29.91 0.0
15 18:15 W 10 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 26 29.91 0.0
15 17:55 W 12 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 26 29.91 0.0
15 17:35 W 13 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 26.6 75% 25 29.9 0.0
15 17:15 W 13 G 21 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 28 29.9 0.0
15 16:55 W 10 G 17 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 29 29.9 0.0
15 16:35 W 13 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 28 29.9 0.0
15 16:15 W 14 G 21 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 27 29.89 0.0
15 15:55 W 12 G 20 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 28 29.89 0.0
15 15:35 W 13 10.00 Fair CLR 35.6 26.6 70% 28 29.89 0.0
15 15:15 W 14 G 22 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT070 35.6 26.6 70% 27 29.89 0.0
15 14:55 W 16 G 23 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN070 33.8 24.8 70% 24 29.89 0.0
Date Time (cst) Wind (mph) Vis. (mi.) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°F) Heat Index (°F) altimeter (in) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºF) Pressure Precipitation (in)