Weather observations for the past three days for
Ionia County Airport
Imperial (Metric)
Date Time (est) Wind (mph) Vis. (mi.) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºF) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°F) Heat Index (°F) Pressure Precipitation (in)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (in) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
27 14:35 S 12 G 18 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT090 53.6 32 44% 29.8 0.0
27 14:15 SW 12 G 18 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW090 53.6 32 44% 29.81 0.0
27 13:55 SW 13 10.00 Fair CLR 51.8 33.8 50% 29.82 0.0
27 13:35 S 14 10.00 Fair CLR 51.8 33.8 50% 29.83 0.0
27 12:55 SW 10 10.00 Fair CLR 50 35.6 50.5 24.8 58% 46 29.85 0.0
27 12:35 S 10 10.00 Fair CLR 50 35.6 58% 46 29.86 0.0
27 12:15 SW 13 G 16 10.00 Fair CLR 50 35.6 58% 46 29.87 0.0
27 11:55 SW 9 10.00 Fair CLR 46.4 33.8 62% 42 29.88 0.0
27 11:35 SW 9 10.00 Fair CLR 46.4 33.8 62% 42 29.88 0.0
27 11:15 SW 13 10.00 Fair CLR 44.6 33.8 66% 39 29.89 0.0
27 10:55 SW 12 10.00 Fair CLR 42.8 33.8 71% 37 29.89 0.0
27 10:35 S 10 10.00 Fair CLR 41 33.8 76% 35 29.89 0.0
27 10:15 SW 8 9.00 Fair CLR 39.2 33.8 81% 34 29.9 0.0
27 09:55 SW 10 8.00 Fair CLR 37.4 32 81% 31 29.9 0.0
27 09:35 SW 8 7.00 Fair CLR 35.6 32 87% 30 29.9 0.0
27 09:15 SW 9 7.00 Fog/Mist CLR 33.8 30.2 87% 27 29.91 0.0
27 08:55 SW 7 6.00 Fog/Mist CLR 32 28.4 87% 26 29.9 0.0
27 08:35 S 7 5.00 Fog/Mist CLR 30.2 28.4 93% 24 29.89 0.0
27 08:15 S 8 5.00 Fog/Mist CLR 28.4 26.6 93% 21 29.89 0.0
27 07:55 S 5 5.00 Fog/Mist CLR 28.4 26.6 93% 24 29.89 0.0
27 07:35 SW 6 5.00 Fog/Mist CLR 26.6 24.8 93% 21 29.89 0.0
27 07:15 S 5 5.00 Fog/Mist CLR 28.4 26.6 93% 24 29.88 0.0
27 06:55 SW 5 6.00 Fog/Mist CLR 26.6 24.8 31.3 24.8 93% 22 29.87 0.0
27 06:35 SW 5 7.00 Fog/Mist CLR 28.4 26.6 93% 24 29.87 0.0
27 06:15 SW 6 8.00 Fair CLR 28.4 26.6 93% 23 29.86 0.0
27 05:55 SW 7 9.00 Fair CLR 30.2 26.6 86% 24 29.87 0.0
27 05:35 SW 7 9.00 Fair CLR 30.2 26.6 86% 24 29.86 0.0
27 05:15 SW 8 9.00 Fair CLR 30.2 26.6 86% 23 29.86 0.0
27 04:55 SW 8 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 26.6 86% 23 29.86 0.0
27 04:35 SW 9 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 26.6 86% 23 29.86 0.0
27 04:15 SW 8 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 24.8 86% 21 29.86 0.0
27 03:55 SW 8 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 24.8 86% 21 29.86 0.0
27 03:35 SW 7 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 24.8 86% 22 29.85 0.0
27 03:15 SW 7 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 23 86% 20 29.86 0.0
27 02:55 SW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 21.2 80% 22 29.86 0.0
27 02:35 SW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 23 86% 22 29.86 0.0
27 02:15 SW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 21.2 80% 22 29.86 0.0
27 01:55 SW 7 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 21.2 80% 20 29.87 0.0
27 01:35 SW 7 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 21.2 74% 22 29.87 0.0
27 01:15 SW 8 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 21.2 74% 21 29.86 0.0
27 00:55 SW 6 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 21.2 30.4 26.4 80% 21 29.87 0.0
27 00:35 SW 7 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 21.2 74% 22 29.86 0.0
27 00:15 SW 7 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 21.2 74% 22 29.87 0.0
26 23:55 SW 6 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 21.2 74% 23 29.86 0.0
26 23:35 SW 7 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 21.2 74% 22 29.86 0.0
26 23:15 SW 7 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 21.2 74% 22 29.86 0.0
26 22:55 SW 7 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW120 30.2 21.2 69% 24 29.86 0.0
26 22:35 SW 9 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 30.2 19.4 64% 23 29.86 0.0
26 22:15 SW 7 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN120 30.2 19.4 64% 24 29.86 0.0
26 21:55 SW 9 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW110 30.2 19.4 64% 23 29.86 0.0
26 21:35 S 8 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 19.4 69% 21 29.86 0.0
26 21:15 SW 8 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 19.4 69% 21 29.86 0.0
26 20:55 SW 6 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 19.4 74% 21 29.87 0.0
26 20:35 SW 6 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 19.4 69% 23 29.86 0.0
26 20:15 S 8 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 19.4 69% 21 29.86 0.0
26 19:55 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 19.4 69% 23 29.86 0.0
26 19:35 SW 6 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 19.4 69% 23 29.87 0.0
26 19:15 SW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 19.4 69% 24 29.87 0.0
26 18:55 SW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 19.4 33.6 28.2 69% 24 29.87 0.0
26 18:35 SW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 30.2 17.6 59% 26 29.87 0.0
26 18:15 SW 6 10.00 Fair CLR 32 19.4 60% 27 29.87 0.0
26 17:55 SW 6 10.00 Fair CLR 32 19.4 60% 27 29.87 0.0
26 17:35 SW 8 10.00 Fair CLR 33.8 17.6 51% 28 29.87 0.0
26 17:15 S 9 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW070 FEW110 33.8 17.6 51% 27 29.87 0.0
26 16:55 SW 10 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN070 33.8 17.6 51% 26 29.87 0.0
26 16:35 SW 10 10.00 Overcast OVC065 32 17.6 55% 24 29.87 0.0
26 16:15 SW 9 10.00 Overcast BKN075 OVC085 32 17.6 55% 25 29.88 0.0
26 15:55 SW 10 10.00 Overcast OVC075 32 17.6 55% 24 29.87 0.0
26 15:35 SW 12 10.00 Overcast OVC075 32 15.8 51% 24 29.88 0.0
26 15:15 SW 13 10.00 Overcast OVC075 32 15.8 51% 23 29.88 0.0
26 14:55 SW 10 10.00 Overcast OVC075 32 14 47% 24 29.88 0.0
26 14:35 S 10 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN075 BKN120 30.2 14 51% 22 29.88 0.0
26 14:15 SW 10 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT075 BKN085 BKN120 30.2 15.8 55% 22 29.88 0.0
26 13:55 S 12 10.00 Overcast OVC075 30.2 15.8 55% 21 29.89 0.0
26 13:35 SW 10 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN070 BKN090 28.4 15.8 59% 20 29.9 0.0
26 13:15 SW 12 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT075 SCT080 28.4 15.8 59% 19 29.9 0.0
26 12:55 S 12 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW085 28.4 14 28.6 14.4 55% 19 29.9 0.0
26 12:35 SW 9 10.00 Fair CLR 28.4 14 55% 20 29.91 0.0
26 12:15 S 12 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 14 59% 17 29.92 0.0
26 11:55 SW 10 10.00 Fair CLR 26.6 14 59% 18 29.93 0.0
26 11:35 SW 9 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 12.2 59% 16 29.93 0.0
26 11:15 S 10 10.00 Fair CLR 24.8 14 63% 15 29.93 0.0
26 10:55 S 8 10.00 Fair CLR 23 12.2 63% 15 29.93 0.0
26 10:35 S 10 10.00 Fair CLR 23 12.2 63% 13 29.93 0.0
26 10:15 SW 9 10.00 Fair CLR 23 12.2 63% 14 29.93 0.0
26 09:55 S 12 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 12.2 68% 10 29.93 0.0
26 09:35 S 13 10.00 Fair CLR 21.2 12.2 68% 10 29.93 0.0
26 09:15 S 13 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 10.4 68% 8 29.92 0.0
26 08:55 S 12 10.00 Fair CLR 19.4 10.4 68% 8 29.91 0.0
26 08:35 S 9 10.00 Fair CLR 17.6 10.4 73% 7 29.92 0.0
26 08:15 S 7 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 10.4 79% 7 29.91 0.0
26 07:55 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 10.4 79% 8 29.9 0.0
26 07:35 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 10.4 79% 8 29.89 0.0
26 07:15 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 8.6 73% 9 29.88 0.0
26 06:55 S 6 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 8.6 16 10.4 73% 8 29.88 0.0
26 06:35 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 10.4 79% 9 29.88 0.0
26 06:15 S 5 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 10.4 79% 9 29.87 0.0
26 05:55 S 3 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW100 15.8 10.4 79% 29.88 0.0
26 05:35 S 5 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN100 15.8 10.4 79% 9 29.88 0.0
26 05:15 S 5 10.00 Overcast OVC100 15.8 10.4 79% 9 29.88 0.0
26 04:55 S 5 10.00 Overcast OVC100 14 10.4 85% 7 29.88 0.0
26 04:35 S 5 10.00 Overcast OVC100 12.2 8.6 85% 5 29.88 0.0
26 04:15 S 1 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 12.2 8.6 85% 29.87 0.0
26 03:55 S 1 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 8.6 85% 29.88 0.0
26 03:35 SW 3 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 8.6 85% 29.88 0.0
26 03:15 SW 3 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 8.6 85% 29.89 0.0
26 02:55 SW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 8.6 85% 5 29.89 0.0
26 02:35 SW 5 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 8.6 85% 5 29.89 0.0
26 02:15 SW 3 10.00 Fair CLR 10.4 6.8 85% 29.88 0.0
26 01:55 S 7 10.00 Fair CLR 12.2 6.8 79% 3 29.88 0.0
26 01:35 S 3 10.00 Fair CLR 14 8.6 79% 29.87 0.0
26 01:15 SE 2 10.00 Fair CLR 14 8.6 79% 29.86 0.0
26 00:55 SE 2 10.00 Fair CLR 14 8.6 20.1 12 79% 29.86 0.0
26 00:35 SE 2 10.00 Fair CLR 14 8.6 79% 29.86 0.0
26 00:15 SE 1 10.00 Fair CLR 14 8.6 79% 29.85 0.0
25 23:55 NE 2 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 8.6 73% 29.85 0.0
25 23:35 SW 1 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 8.6 73% 29.85 0.0
25 23:15 N 2 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 8.6 73% 29.84 0.0
25 22:55 N 5 10.00 Fair CLR 15.8 8.6 73% 9 29.84 0.0
25 22:35 N 7 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW033 17.6 8.6 68% 9 29.83 0.0
25 22:15 N 7 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN033 17.6 8.6 68% 9 29.83 0.0
25 21:55 N 9 10.00 Overcast OVC031 19.4 8.6 63% 10 29.82 0.0
25 21:35 NW 8 10.00 Overcast OVC031 19.4 8.6 63% 10 29.82 0.0
25 21:15 NW 8 10.00 Overcast OVC031 19.4 10.4 68% 10 29.81 0.0
25 20:55 NW 9 10.00 Overcast OVC031 19.4 10.4 68% 10 29.81 0.0
25 20:35 NW 7 10.00 Light Snow OVC031 19.4 12.2 73% 11 29.8 0.0
25 20:15 NW 8 10.00 Light Snow OVC033 19.4 10.4 68% 10 29.78 0.0
25 19:55 NW 12 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN033 19.4 10.4 68% 8 29.78 0.0
25 19:35 W 9 G 17 10.00 Light Snow OVC033 19.4 12.2 73% 10 29.77 0.0
25 19:15 NW 10 10.00 Light Snow OVC031 19.4 12.2 73% 9 29.77 0.0
25 18:55 NW 10 10.00 Light Snow FEW021 OVC032 19.4 14 27 20.1 79% 9 29.77 0.0
25 18:35 W 12 G 22 10.00 Light Snow SCT025 OVC032 21.2 12.2 68% 10 29.75 0.0
25 18:15 W 15 G 21 10.00 Light Snow SCT027 OVC032 21.2 10.4 63% 9 29.74 0.0
25 17:55 W 12 10.00 Light Snow OVC029 21.2 12.2 68% 10 29.72 0.0
25 17:35 W 13 10.00 Light Snow OVC027 21.2 12.2 68% 10 29.71 0.0
25 17:15 W 17 10.00 Light Snow OVC029 21.2 12.2 68% 8 29.7 0.0
25 16:55 W 10 10.00 Light Snow OVC027 21.2 12.2 68% 11 29.69 0.0
25 16:35 NW 14 10.00 Light Snow BKN027 OVC033 21.2 12.2 68% 9 29.68 0.0
25 16:15 W 18 G 24 10.00 Light Snow SCT025 OVC032 21.2 12.2 68% 7 29.68 0.0
25 15:55 W 17 10.00 Light Snow BKN025 OVC030 21.2 12.2 68% 8 29.66 0.0
25 15:35 W 18 10.00 Light Snow OVC025 23 14 68% 10 29.66 0.0
25 15:15 W 18 G 26 10.00 Light Snow OVC027 23 12.2 63% 10 29.64 0.0
25 14:55 W 21 G 25 10.00 Light Snow and Breezy OVC025 23 14 68% 9 29.63 0.0
25 14:35 NW 15 G 23 10.00 Light Snow OVC025 23 14 68% 11 29.62 0.0
25 14:15 W 16 G 24 10.00 Light Snow BKN025 OVC030 24.8 15.8 69% 13 29.61 0.0
25 13:55 W 22 G 25 10.00 Light Snow and Breezy OVC025 24.8 15.8 69% 11 29.6 0.0
25 13:35 W 20 G 26 10.00 Light Snow BKN027 OVC034 24.8 15.8 69% 12 29.6 0.0
25 13:15 W 17 G 25 10.00 Overcast OVC031 26.6 15.8 64% 15 29.59 0.0
25 12:55 W 17 G 24 10.00 Overcast OVC031 26.6 15.8 31.1 27.1 64% 15 29.58 0.0
25 12:35 W 20 G 24 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN031 BKN036 28.4 15.8 59% 16 29.58 0.0
25 12:15 W 21 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Breezy BKN029 28.4 15.8 59% 16 29.57 0.0
25 11:55 NW 15 G 22 10.00 Overcast OVC029 28.4 17.6 64% 18 29.56 0.0
25 11:35 W 17 G 23 10.00 Mostly Cloudy BKN029 BKN034 28.4 15.8 59% 17 29.55 0.0
25 11:15 W 21 G 26 10.00 Overcast and Breezy OVC029 28.4 15.8 59% 16 29.54 0.0
25 10:55 W 18 G 28 10.00 Overcast OVC029 28.4 19.4 69% 17 29.53 0.0
25 10:35 W 18 G 28 10.00 Light Snow BKN030 OVC036 28.4 19.4 69% 17 29.52 0.0
25 10:15 W 22 G 26 10.00 Overcast and Breezy OVC032 30.2 17.6 59% 18 29.51 0.0
25 09:55 W 18 G 30 10.00 Overcast OVC032 30.2 17.6 59% 19 29.5 0.0
25 09:15 W 22 G 30 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Breezy BKN034 30.2 17.6 59% 18 29.48 0.0
25 08:55 W 21 G 30 9.00 Overcast and Breezy OVC034 28.4 17.6 64% 16 29.48 0.0
25 08:35 W 18 G 28 10.00 Overcast SCT028 OVC035 30.2 21.2 69% 19 29.47 0.0
25 08:15 W 16 G 25 10.00 Overcast OVC025 30.2 21.2 69% 20 29.46 0.0
25 07:55 NW 15 G 20 10.00 Overcast BKN021 OVC028 30.2 24.8 80% 20 29.45 0.0
25 07:35 W 13 10.00 Overcast BKN018 OVC026 30.2 26.6 86% 21 29.45 0.0
25 07:15 W 14 10.00 Overcast SCT022 OVC027 30.2 26.6 86% 21 29.44 0.0
25 06:55 W 13 10.00 Overcast FEW017 SCT024 OVC029 30.2 26.6 32.4 28.4 86% 21 29.44 0.0
25 06:35 W 14 10.00 Overcast BKN017 OVC024 30.2 26.6 86% 21 29.44 0.0
25 06:15 SW 14 10.00 Overcast BKN024 BKN070 OVC090 28.4 24.8 86% 18 29.44 0.0
25 05:55 SW 15 10.00 Overcast FEW080 BKN090 OVC120 28.4 24.8 86% 18 29.44 0.0
25 05:35 SW 15 10.00 Overcast BKN080 BKN095 OVC120 28.4 24.8 86% 18 29.43 0.0
25 05:15 SW 14 10.00 Overcast BKN080 OVC120 30.2 24.8 80% 21 29.44 0.0
25 04:55 SW 12 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT070 BKN080 BKN110 28.4 24.8 86% 19 29.44 0.0
25 04:35 W 12 10.00 Partly Cloudy SCT120 28.4 23 80% 19 29.45 0.0
25 04:15 W 12 10.00 Mostly Cloudy SCT018 BKN120 30.2 24.8 80% 21 29.45 0.0
25 03:55 W 13 10.00 Overcast OVC018 30.2 24.8 80% 21 29.45 0.0
25 03:35 W 13 G 21 10.00 Overcast OVC018 30.2 24.8 80% 21 29.45 0.0
25 03:15 W 12 10.00 Overcast OVC016 30.2 24.8 80% 21 29.45 0.0
25 02:55 W 16 G 25 10.00 Overcast OVC016 32 24.8 75% 22 29.46 0.0
25 02:35 W 21 G 26 10.00 Overcast and Breezy OVC016 32 26.6 80% 21 29.45 0.0
25 02:15 W 15 G 26 10.00 Overcast OVC016 32 26.6 80% 22 29.45 0.0
25 01:55 W 15 G 30 10.00 Overcast OVC018 32 26.6 80% 22 29.44 0.0
25 01:35 W 17 G 24 10.00 Overcast OVC018 32 26.6 80% 22 29.43 0.0
25 01:15 W 21 G 28 10.00 Overcast and Breezy OVC016 32 26.6 80% 21 29.42 0.0
25 00:55 W 16 G 23 10.00 Overcast OVC014 32 28.4 32.2 28.2 87% 22 29.42 0.0
25 00:35 W 15 G 20 10.00 Overcast BKN012 OVC022 32 28.4 87% 22 29.42 0.0
25 00:15 W 13 8.00 Overcast BKN010 OVC022 30.2 28.4 93% 21 29.42 0.0
24 23:55 W 14 8.00 Overcast OVC006 30.2 28.4 93% 21 29.41 0.0
24 23:35 W 15 7.00 Fog/Mist OVC008 30.2 28.4 93% 20 29.42 0.0
24 23:15 W 16 9.00 Overcast OVC008 30.2 28.4 93% 20 29.42 0.0
24 22:55 SW 17 G 25 10.00 Overcast BKN008 OVC013 30.2 26.6 86% 19 29.42 0.0
24 22:35 SW 18 G 24 7.00 Light Snow Fog/Mist OVC010 28.4 26.6 93% 17 29.43 0.0
24 22:15 SW 16 G 21 2.50 Light Snow Fog/Mist OVC010 28.4 26.6 93% 17 29.44 0.0
24 21:55 SW 16 G 22 4.00 Light Snow Fog/Mist OVC010 28.4 26.6 93% 17 29.44 0.0
24 21:35 SW 16 G 21 2.00 Light Snow Fog/Mist OVC010 28.4 26.6 93% 17 29.46 0.0
24 21:15 SW 14 4.00 Light Snow Fog/Mist BKN008 OVC012 28.4 26.6 93% 18 29.46 0.0
24 20:55 SW 15 1.75 Light Snow Fog/Mist BKN008 BKN014 OVC024 28.4 26.6 93% 18 29.46 0.0
24 20:35 SW 16 G 21 1.75 Light Snow Fog/Mist SCT010 BKN014 BKN020 28.4 26.6 93% 17 29.47 0.0
24 20:15 SW 18 G 31 2.50 Light Snow Haze SCT016 SCT035 SCT085 30.2 23 75% 19 29.47 0.0
24 19:55 SW 18 G 23 10.00 Light Snow FEW055 SCT070 BKN085 32 21.2 64% 21 29.48 0.0
24 19:35 SW 17 G 26 10.00 Overcast FEW070 OVC085 32 19.4 60% 22 29.48 0.0
24 19:15 SW 18 G 24 10.00 Overcast FEW060 OVC085 32 19.4 60% 21 29.48 0.0
24 18:55 SW 18 10.00 Light Snow SCT060 SCT070 OVC085 32 19.4 33.1 30 60% 21 29.49 0.0
24 18:35 SW 17 G 29 10.00 Overcast FEW060 BKN070 OVC080 32 19.4 60% 22 29.49 0.0
24 18:15 S 17 G 25 10.00 Overcast OVC080 32 19.4 60% 22 29.49 0.0
24 17:55 SW 16 G 24 10.00 Overcast BKN085 OVC090 32 19.4 60% 22 29.51 0.0
24 17:35 S 21 G 28 10.00 Mostly Cloudy and Breezy BKN085 BKN110 32 17.6 55% 21 29.5 0.0
24 17:15 S 18 G 29 10.00 A Few Clouds FEW085 FEW110 32 17.6 55% 21 29.5 0.0
24 16:55 S 17 G 26 10.00 Fair CLR 32 17.6 55% 22 29.51 0.0
24 16:35 S 18 10.00 Fair CLR 32 17.6 55% 21 29.53 0.0
24 16:15 S 14 G 22 10.00 Fair CLR 32 17.6 55% 23 29.54 0.0
24 15:55 S 18 G 26 10.00 Fair CLR 32 15.8 51% 21 29.56 0.0
24 15:35 S 17 G 28 10.00 Fair CLR 32 15.8 51% 22 29.59 0.0
Date Time (est) Wind (mph) Vis. (mi.) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°F) Heat Index (°F) altimeter (in) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºF) Pressure Precipitation (in)