National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service United States Department of Commerce
Weather observations for the past three days for
Cochran Airport
Metric (Imperial)
Date Time (edt) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºC) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) Pressure Precipitation (cm)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
17 14:35 NE 15 11.27 Partly Cloudy SCT041 SCT047 32.7 22.5 55% 37 76.23 0.0
17 14:15 NE 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT041 SCT050 32 22.3 56% 36 76.23 0.0
17 13:55 N 11 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT039 BKN050 32.2 22.3 32.5 22.6 56% 36 76.25 0.0
17 13:35 E 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT038 SCT044 BKN050 31.8 22.5 58% 36 76.25 0.0
17 13:15 N 9 11.27 Mostly Cloudy with Haze BKN038 BKN044 31.4 22.2 58% 35 76.25 0.0
17 12:55 E 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT032 BKN040 31.2 22.8 61% 36 76.28 0.0
17 12:35 E 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT031 BKN038 BKN044 30.7 23.2 64% 35 76.28 0.0
17 12:15 N 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN029 BKN038 BKN043 30.2 22.7 64% 34 76.3 0.0
17 11:55 NE 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT025 SCT032 30.5 23 64% 35 76.3 0.0
17 11:35 NE 15 11.27 Partly Cloudy with Haze SCT025 29.3 23.1 69% 33 76.28 0.0
17 11:15 E 7 16.09 Fair CLR 29.4 23.7 71% 34 76.28 0.0
17 10:55 NE 11 16.09 Fair CLR 28.8 22.9 70% 32 76.28 0.0
17 10:35 NE 7 16.09 Fair CLR 28.7 23 71% 32 76.28 0.0
17 10:15 NE 11 16.09 Fair CLR 27.8 22.9 75% 31 76.28 0.0
17 09:55 E 9 16.09 Fair CLR 27.1 23.3 80% 30 76.28 0.0
17 09:35 E 11 16.09 Fair CLR 26.3 23 82% 28 76.28 0.0
17 09:15 NE 9 16.09 Fair CLR 25.5 23 86% 27 76.3 0.0
17 08:55 NE 11 16.09 Fair CLR 24.7 22.8 89% 25 76.3 0.0
17 08:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 23.9 22.6 92% 23 76.28 0.0
17 08:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 22.9 22.3 96% 76.28 0.0
17 07:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 22.5 22 23.4 22 97% 76.28 0.0
17 07:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 22.1 21.7 98% 76.25 0.0
17 07:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 22.2 21.7 97% 76.28 0.0
17 06:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 22.2 21.7 97% 76.28 0.0
17 06:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 22.2 21.8 98% 76.28 0.0
17 06:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 22.1 21.7 98% 76.25 0.0
17 05:55 E 6 16.09 Fair CLR 22.2 21.8 98% 76.25 0.0
17 05:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 22.4 21.9 97% 76.25 0.0
17 05:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 22.3 21.9 98% 76.25 0.0
17 04:55 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR 22.6 22 96% 76.23 0.0
17 04:35 N 9 16.09 Fair CLR 22.7 22.1 96% 76.25 0.0
17 04:15 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR 22.8 22.2 96% 76.23 0.0
17 03:55 NE 6 16.09 Fair CLR 22.7 22.2 97% 76.25 0.0
17 03:30 NE 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN014 22.7 22.3 98% 76.25 0.0
17 03:10 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT014 22.9 22.4 97% 76.25 0.0
17 02:55 NE 6 16.09 Fair CLR 22.9 22.4 97% 76.25 0.0
17 02:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 23.1 22.5 96% 76.25 0.0
17 02:15 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR 23.2 22.6 96% 76.28 0.0
17 01:55 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR 23.4 22.8 26.7 23.3 96% 76.28 0.0
17 01:35 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR 23.5 22.8 96% 76.28 0.0
17 01:15 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR 23.6 22.9 96% 76.28 0.0
17 00:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 23.6 23.1 97% 76.28 0.0
17 00:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 23.9 23.1 95% 23 76.28 0.0
17 00:15 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR 24 23.2 95% 23 76.33 0.0
16 23:55 NE 7 16.09 Fair CLR 23.9 23.3 96% 23 76.33 0.0
16 23:35 NE 9 16.09 Fair CLR 24.3 23.3 94% 24 76.33 0.0
16 23:15 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR 24.3 23.3 94% 24 76.33 0.0
16 22:55 NE 6 16.09 Fair CLR 24.5 23.3 93% 24 76.33 0.0
16 22:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 24.5 23.4 94% 24 76.33 0.0
16 22:15 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR 25 23.3 90% 26 76.33 0.0
16 21:55 NW 7 16.09 Fair CLR 25.2 23.3 89% 26 76.33 0.0
16 21:35 N 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT020 25.6 23.4 88% 27 76.33 0.0
16 21:15 NE 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT020 25.4 23.2 88% 27 76.33 0.0
16 20:55 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR 25.5 23.7 90% 27 76.33 0.0
16 20:35 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR 26 23.4 86% 28 76.33 0.0
16 20:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 26.6 23 81% 29 76.3 0.0
16 19:55 E 9 16.09 Fair CLR 26.6 22.8 34 26.4 80% 29 76.3 0.0 0.53
16 19:35 E 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 27.1 22.9 78% 30 76.3 0.0
16 19:15 NE 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT100 SCT120 27.3 23.4 79% 30 76.28 0.0
16 18:55 NE 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT065 27.5 23.4 78% 31 76.25 0.0 0.03
16 18:35 NE 15 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT044 SCT060 BKN065 26.7 23.5 83% 29 76.25 0.0 0.03
16 18:15 NE 15 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT022 SCT039 BKN060 26.6 23.8 85% 29 76.25 0.0 0.03
16 17:55 NE 30 G 50 0.80 Heavy Rain BKN017 BKN027 OVC040 26.5 23.7 85% 29 76.28 0.0 0.51
16 17:35 NE 26 G 33 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT040 SCT047 SCT060 32.5 23.8 60% 38 76.23 0.0
16 17:15 N 13 16.09 Fair CLR 33.4 22.9 54% 38 76.23 0.0
16 16:55 N 15 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT041 SCT048 SCT070 33.6 23.2 54% 39 76.23 0.0
16 16:35 N 20 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT041 SCT048 33.7 22.9 53% 39 76.23 0.0
16 16:15 N 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT040 SCT065 SCT080 32.6 22.9 57% 37 76.23 0.0
16 15:55 N 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT065 SCT080 32.3 23.1 58% 37 76.23 0.0
16 15:35 N 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT039 SCT045 SCT055 32.5 22.7 56% 37 76.25 0.0
16 15:15 NE 11 11.27 Partly Cloudy SCT037 SCT045 32.7 23.8 59% 39 76.28 0.0
16 14:55 N 11 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN039 BKN045 32.9 23.3 57% 38 76.3 0.0
16 14:35 NW 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT039 32.4 23.1 58% 37 76.33 0.0
16 14:15 NW 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT037 32.2 23 58% 37 76.33 0.0
16 13:55 N 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT033 SCT040 31.3 22.9 31.9 23.1 61% 36 76.35 0.0
16 13:35 N 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT031 SCT042 31.5 23.2 61% 36 76.38 0.0
16 13:15 NW 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT031 SCT042 30.8 22.9 63% 35 76.38 0.0
16 12:55 Calm 11.27 Partly Cloudy SCT027 30.6 23.3 65% 35 76.4 0.0
16 12:35 N 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT027 30.3 23.3 66% 35 76.43 0.0
16 12:15 E 6 11.27 Fair CLR 29.8 22.6 65% 34 76.45 0.0
16 11:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 29.2 22.7 68% 33 76.48 0.0
16 11:35 NE 6 16.09 Fair CLR 28.9 22.7 69% 32 76.48 0.0
16 11:15 E 6 16.09 Fair CLR 28.4 22.9 72% 32 76.5 0.0
16 10:55 NE 11 16.09 Fair CLR 28.1 22.3 71% 31 76.5 0.0
16 10:35 NE 7 16.09 Fair CLR 27.7 22.7 74% 31 76.5 0.0
16 10:15 E 9 16.09 Fair CLR 26.6 22.4 78% 29 76.48 0.0
16 09:55 E 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT011 25.9 22.6 82% 28 76.5 0.0
16 09:35 NE 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT011 25.6 22.5 83% 27 76.5 0.0
16 09:15 NE 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT009 24.5 22.1 87% 25 76.48 0.0
16 08:55 N 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT007 24.3 22.2 88% 24 76.48 0.0
16 08:35 N 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN005 23.6 22.1 91% 76.48 0.0
16 08:15 N 9 16.09 Overcast OVC005 23.4 22.1 92% 76.48 0.0
16 07:55 N 9 16.09 Overcast OVC005 23.1 22.1 23.8 23 94% 76.45 0.0
16 07:35 N 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN005 23.2 22.3 95% 76.43 0.0
16 07:15 N 9 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN005 23.2 22.3 95% 76.43 0.0
16 06:55 N 7 16.09 Overcast OVC005 23.3 22.5 95% 76.43 0.0
16 06:35 N 7 16.09 Overcast OVC005 23.2 22.5 96% 76.43 0.0
16 06:15 N 6 16.09 Overcast OVC005 23.3 22.5 95% 76.43 0.0
16 05:55 N 6 16.09 Overcast OVC005 23.4 22.5 95% 76.4 0.0
16 05:35 N 6 16.09 Overcast OVC005 23.4 22.5 95% 76.4 0.0
16 05:15 N 7 16.09 Overcast OVC007 23.3 22.5 95% 76.4 0.0
16 04:55 N 9 16.09 Overcast BKN005 OVC009 23.3 22.5 95% 76.4 0.0
16 04:35 NE 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN011 23.1 22.4 96% 76.4 0.0
16 04:15 N 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT011 23.2 22.5 96% 76.38 0.0
16 03:55 N 9 16.09 Fair CLR 23.2 22.4 95% 76.4 0.0
16 03:35 N 9 16.09 Fair CLR 23.4 22.5 95% 76.38 0.0
16 03:15 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR 23.5 22.6 95% 76.38 0.0
16 02:55 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR 23.6 22.7 95% 76.4 0.0
16 02:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 23.6 22.8 95% 76.4 0.0
16 02:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 23.7 22.7 94% 76.38 0.0
16 01:55 SE 6 16.09 Fair CLR 23.8 22.7 29.3 23.8 94% 76.38 0.0
16 01:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 23.9 22.6 92% 23 76.4 0.0
16 01:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 24.2 22.6 91% 24 76.43 0.0
16 00:55 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR 24.3 22.6 90% 24 76.45 0.0
16 00:35 NE 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT011 24.7 22.8 89% 25 76.48 0.0
16 00:15 NE 20 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT011 25.6 23.2 87% 27 76.53 0.0
15 23:55 NE 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT023 SCT120 26.5 23.6 84% 29 76.5 0.0
15 23:35 NE 20 G 28 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT023 SCT050 SCT120 27.9 24.2 80% 32 76.53 0.0
15 23:15 NW 19 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT030 BKN050 BKN060 28.8 24.8 79% 34 76.5 0.0
15 22:55 NW 15 16.09 Thunderstorm in Vicinity SCT030 BKN050 BKN060 28.8 25 80% 34 76.45 0.0
15 22:35 W 13 16.09 Thunderstorm in Vicinity SCT075 27.9 25.1 85% 33 76.45 0.0
15 22:15 W 9 16.09 Thunderstorm in Vicinity BKN050 BKN075 27.4 25.4 89% 32 76.43 0.0
15 21:55 W 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN050 27.5 25.4 88% 32 76.4 0.0
15 21:35 W 7 16.09 Fair CLR 27.1 25.7 92% 31 76.38 0.0
15 21:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 27.6 25.9 90% 33 76.38 0.0
15 20:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 28.3 25.8 86% 34 76.38 0.0
15 20:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 27.9 26.1 90% 33 76.35 0.0
15 20:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 28.9 25.6 82% 35 76.35 0.0
15 19:55 W 6 16.09 Fair CLR 29 25.5 34.7 28.9 81% 35 76.35 0.0
15 19:35 W 6 16.09 Fair CLR 30.4 26.1 78% 38 76.35 0.0
15 19:15 W 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT048 32.1 24.7 65% 39 76.35 0.0
15 18:55 SW 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT048 33.3 24.1 59% 40 76.35 0.0
15 18:35 SW 6 16.09 Fair CLR 33.5 24 58% 40 76.33 0.0
15 18:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 33.2 24.6 61% 40 76.3 0.0
15 17:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 33.4 23.2 55% 39 76.33 0.0
15 17:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 33.3 23 55% 38 76.33 0.0
15 17:15 NW 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT048 33.6 22.8 53% 39 76.33 0.0
15 16:55 W 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT048 34.3 23.2 52% 40 76.33 0.0
15 16:35 S 6 3.22 Partly Cloudy with Haze SCT046 33.9 22.6 52% 39 76.3 0.0
15 16:15 S 9 3.22 Partly Cloudy with Haze SCT046 33.8 23.5 55% 40 76.33 0.0
15 15:55 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT048 SCT060 33.6 23.7 56% 40 76.33 0.0
15 15:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 33.6 23 54% 39 76.35 0.0
15 15:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT110 32.8 22.9 56% 38 76.38 0.0
15 14:55 N 11 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT042 SCT060 BKN110 33.4 23.2 55% 39 76.4 0.0
15 14:35 NW 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT042 BKN060 33.5 23.2 55% 39 76.4 0.0
15 14:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT042 33.5 22.9 54% 39 76.43 0.0
15 13:55 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT042 SCT048 32.7 23.2 33.5 24.6 57% 38 76.45 0.0
15 13:35 N 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT040 SCT047 32.8 22.5 55% 37 76.45 0.0
15 13:15 NW 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT040 32.7 23.2 57% 38 76.48 0.0
15 12:55 NW 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT041 32.8 23.4 58% 38 76.48 0.0
15 12:35 NW 13 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN039 32 23.5 61% 37 76.5 0.0
15 12:15 W 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT039 32.4 22.8 57% 37 76.5 0.0
15 11:55 N 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT034 SCT039 SCT046 32.1 22.7 58% 37 76.5 0.0
15 11:35 NW 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT032 SCT039 SCT048 32 23.1 59% 37 76.5 0.0
15 11:15 NW 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT030 31.8 23.9 63% 38 76.5 0.0
15 10:55 N 9 16.09 Fair CLR 31.4 23.4 63% 36 76.5 0.0
15 10:35 N 13 16.09 Fair CLR 30.7 23.7 66% 36 76.5 0.0
15 10:15 N 11 16.09 Fair CLR 30.2 23.9 69% 35 76.48 0.0
15 09:55 NW 13 16.09 Fair CLR 29.9 24.2 72% 35 76.48 0.0
15 09:35 W 7 16.09 Fair CLR 28.9 24.6 78% 34 76.45 0.0
15 09:15 W 9 16.09 Fair CLR 28.4 24.5 79% 33 76.45 0.0
15 08:55 W 7 16.09 Fair CLR 27.4 25.2 88% 32 76.45 0.0
15 08:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 26.3 25.1 93% 29 76.45 0.0
15 08:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 25.2 24.8 98% 26 76.43 0.0
15 07:55 Calm 11.27 Fog/Mist SCT047 24.6 24.3 25.7 23.9 98% 24 76.43 0.0
15 07:35 Calm 11.27 Partly Cloudy SCT047 24.3 24 98% 24 76.43 0.0
15 07:15 Calm 8.05 Fog/Mist CLR 24.3 24 98% 24 76.4 0.0
15 06:55 Calm 8.05 Fog/Mist CLR 24.2 23.8 98% 23 76.38 0.0
15 06:35 Calm 11.27 Fair CLR 24.2 23.9 98% 23 76.35 0.0
15 06:15 Calm 11.27 Fair CLR 23.9 23.6 98% 23 76.35 0.0
15 05:55 Calm 11.27 Fair CLR 24.1 23.7 98% 23 76.35 0.0
15 05:35 Calm 11.27 Fair CLR 24.6 24.2 98% 24 76.33 0.0
15 05:15 Calm 11.27 Fog/Mist CLR 24.4 24 98% 24 76.33 0.0
15 04:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 24.9 24.4 97% 25 76.3 0.0
15 04:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 24.9 24.4 97% 25 76.33 0.0
15 04:15 W 6 16.09 Fair CLR 24.8 24.4 98% 25 76.33 0.0
15 03:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 25.1 24.5 96% 26 76.3 0.0
15 03:35 SW 6 16.09 Fair CLR 25.2 24.6 96% 26 76.3 0.0
15 03:15 SW 7 16.09 Fair CLR 24.8 24.3 97% 25 76.3 0.0
15 02:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 25.1 24.3 95% 26 76.3 0.0
15 02:35 W 6 16.09 Fair CLR 25.1 24.5 96% 26 76.3 0.0
15 02:15 SW 7 16.09 Fair CLR 25 24.3 96% 25 76.3 0.0
15 01:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 25.7 24.7 28.5 25.3 94% 27 76.3 0.0
15 01:35 SW 6 16.09 Fair CLR 25.5 24.6 95% 27 76.33 0.0
15 01:15 SW 6 16.09 Fair CLR 26 24.7 93% 28 76.33 0.0
15 00:55 W 7 16.09 Fair CLR 26 24.8 93% 28 76.33 0.0
15 00:35 W 6 16.09 Fair CLR 26.1 24.9 93% 28 76.33 0.0
15 00:15 W 7 16.09 Fair CLR 26.2 25 93% 29 76.33 0.0
14 23:55 W 6 16.09 Fair CLR 26.4 25 92% 29 76.35 0.0
14 23:35 W 6 16.09 Fair CLR 26.5 25.1 92% 29 76.35 0.0
14 23:15 W 6 16.09 Fair CLR 26.8 25.3 92% 30 76.35 0.0
14 22:55 W 7 16.09 Fair CLR 26.3 25.3 94% 29 76.35 0.0
14 22:35 SW 7 16.09 Fair CLR 26.8 25.4 92% 30 76.33 0.0
14 22:15 Calm 5.63 Fog/Mist CLR 27.1 25.3 90% 31 76.3 0.0
14 21:55 SW 6 16.09 Fair CLR 27.2 25.3 89% 31 76.28 0.0
14 21:35 SW 6 11.27 Fair CLR 27.1 25.5 91% 31 76.28 0.0
14 21:15 W 6 16.09 Fair CLR 27.5 25.4 88% 32 76.25 0.0
14 20:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 27.9 25.4 86% 33 76.23 0.0
14 20:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 27.8 26.2 91% 33 76.23 0.0
14 20:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 28.3 26 87% 34 76.2 0.0
14 19:55 S 6 16.09 Fair CLR 28.4 26.2 33 28.3 88% 35 76.2 0.0
14 19:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 29.1 25.7 82% 35 76.17 0.0
14 19:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 29.8 25.5 78% 36 76.17 0.0
14 18:55 W 6 16.09 Fair CLR 31.3 23.8 64% 37 76.17 0.0
14 18:35 W 7 16.09 Fair CLR 31.9 23.7 62% 37 76.15 0.0
14 18:15 W 9 16.09 Fair CLR 32.4 23.4 59% 38 76.12 0.0
14 17:55 W 11 16.09 Fair CLR 32.4 23.2 58% 37 76.12 0.0
14 17:35 W 13 16.09 Fair CLR 32.4 23.5 59% 38 76.12 0.0
14 17:15 W 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT039 SCT050 32.4 23.2 58% 37 76.12 0.0
14 16:55 W 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT039 SCT047 32.6 23.1 57% 38 76.15 0.0
14 16:35 W 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT039 SCT045 32.1 23.5 60% 37 76.17 0.0
14 16:15 NW 13 16.09 Fair CLR 32.5 23.5 59% 38 76.17 0.0
14 15:55 W 11 16.09 Fair CLR 31.7 23.7 63% 37 76.2 0.0
14 15:35 W 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT035 SCT043 BKN050 31 24.1 67% 37 76.23 0.0
14 15:15 W 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT032 SCT044 SCT065 31.3 24 65% 37 76.23 0.0
Date Time (edt) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºC) Pressure Precipitation (cm)