Weather observations for the past three days for
Albion Municipal Airport
Metric (Imperial)
Date Time (cst) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºC) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) Pressure Precipitation (cm)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
26 13:15 S 15 11.27 Overcast OVC004 4 3.4 96% 1 75.9 0.0
26 12:55 S 15 11.27 Overcast OVC004 3.7 3.1 96% 1 75.92 0.0
26 12:35 S 11 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC004 3.6 3 96% 1 75.97 0.0
26 12:15 S 13 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC004 3.5 2.9 96% 1 76 0.0
26 11:55 S 19 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC004 3.3 2.8 3.3 0.5 97% -1 76.02 0.0
26 11:35 S 13 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC004 3.1 2.6 97% 0 76.07 0.0
26 11:15 S 7 6.44 Fog/Mist OVC004 2.9 2.4 97% 1 76.1 0.0
26 10:55 S 7 6.44 Fog/Mist OVC002 2.6 2.2 97% 1 76.12 0.0
26 10:35 Calm 4.83 Fog/Mist OVC002 2.4 2 97% 76.15 0.0
26 10:15 Calm 2.82 Fog/Mist OVC002 1.8 1.3 97% 76.15 0.0
26 09:55 SE 6 2.41 Light Drizzle OVC002 1.5 1.1 97% 76.15 0.0
26 09:35 SE 6 0.80 Light Drizzle OVC002 1.2 0.8 97% 76.17 0.0
26 09:15 SE 6 0.40 Light Rain OVC002 1.1 0.7 97% 76.17 0.0
26 08:55 Calm 0.40 Fog OVC002 1 0.5 97% 76.2 0.0
26 08:35 Calm 0.40 Fog OVC002 0.9 0.5 97% 76.2 0.0
26 08:15 Calm 0.40 Fog OVC002 0.8 0.5 98% 76.2 0.0
26 07:55 Calm 0.40 Fog OVC002 0.8 0.3 97% 76.2 0.0
26 07:35 Calm 0.40 Fog OVC002 0.7 0.2 97% 76.2 0.0
26 07:15 SE 6 0.40 Fog OVC002 0.6 0.2 97% 76.17 0.0
26 06:55 Calm 0.40 Fog OVC002 0.6 0.1 97% 76.17 0.0
26 06:35 Calm 0.40 Fog OVC002 0.6 0.1 97% 76.17 0.0
26 06:15 Calm 0.80 Fog OVC002 0.5 0.1 97% 76.2 0.0
26 05:55 Calm 0.80 Fog OVC002 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.5 97% 76.2 0.0
26 05:35 Calm 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0.1 97% 76.17 0.0
26 05:15 Calm 2.01 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0 97% 76.2 0.0
26 04:55 Calm 4.83 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.5 0 97% 76.23 0.0
26 04:35 Calm 4.83 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.5 0 97% 76.23 0.0
26 04:15 Calm 2.82 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.5 0 97% 76.25 0.0
26 03:55 Calm 2.41 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.5 0 97% 76.28 0.0
26 03:35 Calm 2.01 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.5 0 97% 76.3 0.0
26 03:15 Calm 2.01 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.5 0 97% 76.3 0.0
26 02:55 Calm 2.01 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.5 0 97% 76.3 0.0
26 02:35 Calm 1.61 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.5 0 97% 76.3 0.0
26 02:15 Calm 2.01 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0 97% 76.33 0.0
26 01:55 Calm 2.01 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0 97% 76.33 0.0
26 01:35 Calm 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0 97% 76.3 0.0
26 01:15 Calm 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0 97% 76.3 0.0
26 00:55 Calm 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0 97% 76.33 0.0
26 00:35 Calm 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0 97% 76.33 0.0
26 00:15 Calm 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0 97% 76.33 0.0
25 23:55 Calm 1.61 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0 0.5 -1.5 97% 76.33 0.0
25 23:35 Calm 2.41 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.5 0 97% 76.33 0.0
25 23:15 Calm 2.82 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.5 0 97% 76.33 0.0
25 22:55 Calm 4.02 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.4 0 97% 76.33 0.0
25 22:35 Calm 6.44 Fog/Mist OVC004 0.3 0 98% 76.33 0.0
25 22:15 Calm 6.44 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.3 0 98% 76.3 0.0
25 21:55 Calm 4.02 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.2 0 99% 76.3 0.0
25 21:35 S 7 3.22 Fog/Mist OVC002 0.2 0 99% -2 76.33 0.0
25 21:15 S 9 3.22 Fog/Mist OVC002 0 -0.1 99% -3 76.33 0.0
25 20:35 S 11 2.41 Fog/Mist OVC002 0 -0.4 97% -3 76.28 0.0
25 20:15 S 9 2.01 Fog/Mist OVC002 0 -0.5 96% -3 76.25 0.0
25 19:55 S 11 2.41 Fog/Mist OVC002 -0.2 -0.7 96% -3 76.23 0.0
25 19:35 S 11 3.22 Fog/Mist OVC002 -0.3 -1 95% -4 76.23 0.0
25 19:15 S 7 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 -0.5 -1.1 96% -3 76.25 0.0
25 18:55 S 7 1.61 Fog/Mist OVC002 -0.8 -1.5 95% -3 76.25 0.0
25 18:35 S 7 2.82 Fog/Mist OVC002 -1.1 -1.8 95% -3 76.25 0.0
25 18:15 SE 7 4.83 Fog/Mist OVC002 -1.5 -2.1 96% -4 76.23 0.0
25 17:55 SE 11 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC004 -1.6 -2.3 -1.1 -2 95% -5 76.23 0.0
25 17:35 S 11 16.09 Overcast OVC004 -1.5 -2.2 95% -5 76.23 0.0
25 17:15 SE 7 11.27 Overcast OVC004 -1.5 -2.2 95% -4 76.23 0.0
25 16:55 S 9 16.09 Overcast OVC004 -1.5 -2.1 96% -4 76.23 0.0
25 16:35 SE 11 16.09 Overcast OVC004 -1.5 -2.1 96% -5 76.25 0.0
25 16:15 S 9 16.09 Overcast OVC002 -1.3 -2 95% -4 76.23 0.0
25 15:55 S 7 11.27 Overcast OVC002 -1.2 -2 94% -4 76.23 0.0
25 15:35 SE 9 11.27 Overcast OVC002 -1.2 -2 94% -4 76.23 0.0
25 15:15 SE 9 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC002 -1.2 -2 94% -4 76.23 0.0
25 14:55 S 7 6.44 Fog/Mist OVC002 -1.2 -2 94% -4 76.23 0.0
25 14:35 SE 7 4.83 Fog/Mist OVC002 -1.3 -2 95% -4 76.2 0.0
25 14:15 SE 7 6.44 Fog/Mist OVC002 -1.5 -2.1 96% -4 76.17 0.0
25 13:55 SE 7 11.27 Overcast OVC004 -1.2 -2 94% -4 76.23 0.0
25 13:35 S 7 11.27 Overcast OVC004 -1.3 -2.1 94% -4 76.25 0.0
25 13:15 S 9 11.27 Overcast OVC004 -1.5 -2.2 95% -4 76.28 0.0
25 12:55 S 6 16.09 Overcast OVC004 -1.6 -2.4 94% 76.3 0.0
25 12:35 S 6 16.09 Overcast OVC004 -1.6 -2.4 94% 76.33 0.0
25 12:15 S 7 16.09 Overcast OVC002 -1.7 -2.5 94% -4 76.35 0.0
25 11:55 S 7 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC002 -2 -2.7 -2 -4.5 95% -4 76.38 0.0
25 11:35 S 7 4.83 Fog/Mist OVC002 -2.2 -3 94% -5 76.4 0.0
25 11:15 S 9 4.83 Fog/Mist OVC002 -2.7 -3.5 94% -6 76.43 0.0
25 10:55 S 9 3.22 Fog/Mist OVC002 -3 -3.9 94% -6 76.48 0.0
25 10:35 SE 7 2.41 Fog/Mist OVC002 -3.2 -4.1 94% -6 76.45 0.0
25 10:15 S 7 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 -3.3 -4.3 93% -6 76.48 0.0
25 09:55 S 7 1.61 Fog/Mist OVC002 -3.5 -4.4 94% -6 76.48 0.0
25 09:35 S 7 1.61 Fog/Mist OVC002 -3.7 -4.7 93% -6 76.48 0.0
25 09:15 S 6 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.9 -5 92% 76.48 0.0
25 08:55 S 9 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 -4 -5 93% -7 76.48 0.0
25 08:35 S 7 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -4.1 -5.1 93% -7 76.48 0.0
25 08:15 S 7 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 -4.2 -5.3 92% -7 76.45 0.0
25 07:55 S 9 1.61 Unknown Precip OVC002 -4.1 -5.1 93% -8 76.45 0.0
25 07:35 SE 11 1.21 Unknown Precip OVC002 -4.4 -5.5 92% -8 76.43 0.0
25 07:15 SE 13 1.61 Unknown Precip OVC002 -4.5 -5.5 93% -9 76.43 0.0
25 06:55 S 11 1.21 Light Snow OVC002 -4.2 -5.3 92% -8 76.43 0.0
25 06:35 S 9 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -4.2 -5.3 92% -8 76.43 0.0
25 06:15 SE 11 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -4.1 -5.2 92% -8 76.43 0.0
25 05:55 SE 11 0.80 Unknown Precip OVC002 -4 -5 -2.6 -4.1 93% -8 76.43 0.0
25 05:35 SE 13 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.7 -4.8 92% -8 76.43 0.0
25 05:15 SE 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.6 -4.6 93% -7 76.43 0.0
25 04:55 S 13 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.5 -4.5 93% -8 76.45 0.0
25 04:35 SE 9 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.6 -4.6 93% -7 76.45 0.0
25 04:15 SE 13 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.8 -4.8 93% -8 76.45 0.0
25 03:55 S 13 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.6 -4.7 92% -8 76.48 0.0
25 03:35 S 11 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.7 -4.8 92% -8 76.48 0.0
25 03:15 S 9 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.3 -4.3 93% -7 76.48 0.0
25 02:55 SE 7 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.2 -4.1 94% -6 76.48 0.0
25 02:35 SE 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.2 -4.1 94% -6 76.5 0.0
25 02:15 SE 11 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.8 -3.7 94% -7 76.53 0.0
25 01:55 S 13 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3 -4 93% -7 76.53 0.0
25 01:35 SE 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.8 -3.7 94% -6 76.53 0.0
25 01:15 S 13 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.7 -3.6 94% -7 76.53 0.0
25 00:55 S 11 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.8 -3.7 94% -7 76.53 0.0
25 00:35 SE 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.6 -3.4 94% -5 76.53 0.0
25 00:15 SE 11 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.7 -3.6 94% -6 76.58 0.0
24 23:55 S 13 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.5 -3.3 -1.1 -2.5 94% -7 76.58 0.0
24 23:35 S 9 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.3 -3.1 94% -5 76.58 0.0
24 23:15 S 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.2 -3 94% -5 76.58 0.0
24 22:55 SE 11 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.2 -3 94% -6 76.58 0.0
24 22:35 S 11 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2 -2.8 94% -6 76.58 0.0
24 22:15 SE 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.7 -2.5 94% -4 76.61 0.0
24 21:55 S 7 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.7 -2.5 94% -4 76.61 0.0
24 21:35 SE 11 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.5 -2.2 95% -5 76.63 0.0
24 21:15 S 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.5 -2.1 96% -4 76.63 0.0
24 20:55 SE 9 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.3 -2 95% -4 76.66 0.0
24 20:35 S 11 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.4 -2.1 95% -5 76.66 0.0
24 20:15 SE 11 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.3 -2 95% -5 76.66 0.0
24 19:55 SE 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.4 -2 96% -4 76.68 0.0
24 19:35 S 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.5 -2.1 96% -4 76.71 0.0
24 19:15 SE 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.5 -2.1 96% -4 76.71 0.0
24 18:55 S 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.5 -2.1 96% -4 76.71 0.0
24 18:35 S 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.2 -2 94% -4 76.68 0.0
24 18:15 SE 9 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.2 -2 94% -4 76.68 0.0
24 17:55 S 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1 -1.7 0 -1.1 95% -3 76.68 0.0
24 17:35 S 7 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.1 -1.8 95% -3 76.71 0.0
24 17:15 SE 7 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -0.7 -1.4 95% -3 76.71 0.0
24 16:55 SE 7 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -0.7 -1.4 95% -3 76.68 0.0
24 16:35 SE 7 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 -0.3 -1 95% -3 76.68 0.0
24 16:15 SE 9 1.61 Fog/Mist OVC002 -0.2 -0.9 95% -3 76.68 0.0
24 15:55 SE 9 4.83 Fog/Mist OVC002 0 -0.6 96% -3 76.68 0.0
24 15:35 S 6 6.44 Fog/Mist OVC002 0 -0.3 98% 76.71 0.0
24 15:15 S 6 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC002 0 -0.5 96% 76.71 0.0
24 14:55 S 7 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC002 0 -0.5 96% -2 76.71 0.0
24 14:35 S 6 4.83 Fog/Mist OVC002 0 -0.5 96% 76.71 0.0
24 14:15 S 6 2.41 Fog/Mist OVC002 0 -0.6 96% 76.71 0.0
24 13:55 S 6 3.22 Fog/Mist OVC002 -0.1 -0.7 96% 76.76 0.0
24 13:35 S 7 2.01 Fog/Mist OVC002 -0.5 -1.1 96% -3 76.78 0.0
24 13:15 S 6 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -0.4 -1 96% 76.81 0.0
24 12:55 S 7 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 -0.5 -1.1 96% -3 76.84 0.0
24 12:35 S 9 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -0.5 -1.2 95% -3 76.86 0.0
24 12:15 S 6 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -0.6 -1.3 95% 76.89 0.0
24 11:55 S 11 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -0.6 -1.3 -0.6 -3.2 95% -4 76.91 0.0
24 11:35 S 11 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -0.7 -1.5 94% -4 76.91 0.0
24 11:15 S 7 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -0.7 -1.3 96% -3 76.91 0.0
24 10:55 S 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1 -1.6 96% -3 76.91 0.0
24 10:35 S 6 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.4 -2.1 95% 76.94 0.0
24 10:15 SE 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.2 -2 94% -4 76.89 0.0
24 09:55 S 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.5 -2.1 96% -4 76.91 0.0
24 09:35 S 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.5 -2.3 94% -4 76.86 0.0
24 09:15 SE 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.8 -2.6 94% -5 76.86 0.0
24 08:55 SE 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -1.9 -2.7 94% -5 76.89 0.0
24 08:35 S 7 0.24 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2 -2.7 95% -4 76.89 0.0
24 08:15 SE 6 0.24 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2 -2.8 94% 76.86 0.0
24 07:55 SE 9 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.2 -3 94% -5 76.86 0.0
24 07:35 SE 7 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.2 -3 94% -5 76.86 0.0
24 07:15 SE 9 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.2 -3 94% -5 76.86 0.0
24 06:55 SE 7 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.4 -3.2 94% -5 76.86 0.0
24 06:35 SE 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.7 -3.5 94% -5 76.86 0.0
24 06:15 SE 7 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.8 -3.6 94% -5 76.86 0.0
24 05:55 SE 6 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.4 -4.1 -2.8 -3.9 95% 76.86 0.0
24 05:35 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.7 -4.5 94% 76.89 0.0
24 05:15 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.8 -4.7 94% 76.89 0.0
24 04:55 SE 6 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.6 -4.6 93% 76.89 0.0
24 04:35 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.3 -4.1 94% 76.86 0.0
24 04:15 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.6 -4.5 94% 76.89 0.0
24 03:55 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.6 -4.5 94% 76.89 0.0
24 03:35 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.7 -4.5 94% 76.89 0.0
24 03:15 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.7 -4.5 94% 76.91 0.0
24 02:55 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.8 -4.6 94% 76.91 0.0
24 02:35 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.8 -4.5 95% 76.89 0.0
24 02:15 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.7 -4.5 94% 76.89 0.0
24 01:55 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.5 -4.3 94% 76.89 0.0
24 01:35 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.4 -4 96% 76.89 0.0
24 01:15 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.5 -4 96% 76.89 0.0
24 00:55 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.3 -4 95% 76.89 0.0
24 00:35 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.1 -3.7 96% 76.89 0.0
24 00:15 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -3.1 -3.7 96% 76.89 0.0
23 23:55 Calm 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.8 -3.5 1.1 -6 95% 76.91 0.0
23 23:35 E 6 0.80 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.9 -3.6 95% 76.91 0.0
23 23:15 E 7 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 -2.7 -3.5 94% -5 76.89 0.0
23 22:55 NE 6 1.21 Fog/Mist OVC002 -3 -3.6 96% 76.89 0.0
23 22:35 Calm 11.27 Overcast OVC004 -5.6 -7.1 89% 76.89 0.0
23 22:15 E 6 4.83 Fog/Mist SCT004 -2.6 -3.3 95% 76.86 0.0
23 21:55 Calm 6.44 Fog/Mist CLR -5.3 -6.8 89% 76.84 0.0
23 21:35 Calm 8.05 Fog/Mist CLR -2.9 -4 92% 76.81 0.0
23 21:15 Calm 11.27 Fair CLR -2.6 -3.9 91% 76.81 0.0
23 20:55 Calm 11.27 Fair CLR -1.7 -3.4 88% 76.78 0.0
23 20:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -1.4 -3.3 87% 76.76 0.0
23 20:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -0.2 -2.7 83% 76.76 0.0
23 19:55 NE 6 16.09 Fair CLR -0.7 -3.8 80% 76.73 0.0
23 19:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -0.7 -4.3 77% 76.71 0.0
23 19:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -0.7 -4.5 76% 76.68 0.0
23 18:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -0.4 -4.6 74% 76.68 0.0
23 18:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -0.4 -4.9 72% 76.66 0.0
23 18:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 1.1 -3.9 70% 76.63 0.0
23 17:55 NE 6 16.09 Fair CLR 2.8 -3.4 12.1 2.8 64% 76.61 0.0
23 17:35 N 9 16.09 Fair CLR 4.5 -2.9 59% 3 76.58 0.0
23 17:15 N 9 16.09 Fair CLR 4.9 -3.1 57% 3 76.58 0.0
23 16:55 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR 7.4 -2.6 49% 76.58 0.0
23 16:35 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR 9.3 -2.1 45% 9 76.53 0.0
23 16:15 N 11 16.09 Fair CLR 10.2 -2.1 42% 76.53 0.0
23 15:55 N 9 16.09 Fair CLR 10.9 -2.1 41% 76.5 0.0
23 15:35 N 13 16.09 Fair CLR 11.2 -2.1 40% 76.48 0.0
23 15:15 N 17 16.09 Fair CLR 11.5 -2.2 39% 76.48 0.0
23 14:55 N 11 16.09 Fair CLR 11.9 -2.2 38% 76.45 0.0
23 14:35 NW 17 16.09 Fair CLR 12 -2.2 37% 76.43 0.0
23 13:55 N 15 16.09 Fair CLR 12 -2.2 37% 76.43 0.0
23 13:35 N 17 16.09 Fair CLR 11.8 -1.5 40% 76.43 0.0
Date Time (cst) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºC) Pressure Precipitation (cm)