Weather observations for the past three days for
Farmville
Metric (Imperial)
Date Time (edt) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºC) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) Pressure Precipitation (cm)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
25 13:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT010 OVC019 22.9 20.8 22.9 19.6 88% 76.43 0.0 0.1
25 13:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC010 22.2 20.6 91% 76.43 0.0
25 12:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC012 22 20.3 90% 76.43 0.0
25 12:35 S 6 16.09 Overcast BKN010 OVC014 21.2 20.4 95% 76.45 0.0
25 12:15 SE 6 16.09 Overcast SCT009 OVC014 21.5 20.4 93% 76.45 0.0
25 11:55 S 7 16.09 Overcast BKN010 BKN013 OVC017 22 20.7 92% 76.48 0.0
25 11:35 E 6 16.09 Overcast BKN008 BKN016 OVC022 22.3 20.5 90% 76.48 0.0
25 11:15 E 6 16.09 Overcast BKN008 BKN015 OVC021 21.7 20.5 93% 76.48 0.0
25 10:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC008 21 20.2 95% 76.48 0.0 0.1
25 10:35 NE 9 16.09 Overcast BKN008 OVC015 21.3 20.1 93% 76.48 0.0
25 10:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT006 OVC013 21 20.4 96% 76.48 0.0
25 09:55 N 7 16.09 Overcast BKN006 OVC013 20.3 20.2 99% 76.5 0.0
25 09:35 N 7 16.09 Overcast OVC004 20.2 20.1 99% 76.5 0.0
25 09:15 N 7 16.09 Overcast OVC004 20 20 100% 76.5 0.0
25 08:55 NE 6 8.05 Drizzle OVC004 19.6 19.6 100% 76.5 0.0 0.1
25 08:35 N 7 4.83 Drizzle OVC004 19.7 19.7 100% 76.5 0.0 0.08
25 08:15 N 6 4.83 Heavy Drizzle OVC004 19.8 19.8 100% 76.5 0.0 0.03
25 07:55 NE 7 4.83 Heavy Drizzle OVC006 19.7 19.7 20.4 19.5 100% 76.5 0.0 0.05 0.28
25 07:35 Calm 8.05 Heavy Drizzle SCT004 BKN008 OVC017 19.6 19.6 100% 76.48 0.0
25 07:15 N 6 6.44 Light Drizzle BKN017 OVC047 19.5 19.5 100% 76.48 0.0
25 06:55 N 7 8.05 Drizzle SCT008 SCT030 OVC047 19.5 19.5 100% 76.48 0.0 0.08
25 06:35 N 6 11.27 Rain SCT008 BKN036 OVC047 19.7 19.7 100% 76.48 0.0 0.08
25 06:15 Calm 11.27 Light Rain SCT020 BKN041 OVC049 19.9 19.9 100% 76.48 0.0 0.05
25 05:55 Calm 16.09 Light Rain SCT006 SCT011 OVC047 20 20 100% 76.45 0.0 0.03
25 05:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC006 19.9 19.9 100% 76.45 0.0
25 05:15 Calm 11.27 Overcast BKN006 OVC026 19.8 19.8 100% 76.45 0.0
25 04:55 Calm 11.27 Drizzle SCT006 BKN026 OVC070 19.9 19.9 100% 76.45 0.0 0.05 0.13
25 04:35 Calm 11.27 Drizzle BKN006 BKN039 OVC085 20 20 100% 76.45 0.0 0.03
25 04:15 Calm 8.05 Drizzle SCT010 BKN021 OVC070 20 20 100% 76.45 0.0 0.03
25 03:55 NE 6 8.05 Light Rain SCT004 BKN013 OVC019 20 20 100% 76.45 0.0 0.08
25 03:35 NE 6 6.44 Drizzle BKN004 OVC021 20 20 100% 76.48 0.0 0.05
25 03:15 N 6 6.44 Heavy Drizzle BKN004 BKN018 OVC023 20 20 100% 76.48 0.0 0.03
25 02:55 N 7 16.09 Light Rain OVC004 20.2 20.2 100% 76.48 0.0
25 02:35 NE 9 16.09 Overcast OVC004 20.3 20.3 100% 76.48 0.0
25 02:15 NE 9 11.27 Overcast OVC004 20.3 20.3 100% 76.48 0.0
25 01:55 N 9 16.09 Overcast OVC004 20.2 20.2 23.4 20.2 100% 76.5 0.0 0.05
25 01:35 N 7 16.09 Overcast OVC004 20.3 20.3 100% 76.53 0.0
25 01:15 NE 9 16.09 Overcast SCT004 OVC023 20.5 20.5 100% 76.53 0.0
25 00:55 N 9 16.09 Overcast SCT004 OVC023 20.5 20.5 100% 76.56 0.0
25 00:35 N 7 16.09 Overcast SCT004 OVC023 20.5 20.5 100% 76.53 0.0
25 00:15 N 7 16.09 Overcast OVC023 20.5 20.5 100% 76.53 0.0
24 23:55 N 7 11.27 Light Drizzle SCT005 BKN018 OVC024 21 21 100% 76.56 0.0
24 23:35 Calm 11.27 Light Drizzle OVC016 21 21 100% 76.56 0.0
24 23:15 Calm 16.09 Light Rain OVC016 21 21 100% 76.56 0.0
24 22:55 Calm 11.27 Overcast OVC019 20.9 20.9 100% 76.56 0.0 0.03 0.05
24 22:35 Calm 11.27 Light Rain BKN021 BKN039 OVC048 21 21 100% 76.58 0.0 0.03
24 22:15 Calm 8.05 Rain SCT038 OVC048 21 21 100% 76.56 0.0 0.03
24 21:55 Calm 11.27 Heavy Drizzle BKN038 BKN048 OVC065 21.5 21.1 98% 76.56 0.0 0.03
24 21:35 Calm 16.09 Drizzle BKN044 OVC065 21.6 21.1 97% 76.53 0.0
24 21:15 Calm 16.09 Drizzle BKN065 OVC075 22.1 21.5 96% 76.53 0.0
24 20:55 Calm 16.09 Light Rain SCT040 SCT050 OVC075 22 21.2 95% 76.53 0.0
24 20:35 Calm 16.09 Light Rain BKN040 OVC060 22.9 21.5 92% 76.5 0.0
24 20:15 Calm 16.09 Light Drizzle OVC042 23.3 21.1 88% 76.5 0.0
24 19:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC044 23.7 21.3 86% 76.48 0.0
24 18:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC046 23.1 21.3 90% 76.48 0.0
24 18:35 Calm 16.09 Light Rain OVC050 24 21.3 85% 24 76.48 0.0
24 18:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 25.1 20.3 75% 26 76.48 0.0
24 17:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 25.6 21 76% 27 76.48 0.0
24 17:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 26 20.4 71% 27 76.5 0.0
24 17:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 26.8 19.8 66% 28 76.48 0.0
24 16:55 NE 6 16.09 Overcast OVC055 27 20 66% 29 76.48 0.0
24 16:35 NE 7 16.09 Overcast OVC055 27.1 19.5 63% 28 76.5 0.0
24 16:15 E 7 16.09 Overcast BKN055 OVC065 27.6 19.4 61% 29 76.5 0.0
24 15:55 E 7 16.09 Overcast OVC055 28.1 19.6 60% 30 76.5 0.0
24 15:35 NE 9 16.09 Overcast OVC055 28.3 19.7 60% 30 76.5 0.0
24 15:15 E 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN055 BKN080 28.3 19.7 60% 30 76.53 0.0
24 14:55 E 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT080 27.9 19.6 61% 29 76.53 0.0
24 14:35 NE 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT080 28.2 19.4 59% 30 76.53 0.0
24 14:15 NE 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 SCT090 28.2 19.4 59% 30 76.56 0.0
24 13:55 E 11 16.09 Overcast BKN070 OVC090 28.2 19.9 28.2 21.1 61% 30 76.56 0.0
24 13:35 NE 11 16.09 Overcast BKN070 OVC080 27.3 19.8 64% 29 76.61 0.0
24 12:55 E 15 16.09 Overcast SCT033 BKN070 OVC080 27.2 20.1 65% 29 76.61 0.0
24 12:35 NE 13 16.09 Overcast BKN033 OVC070 26.3 19.8 68% 28 76.63 0.0
24 12:15 NE 15 16.09 Overcast BKN033 OVC065 26 19.8 69% 27 76.66 0.0
24 11:55 NE 9 16.09 Overcast OVC065 27.2 19.5 63% 29 76.66 0.0
24 11:35 E 7 16.09 Overcast OVC065 26.5 18.6 62% 28 76.66 0.0
24 11:15 E 9 16.09 Overcast SCT032 OVC065 26.6 18.6 62% 28 76.66 0.0
24 10:55 E 9 16.09 Overcast OVC065 26.1 19.9 69% 27 76.66 0.0
24 10:35 E 11 16.09 Overcast OVC065 25.4 20.3 73% 27 76.66 0.0
24 10:15 NE 7 16.09 Overcast SCT030 OVC055 24.5 20.6 79% 25 76.68 0.0
24 09:55 NE 9 16.09 Overcast SCT030 OVC055 23.8 20.8 83% 76.68 0.0
24 09:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC055 22.9 20.7 87% 76.71 0.0
24 09:15 NE 7 16.09 Overcast SCT021 OVC055 22.5 20.7 90% 76.68 0.0
24 08:55 N 7 16.09 Overcast SCT016 BKN021 OVC055 22 20.6 92% 76.68 0.0
24 08:35 NE 7 16.09 Overcast SCT014 SCT020 OVC055 21.8 20.5 92% 76.68 0.0
24 08:15 N 9 16.09 Overcast OVC055 21.5 20.5 94% 76.66 0.0
24 07:55 NE 7 16.09 Overcast SCT018 OVC055 21.1 20.3 21.1 20.2 95% 76.66 0.0
24 07:35 N 6 16.09 Overcast OVC055 21 20.3 96% 76.66 0.0
24 07:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC055 20.7 20.2 97% 76.66 0.0
24 06:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC055 20.6 20 96% 76.66 0.0
24 06:35 N 6 16.09 Overcast OVC055 20.5 20 97% 76.66 0.0
24 06:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC055 20.2 19.9 98% 76.63 0.0
24 05:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN055 OVC090 20.2 19.8 98% 76.61 0.0
24 05:35 N 6 16.09 Overcast SCT055 SCT090 OVC110 20.3 19.9 98% 76.61 0.0
24 05:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT055 SCT070 OVC110 20.5 20 97% 76.61 0.0
24 04:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN055 BKN070 OVC110 20.5 20.1 98% 76.61 0.0
24 04:35 N 6 16.09 Overcast SCT055 SCT085 OVC110 20.6 20.1 97% 76.58 0.0
24 04:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT055 SCT075 OVC100 20.7 20.2 97% 76.61 0.0
24 03:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN055 BKN075 OVC100 20.7 20.3 98% 76.61 0.0
24 03:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 21 20 94% 76.58 0.0
24 03:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 20.7 20 96% 76.58 0.0
24 02:55 N 6 16.09 Overcast OVC050 20.7 20.2 97% 76.58 0.0
24 02:35 NW 6 16.09 Overcast SCT050 BKN065 OVC100 20.6 20.4 99% 76.61 0.0
24 02:15 N 7 16.09 Overcast BKN050 BKN075 OVC100 20.6 20.5 99% 76.58 0.0
24 01:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 20.9 20.5 23.1 20 98% 76.61 0.0
24 01:35 N 6 16.09 Overcast OVC050 21 20.5 97% 76.63 0.0
24 01:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC055 21.1 20 93% 76.63 0.0
24 00:55 N 6 16.09 Overcast OVC055 21 20.2 95% 76.63 0.0
24 00:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC055 20.6 20.4 99% 76.63 0.0
24 00:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC055 20.1 20.1 100% 76.66 0.0
23 23:55 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN055 20.1 19.7 98% 76.66 0.0
23 23:35 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT075 20.3 20 98% 76.63 0.0
23 23:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT055 BKN075 OVC085 20.4 20 98% 76.63 0.0
23 22:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN055 BKN070 OVC085 21.1 20.1 94% 76.63 0.0
23 22:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN055 OVC070 21.1 20.1 94% 76.63 0.0
23 22:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC055 21.3 20.1 93% 76.63 0.0
23 21:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC055 21.6 20.7 95% 76.61 0.0
23 21:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC055 21.6 20 91% 76.58 0.0
23 21:15 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN055 21.1 19.5 91% 76.58 0.0
23 20:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 22 19.6 86% 76.56 0.0
23 20:35 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN055 22.5 19.5 83% 76.56 0.0
23 20:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT055 22.8 20.1 85% 76.53 0.0
23 19:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 23.2 19.8 27.4 23.2 81% 76.53 0.0
23 19:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 25.4 19.4 69% 26 76.53 0.0
23 19:15 E 6 16.09 Fair CLR 26 18.9 65% 27 76.53 0.0
23 18:55 E 7 16.09 Fair CLR 27.1 19 61% 28 76.53 0.0
23 18:35 NE 9 16.09 Fair CLR 27 18.9 61% 28 76.53 0.0
23 18:15 NE 7 16.09 Fair CLR 26.7 18.9 62% 28 76.56 0.0
23 17:55 NE 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT055 27.3 19.2 61% 29 76.56 0.0
23 17:35 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT037 BKN055 26.9 18.4 60% 28 76.58 0.0
23 17:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT037 OVC055 26.7 19 63% 28 76.58 0.0
23 16:55 E 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN055 27 18.4 59% 28 76.58 0.0
23 16:35 E 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT040 SCT050 BKN060 26.7 18.6 61% 28 76.56 0.0
23 16:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN040 OVC050 26.5 18.7 62% 28 76.58 0.0
23 15:55 SE 6 16.09 Overcast SCT040 OVC050 26 18.1 62% 27 76.58 0.0
23 15:35 E 7 16.09 Overcast OVC050 26.3 18.3 62% 27 76.56 0.0
23 15:15 E 6 16.09 Overcast OVC050 26 17.9 61% 27 76.56 0.0
23 14:55 E 6 16.09 Overcast OVC050 25.8 17.4 60% 27 76.56 0.0
23 14:35 E 11 16.09 Overcast OVC050 26.3 17.2 57% 27 76.56 0.0
23 14:15 NE 17 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN050 BKN070 25.5 16.8 59% 26 76.56 0.0
23 13:55 N 15 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT050 SCT070 26.3 17.2 27.1 21.1 57% 27 76.56 0.0
23 13:35 NE 15 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN050 25.6 16.9 59% 26 76.56 0.0
23 13:15 NE 19 G 28 16.09 Overcast OVC050 26.1 17 57% 27 76.56 0.0
23 12:55 NE 15 16.09 Overcast OVC048 24.7 15.9 58% 26 76.58 0.0
23 12:35 N 15 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN048 BKN070 24.8 15.7 57% 26 76.58 0.0
23 12:15 NE 19 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 24.7 15.9 58% 26 76.58 0.0
23 11:55 NE 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT046 24.6 17 63% 26 76.58 0.0
23 11:35 N 17 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN046 24 16.5 63% 25 76.58 0.0
23 11:15 NE 17 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN046 24 16.7 64% 25 76.56 0.0
23 10:55 NE 17 16.09 Overcast OVC046 23.7 16.7 65% 76.56 0.0
23 10:35 NE 17 G 28 16.09 Overcast OVC046 23.9 16.8 65% 25 76.56 0.0
23 10:15 NE 17 16.09 Overcast OVC046 23.2 16.9 68% 76.53 0.0
23 09:55 NE 17 16.09 Overcast OVC044 22.6 16.8 70% 76.53 0.0
23 09:35 N 17 16.09 Overcast OVC044 22.4 16.6 70% 76.53 0.0
23 09:15 NE 17 G 26 16.09 Overcast OVC044 22 16.5 71% 76.53 0.0
23 08:55 NE 15 16.09 Overcast OVC042 21.7 16.4 72% 76.53 0.0
23 08:35 N 19 16.09 Overcast OVC042 21.5 16.5 73% 76.5 0.0
23 08:15 N 11 16.09 Overcast OVC040 21.2 16.8 76% 76.48 0.0
23 07:55 N 9 16.09 Overcast OVC040 21.1 16.9 23.5 20.8 77% 76.48 0.0
23 07:15 N 11 16.09 Overcast OVC040 21 16.9 78% 76.43 0.0
23 06:55 NE 7 16.09 Overcast OVC040 21 16.8 77% 76.43 0.0
23 06:35 N 13 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT042 SCT080 BKN100 21.2 16.6 75% 76.4 0.0
23 06:15 N 13 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN080 BKN120 21.1 17 78% 76.35 0.0
23 05:55 N 11 16.09 Overcast SCT043 OVC080 21.5 17.3 77% 76.33 0.0
23 05:35 NE 11 16.09 Overcast OVC043 21.4 17.9 81% 76.3 0.0
23 05:15 N 13 16.09 Overcast OVC041 21.7 18 80% 76.3 0.0
23 04:55 NE 11 16.09 Overcast OVC039 21.9 18.9 83% 76.28 0.0
23 04:35 N 11 16.09 Overcast OVC035 22 20 88% 76.25 0.0
23 04:15 N 17 G 28 16.09 Overcast OVC033 22.4 19.9 86% 76.23 0.0
23 03:55 N 9 16.09 Overcast OVC029 23 22.1 95% 76.2 0.0
23 03:35 N 9 16.09 Overcast OVC027 23.2 22.7 97% 76.2 0.0
23 03:15 NE 11 16.09 Overcast SCT014 BKN021 OVC025 23.5 23.5 100% 76.17 0.0
23 02:55 N 6 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC016 23.5 23.5 100% 76.17 0.0
23 02:35 Calm 8.05 Fog/Mist BKN018 OVC090 23.4 23.4 100% 76.15 0.0
23 02:15 Calm 8.05 Fog/Mist SCT003 SCT020 OVC090 23.4 23.4 100% 76.12 0.0
23 01:55 Calm 11.27 Overcast SCT003 SCT048 OVC100 23.4 23.4 24.1 22.6 100% 76.1 0.0
23 01:35 S 6 11.27 Light Rain SCT080 OVC090 23.5 23.5 100% 76.12 0.0
23 01:15 Calm 11.27 Overcast OVC080 23.2 23.2 100% 76.15 0.0
23 00:55 SW 6 11.27 Overcast OVC080 23.2 23.2 100% 76.12 0.0
23 00:35 Calm 11.27 Overcast OVC080 23.1 23.1 100% 76.1 0.0
23 00:15 Calm 11.27 Overcast BKN080 OVC100 23.1 23.1 100% 76.1 0.0
22 23:35 S 6 8.05 Fog/Mist OVC110 23 23 100% 76.07 0.0
22 23:15 Calm 11.27 Mostly Cloudy BKN120 23 23 100% 76.07 0.0
22 22:55 Calm 4.83 Fog/Mist SCT002 SCT110 22.6 22.6 100% 76.07 0.0
22 22:35 Calm 0.80 Fog BKN002 22.6 22.6 100% 76.07 0.0
22 22:15 Calm 4.83 Fog/Mist CLR 22.8 22.8 100% 76.07 0.0
22 21:55 Calm 6.44 Fog/Mist CLR 22.9 22.9 100% 76.05 0.0
22 21:35 Calm 11.27 Fair CLR 23.2 23.2 100% 76.02 0.0
22 21:15 Calm 11.27 Partly Cloudy SCT100 23.2 23.2 100% 76.02 0.0
22 20:55 SW 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT007 SCT100 23.5 23.5 100% 76 0.0
22 20:35 SW 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT007 SCT110 23.6 23.6 100% 76 0.0
22 20:15 S 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT007 SCT120 23.8 23.8 100% 75.97 0.0
22 19:55 S 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT110 24.1 24 27 24 99% 23 75.97 0.0 0.05 0.13
22 19:35 SW 7 16.09 Light Rain OVC100 24.1 24 99% 23 75.97 0.0 0.03
22 19:15 S 13 11.27 Light Rain SCT070 OVC100 24.3 24.1 99% 23 75.95 0.0 0.03
22 18:55 SW 7 16.09 Light Rain SCT070 OVC100 24.5 24.4 99% 24 75.95 0.0 0.05
22 18:35 S 7 16.09 Rain SCT060 OVC100 24.6 24.3 98% 24 75.92 0.0 0.03
22 18:15 SW 6 16.09 Light Rain SCT070 OVC100 24.7 24.2 97% 25 75.95 0.0 0.03
22 17:55 S 13 16.09 Overcast OVC100 25.1 24 94% 26 75.92 0.0
22 17:35 SW 19 G 28 16.09 Light Rain SCT012 SCT042 OVC100 25.5 24.2 93% 27 75.95 0.0
22 17:15 S 17 16.09 Overcast SCT012 SCT041 OVC095 25.7 24.3 92% 27 75.92 0.0
22 16:55 SW 13 G 31 16.09 Overcast BKN012 SCT055 OVC095 26.1 24.5 91% 28 75.92 0.0
22 16:35 SW 15 G 28 16.09 Light Rain BKN012 BKN095 OVC110 26.2 24.7 91% 29 75.9 0.0
22 16:15 S 11 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT010 BKN120 26.2 24.8 92% 29 75.9 0.0
22 15:55 S 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 26.3 24.8 91% 29 75.9 0.0
22 15:35 SW 15 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT009 26.6 24.9 90% 30 75.92 0.0
22 15:15 SW 17 16.09 Overcast OVC009 26.3 24.9 92% 29 75.95 0.0
22 14:55 SW 13 16.09 Light Rain OVC009 26.2 25.4 95% 29 75.95 0.0
22 14:35 S 15 16.09 Overcast OVC009 26.7 26.2 97% 31 75.95 0.0
22 14:15 SW 13 16.09 Light Rain BKN009 BKN031 OVC110 26.8 26.3 97% 31 75.92 0.0
Date Time (edt) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºC) Pressure Precipitation (cm)