Weather observations for the past three days for
Tullahoma Regional Airport/William Northern Field
Metric (Imperial)
Date Time (cdt) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºC) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) Pressure Precipitation (cm)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
19 00:15 Calm 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW043 2 -1 81% 76.68 0.0
18 23:55 Calm 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW044 FEW050 2 -1 81% 76.68 0.0
18 23:35 Calm 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW044 2 -2 75% 76.68 0.0
18 23:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -2 65% 76.68 0.0
18 22:55 Calm 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW047 4 -1 70% 76.66 0.0
18 22:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -2 65% 76.66 0.0
18 22:15 Calm 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW040 FEW047 4 -2 65% 76.66 0.0
18 21:55 SE 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT040 SCT048 5 -2 61% 76.66 0.0
18 21:35 Calm 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW040 7 -2 53% 76.66 0.0
18 21:15 SE 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy FEW037 SCT043 8 -3 46% 7 76.63 0.0
18 20:55 SE 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT038 SCT043 9 -3 43% 8 76.63 0.0
18 20:35 SE 7 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW040 FEW050 9 -3 43% 8 76.61 0.0
18 20:15 S 9 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW033 FEW043 FEW055 9 -3 43% 8 76.58 0.0
18 19:55 S 7 16.09 Fair CLR 10 -3 40% 9 76.58 0.0
18 19:35 S 7 16.09 Fair CLR 10 -3 40% 9 76.58 0.0
18 19:15 S 7 16.09 Fair CLR 9 -3 43% 8 76.56 0.0
18 18:55 S 11 16.09 Fair CLR 10 -3 40% 9 76.56 0.0
18 18:35 S 17 16.09 Fair CLR 11 -3 38% 76.56 0.0
18 18:15 S 15 G 24 16.09 Fair CLR 12 -3 35% 76.56 0.0
18 17:55 S 15 G 26 16.09 Fair CLR 12 -3 35% 76.56 0.0
18 17:35 S 17 G 26 16.09 Fair CLR 12 -2 38% 76.58 0.0
18 17:15 S 13 G 26 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW100 12 -2 38% 76.58 0.0
18 16:55 S 15 G 26 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW100 12 -2 38% 76.61 0.0
18 16:35 S 17 G 30 16.09 Fair CLR 11 -3 38% 76.61 0.0
18 16:15 SW 15 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT100 12 -2 38% 76.61 0.0
18 15:55 S 13 G 26 16.09 Overcast OVC100 11 -1 44% 76.61 0.0
18 15:35 S 13 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN095 10 -1 47% 8 76.61 0.0
18 15:15 S 19 G 28 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW060 10 0 50% 8 76.61 0.0
18 14:55 S 13 G 22 12.87 Partly Cloudy FEW048 SCT060 8 0 57% 6 76.63 0.0
18 14:35 S 9 G 20 16.09 Overcast BKN049 BKN055 OVC065 9 -3 43% 8 76.68 0.0
18 14:15 S 15 G 28 14.48 Mostly Cloudy BKN050 10 -2 43% 8 76.68 0.0
18 13:55 S 17 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT047 SCT065 9 -4 40% 7 76.73 0.0
18 13:35 S 13 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW044 10 -5 35% 8 76.76 0.0
18 13:15 S 11 G 24 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN042 10 -4 37% 9 76.78 0.0
18 12:55 SW 13 16.09 Fair CLR 10 -5 35% 8 76.81 0.0
18 12:35 S 15 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW041 FEW065 9 -6 34% 7 76.84 0.0
18 12:15 S 17 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT044 8 -7 34% 6 76.86 0.0
18 11:50 S 17 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN044 7 -7 37% 4 76.86 0.0
18 11:35 SE 17 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT041 6 -7 39% 3 76.89 0.0
18 11:15 S 13 16.09 Mostly Cloudy FEW020 SCT026 BKN041 6 -6 42% 4 76.89 0.0
18 10:55 SE 15 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT027 BKN033 6 -7 39% 3 76.89 0.0
18 10:35 SW 15 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW024 FEW032 FEW065 6 -7 39% 3 76.94 0.0
18 10:15 S 11 G 26 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW065 FEW080 6 -9 34% 4 76.91 0.0
18 09:55 S 9 G 19 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN060 5 -8 39% 3 76.91 0.0
18 09:35 S 15 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN060 BKN070 4 -8 42% 1 76.91 0.0
18 09:15 S 11 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN070 4 -8 42% 2 76.89 0.0
18 08:55 S 13 16.09 Overcast FEW060 OVC070 3 -8 45% 0 76.86 0.0
18 08:30 S 9 16.09 Overcast OVC055 3 -8 45% 1 76.84 0.0
18 08:15 SE 9 16.09 Overcast OVC055 2 -9 44% -0 76.86 0.0
18 07:55 SE 9 16.09 Overcast BKN055 OVC070 2 -8 48% -0 76.84 0.0
18 07:35 SE 7 16.09 Overcast OVC065 2 -9 44% 0 76.84 0.0
18 07:15 S 7 16.09 Overcast OVC060 2 -8 48% 0 76.84 0.0
18 06:55 S 7 16.09 Overcast BKN055 OVC065 1 -8 51% -1 76.84 0.0
18 06:35 S 7 16.09 Overcast BKN055 OVC070 1 -9 48% -1 76.81 0.0
18 06:15 S 11 16.09 Overcast OVC060 1 -9 48% -2 76.81 0.0
18 05:55 S 9 16.09 Overcast BKN060 OVC075 1 -9 48% -2 76.78 0.0
18 05:35 S 7 16.09 Overcast OVC075 1 -9 48% -1 76.78 0.0
18 05:15 S 7 16.09 Overcast SCT055 BKN065 OVC075 1 -9 48% -1 76.76 0.0
18 04:55 SE 11 16.09 Overcast SCT055 BKN065 OVC075 1 -9 48% -2 76.73 0.0
18 04:35 SE 9 16.09 Overcast OVC070 1 -9 48% -2 76.76 0.0
18 04:15 SE 7 16.09 Overcast OVC070 1 -9 48% -1 76.78 0.0
18 03:55 SE 7 16.09 Overcast OVC060 1 -9 48% -1 76.78 0.0
18 03:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC060 1 -9 48% 76.78 0.0
18 03:15 SE 6 16.09 Overcast OVC060 1 -9 48% 76.78 0.0
18 02:55 SE 6 16.09 Overcast OVC060 1 -9 48% 76.76 0.0
18 02:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC060 0 -7 60% 76.78 0.0
18 02:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC065 0 -6 64% 76.78 0.0
18 01:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC070 0 -8 55% 76.78 0.0
18 01:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC070 0 -9 51% 76.76 0.0
18 01:15 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN075 BKN110 -1 -6 69% 76.76 0.0
18 00:55 Calm 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW120 -1 -8 59% 76.73 0.0
18 00:35 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 0 -11 44% 76.73 0.0
18 00:15 Calm 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW110 0 -10 47% 76.73 0.0
17 23:55 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN090 -1 -8 59% 76.76 0.0
17 23:35 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN090 -1 -8 59% 76.76 0.0
17 23:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -10 47% 76.76 0.0
17 22:55 SE 6 16.09 Fair CLR -2 -7 69% 76.76 0.0
17 22:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -8 59% 76.81 0.0
17 22:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -2 -8 64% 76.78 0.0
17 21:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -10 51% 76.76 0.0
17 21:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -8 59% 76.73 0.0
17 21:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -10 47% 76.71 0.0
17 20:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -8 59% 76.71 0.0
17 20:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -10 47% 76.73 0.0
17 20:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -11 44% 76.73 0.0
17 19:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 1 -14 32% 76.76 0.0
17 19:35 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -13 37% -2 76.76 0.0
17 19:15 N 9 16.09 Fair CLR 1 -14 32% -2 76.73 0.0
17 18:55 N 11 16.09 Fair CLR 1 -14 32% -2 76.76 0.0
17 18:35 N 15 16.09 Fair CLR 2 -15 27% -2 76.76 0.0
17 18:15 NW 15 G 26 16.09 Fair CLR 3 -15 26% -0 76.76 0.0
17 17:55 NW 13 G 22 16.09 Fair CLR 3 -14 28% 0 76.73 0.0
17 17:35 NW 19 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -15 24% 0 76.71 0.0
17 17:15 NW 19 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -14 26% 0 76.68 0.0
17 16:55 NW 19 G 28 16.09 Fair CLR 5 -14 24% 2 76.68 0.0
17 16:35 W 13 G 37 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -14 26% 1 76.68 0.0
17 16:15 W 17 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -14 26% 1 76.66 0.0
17 15:55 Vrbl 11 G 31 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -13 28% 2 76.68 0.0
17 15:35 NW 22 G 33 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -13 28% -0 76.66 0.0
17 15:15 NW 19 G 30 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -12 30% 0 76.66 0.0
17 14:55 NW 19 G 33 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -12 30% 0 76.68 0.0
17 14:35 NW 15 G 33 16.09 Fair CLR 4 -11 33% 1 76.68 0.0
17 14:15 W 20 16.09 Fair CLR 3 -12 33% -1 76.68 0.0
17 13:55 NW 19 G 30 16.09 Fair CLR 3 -12 33% -1 76.68 0.0
17 13:35 W 24 G 33 16.09 Fair CLR 3 -12 33% -2 76.73 0.0
17 13:15 W 22 G 35 16.09 Fair CLR 2 -12 35% -3 76.73 0.0
17 12:55 W 20 G 33 16.09 Fair CLR 2 -12 35% -2 76.73 0.0
17 12:35 W 17 G 37 16.09 Fair CLR 2 -13 32% -2 76.76 0.0
17 12:15 NW 17 G 30 16.09 Fair CLR 1 -12 38% -3 76.78 0.0
17 11:55 NW 26 16.09 Fair CLR 1 -12 38% -4 76.78 0.0
17 11:35 NW 17 G 31 16.09 Fair CLR 1 -12 38% -3 76.78 0.0
17 11:15 NW 20 G 30 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -12 40% -5 76.78 0.0
17 10:55 NW 19 G 30 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -12 40% -5 76.76 0.0
17 10:35 W 20 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -11 47% -6 76.76 0.0
17 10:15 W 17 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -11 47% -6 76.76 0.0
17 09:55 NW 15 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -11 47% -5 76.73 0.0
17 09:15 NW 17 16.09 Fair CLR -2 -10 55% -7 76.71 0.0
17 08:55 NW 19 16.09 Fair CLR -2 -10 55% -7 76.68 0.0
17 08:35 NW 20 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW028 -3 -10 59% -9 76.66 0.0
17 08:15 W 20 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN028 -3 -10 59% -9 76.66 0.0
17 07:35 W 24 16.09 A Few Clouds FEW028 -4 -9 69% -10 76.61 0.0
17 07:15 W 20 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT025 SCT029 -4 -8 74% -10 76.58 0.0
17 06:55 W 19 G 31 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 BKN030 -4 -8 74% -10 76.56 0.0
17 06:35 W 20 16.09 Overcast BKN026 OVC031 -3 -7 74% -9 76.53 0.0
17 06:15 W 17 16.09 Overcast BKN025 OVC031 -3 -6 80% -8 76.5 0.0
17 05:55 W 11 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -3 -6 80% -7 76.48 0.0
17 05:35 NW 15 16.09 Overcast FEW018 OVC024 -3 -6 80% -8 76.45 0.0
17 05:15 NW 15 16.09 Overcast FEW018 BKN023 OVC027 -3 -6 80% -8 76.43 0.0
17 04:55 W 13 16.09 Overcast SCT022 BKN027 OVC033 -3 -6 80% -7 76.4 0.0
17 04:35 NW 15 G 26 16.09 Mostly Cloudy FEW020 SCT024 BKN028 -2 -6 74% -6 76.4 0.0
17 04:15 W 9 16.09 Overcast FEW026 SCT033 OVC041 -2 -5 80% -5 76.38 0.0
17 03:55 NW 7 16.09 Overcast FEW028 SCT034 OVC043 -2 -5 80% -4 76.38 0.0
17 03:35 NW 6 16.09 Overcast SCT034 OVC043 -2 -5 80% 76.38 0.0
17 03:15 NW 6 16.09 Overcast SCT035 OVC045 -2 -6 74% 76.38 0.0
17 02:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT035 OVC046 -2 -6 74% 76.38 0.0
17 02:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast FEW037 OVC047 -2 -6 74% 76.35 0.0
17 02:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast FEW027 SCT039 OVC047 -2 -6 74% 76.35 0.0
17 01:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT035 BKN040 OVC047 -2 -7 69% 76.35 0.0
17 01:35 NW 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN036 BKN043 -3 -7 74% 76.35 0.0
17 01:15 NW 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy FEW025 SCT037 BKN045 -2 -7 69% -4 76.35 0.0
17 00:55 NW 13 16.09 Overcast FEW037 OVC046 -2 -7 69% -6 76.35 0.0
17 00:35 NW 11 16.09 Overcast FEW035 OVC046 -2 -7 69% -6 76.35 0.0
17 00:15 NW 11 16.09 Overcast OVC046 -2 -7 69% -6 76.35 0.0
16 23:55 NW 9 16.09 Overcast BKN044 OVC049 -2 -7 69% -5 76.35 0.0
16 23:35 NW 11 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN045 -2 -7 69% -6 76.35 0.0
16 23:15 NW 11 16.09 Mostly Cloudy FEW034 BKN043 BKN048 -2 -7 69% -6 76.33 0.0
16 22:55 NW 15 16.09 Overcast FEW035 OVC044 -1 -7 64% -5 76.33 0.0
16 22:35 NW 11 16.09 Overcast FEW035 BKN045 OVC050 -1 -6 69% -4 76.33 0.0
16 22:10 NW 11 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT038 BKN047 -1 -6 69% -4 76.33 0.0
16 21:55 NW 11 G 22 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT039 SCT048 -1 -6 69% -4 76.3 0.0
16 21:35 NW 15 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT028 BKN035 BKN041 -1 -7 64% -5 76.3 0.0
16 21:15 NW 15 G 31 16.09 Mostly Cloudy FEW024 SCT028 BKN041 -1 -7 64% -5 76.3 0.0
16 20:55 NW 17 16.09 Overcast BKN041 BKN047 OVC055 0 -7 60% -4 76.28 0.0
16 20:35 NW 19 16.09 Overcast SCT047 OVC060 0 -7 60% -5 76.28 0.0
16 20:15 W 20 16.09 Overcast OVC055 0 -7 60% -5 76.25 0.0
16 19:55 W 24 16.09 Overcast FEW047 OVC055 0 -7 60% -5 76.23 0.0
16 19:35 W 19 16.09 Overcast SCT048 OVC055 0 -7 60% -5 76.17 0.0
16 19:15 NW 13 16.09 Overcast BKN050 OVC055 0 -7 60% -4 76.15 0.0
16 18:55 NW 28 16.09 Overcast OVC050 0 -7 60% -6 76.12 0.0
16 18:35 NW 22 G 43 16.09 Overcast FEW044 OVC050 0 -7 60% -5 76.1 0.0
16 18:15 NW 20 G 37 16.09 Overcast FEW044 OVC050 1 -6 60% -4 76.05 0.0
16 17:55 NW 26 G 43 16.09 Overcast FEW039 FEW044 OVC055 1 -7 56% -4 76.02 0.0
16 17:35 NW 31 16.09 Overcast SCT040 BKN050 OVC060 1 -6 60% -5 76 0.0
16 17:10 W 26 G 39 16.09 Overcast FEW040 SCT050 OVC060 1 -6 60% -4 76 0.0
16 16:55 W 28 G 44 16.09 Overcast FEW037 BKN045 OVC055 1 -6 60% -5 75.97 0.0
16 16:35 W 31 G 46 16.09 Mostly Cloudy FEW034 SCT042 BKN049 1 -5 65% -5 75.95 0.0
16 16:15 NW 31 G 48 12.87 Overcast SCT035 BKN043 OVC055 1 -5 65% -5 75.92 0.0
16 15:55 W 30 G 39 16.09 Overcast SCT038 BKN045 OVC050 1 -5 65% -5 75.9 0.0
16 15:35 W 28 G 43 16.09 Overcast FEW035 SCT044 OVC050 1 -6 60% -5 75.87 0.0
16 15:15 W 20 G 31 16.09 Overcast BKN036 BKN043 OVC050 1 -5 65% -4 75.84 0.0
16 14:55 NW 26 16.09 Overcast SCT036 BKN044 OVC050 1 -5 65% -4 75.84 0.0
16 14:35 NW 24 16.09 Mostly Cloudy FEW033 SCT039 BKN044 1 -5 65% -4 75.82 0.0
16 14:15 W 26 G 52 16.09 Overcast OVC033 0 -5 69% -6 75.82 0.0
16 13:55 NW 19 G 37 16.09 Overcast BKN035 BKN040 OVC047 1 -5 65% -3 75.82 0.0
16 13:35 NW 20 G 31 16.09 Overcast FEW027 BKN039 OVC047 1 -4 70% -4 75.79 0.0
16 13:15 W 24 G 41 16.09 Overcast BKN031 OVC037 0 -4 75% -5 75.77 0.0
16 12:55 W 24 G 33 16.09 Overcast SCT033 BKN043 OVC050 1 -4 70% -4 75.77 0.0
16 12:35 W 22 G 37 16.09 Overcast FEW031 BKN039 OVC045 0 -4 75% -5 75.74 0.0
16 12:15 NW 22 16.09 Overcast BKN032 OVC038 0 -3 80% -5 75.72 0.0
16 11:55 W 22 G 31 16.09 Overcast OVC036 0 -3 80% -5 75.72 0.0
16 11:35 W 17 9.66 Fog/Mist OVC035 0 -2 87% -4 75.69 0.0
16 11:15 W 13 14.48 Mostly Cloudy FEW024 BKN037 0 -1 93% -4 75.69 0.0
16 10:55 W 9 G 19 11.27 Partly Cloudy FEW019 SCT024 SCT029 -1 -1 100% -4 75.69 0.0
16 10:35 NW 17 G 39 0.80 Fog/Mist BKN002 OVC026 -1 -1 100% -6 75.69 0.0
16 10:15 W 26 G 37 0.40 Freezing Fog OVC002 0 -1 93% -6 75.67 0.0
16 09:55 NW 19 6.44 Overcast with Haze FEW004 OVC027 2 -2 75% -2 75.64 0.0
16 09:35 W 20 G 30 16.09 Overcast OVC027 2 -2 75% -2 75.72 0.0
16 09:15 W 19 G 30 16.09 Overcast OVC027 2 -2 75% -2 75.72 0.0
16 08:55 W 15 G 24 16.09 Overcast OVC026 2 -1 81% -2 75.67 0.0
16 08:35 NW 13 G 24 16.09 Overcast BKN025 OVC030 2 -1 81% -1 75.64 0.0
16 08:15 W 15 16.09 Overcast OVC025 2 -1 81% -2 75.67 0.0
16 07:55 W 19 16.09 Overcast OVC026 2 -1 81% -2 75.69 0.0
16 07:35 NW 26 G 43 16.09 Overcast OVC026 2 -1 81% -3 75.64 0.0
16 07:15 W 30 16.09 Overcast OVC028 2 -1 81% -3 75.64 0.0
16 06:55 W 30 16.09 Overcast FEW014 BKN021 OVC027 2 0 87% -3 75.62 0.0
16 06:35 NW 39 G 50 8.05 Fog/Mist and Breezy SCT010 BKN014 OVC019 2 1 93% -4 75.59 0.0
16 06:15 NW 39 G 48 3.22 Fog/Mist and Breezy SCT008 OVC013 2 2 100% -4 75.59 0.0
16 05:55 NW 28 G 48 3.22 Fog/Mist OVC007 4 4 100% -1 75.51 0.0
16 05:35 NW 22 G 41 2.41 Fog/Mist OVC006 4 4 100% -0 75.46 0.0
16 05:15 W 22 G 35 4.02 Fog/Mist OVC006 5 5 100% 1 75.39 0.0
16 04:55 W 26 G 52 9.66 Fog/Mist BKN006 OVC009 6 6 100% 2 75.34 0.0
16 04:35 W 22 G 33 16.09 Overcast OVC009 7 7 100% 4 75.26 0.0
16 04:15 NW 22 G 31 16.09 Overcast OVC012 8 7 93% 5 75.18 0.0
16 03:55 W 26 16.09 NULL NULL 9 9 100% 6 75.23 0.0
16 03:35 W 13 0.00 NULL NULL 9 9 100% 7 75.21 0.0
16 03:15 W 13 14.48 Overcast SCT011 BKN016 OVC070 9 9 100% 7 75.26 0.0
16 02:55 W 19 14.48 Overcast BKN010 OVC014 9 9 100% 7 75.26 0.0
16 02:35 NW 13 G 22 11.27 Overcast BKN011 BKN026 OVC070 9 9 100% 7 75.21 0.0
16 02:15 W 19 G 28 9.66 Fog/Mist SCT012 BKN033 OVC070 9 9 100% 7 75.26 0.0
16 01:55 W 20 G 30 8.05 Fog/Mist SCT013 OVC034 9 9 100% 6 75.26 0.0
16 01:35 NW 30 G 44 8.05 Fog/Mist FEW009 SCT014 BKN031 10 10 100% 7 75.23 0.0
16 01:15 W 35 G 59 6.44 Fog/Mist and Breezy SCT008 BKN014 OVC034 11 10 94% 75.23 0.0
16 00:55 SW 20 8.05 Fog/Mist SCT008 BKN014 OVC033 13 13 100% 75.16 0.0
16 00:35 SW 28 G 48 4.02 Fog/Mist SCT004 BKN029 OVC048 13 13 100% 75.11 0.0
Date Time (cdt) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºC) Pressure Precipitation (cm)