440
FXUS61 KBUF 082016
AFDBUF

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Buffalo NY
416 PM EDT Sat Jun 8 2024

.SYNOPSIS...
A trough will cross the region tonight with a period of rain
overnight. Unsettled weather will continue Sunday through Monday
with a few showers and cool temperatures before drier and warmer
weather returns by the middle of next week.

&&

.NEAR TERM /THROUGH SUNDAY/...
A mid level trough will move east across New England this late
afternoon, while a weak surface high ridges north into western
NY. The trough may produce some showers across the St Lawrence
Valley, where even a few thunderstorms are possible. The rest of
the region will be rain-free and breezy with gusts in the 25-35
mph range.

Tonight, a strong mid level trough will dig from northwest Ontario
to southern Quebec. DPVA and height falls will spread east across
the Great Lakes bringing an increase in large scale ascent. An upper
level jet streak on the southern flank of the trough will strengthen
overnight, with a commensurate increase in upper level divergence as
the left exit region and associated thermally indirect ageostrophic
circulation of the jet crosses the eastern Great Lakes overnight. A
large area of rain can be seen on radar across eastern Michigan, and
this combined with model agreement provides high confidence in a
period of rain tonight. Rain will enter far Western NY between 8-10
p.m. before spreading east across the entire forecast area around or
shortly after midnight. Expecting between a quarter and half inch of
rain at most locations.

The steady rain will be done by Sunday morning at most locations,
except east of Lake Ontario where it will linger through around mid
morning. The leading edge of the shortwave and associated PVA will
exit into New England Sunday, but a secondary mid-level trough axis
will drop southward across the region Sunday afternoon. This will
bring the risk of more showers, and possibly a thunderstorm.
Temperatures will remain below normal with highs mainly in the mid
to upper 60s.

&&

.SHORT TERM /SUNDAY NIGHT THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT/...
A slow moving mid-level trough and low over Southeast Canada & the
Northeast to start the period will provide the continued opportunity
for showers and some thunderstorms into the early afternoon on
Monday. Shower potential will increase at times as a few different
shortwave troughs track through the larger trough. The combination
of the forcing from the troughs along with synoptic moisture in
place will bring a round of showers with some embedded thunderstorms
to the region Sunday night into Monday morning. Cooler temperatures
aloft of around 5C moving over the warmer lake waters which are
around 15 to 17C will also help aid in some increased instability
within areas of showers with the passing troughs.

Sunday night, best potential for showers will be early on in the
evening and later in the overnight with somewhat of a break between
two passing shortwave troughs. Evening showers may have a few
embedded thunderstorms with earlier daytime heating still providing
some instability. Rainfall amounts should generally remain below a
tenth of an inch for the night.

Monday, a shortwave trough axis will drop southeast across the area
around the time of the morning commute, causing a batch of showers
to move through. As the trough axis tracks out of the area, showers
will taper off from northwest to southeast through the morning and
into the early afternoon. Showers will linger the longest south of
Lake Ontario where the combination of upsloping, daytime heating and
instability/moisture from the warmer lakes will help prolong showers
for a few additional hours. A few embedded thunderstorms will be
possible once again for Monday as well. Rainfall on Monday should be
limited to a tenth of an inch for most areas, but a few higher
amounts within any heavier showers will be possible.

Monday night through Tuesday night, any lingering showers later
Monday afternoon will dissipate or move out of the area. A sharp
ridge will track toward the area on Monday evening pushing drier air
into the region while also increasing heights. The ridge axis will
center over the region on Tuesday, resulting in fair dry weather
through at least Tuesday night.

Temperatures for the period will be below normal for both Monday and
Tuesday afternoon, with Monday`s max temperatures around 10 degrees
below normal for most areas. A notable warmup for Tuesday will bring
temperatures closer to, but still below normal with highs in the mid
60s to low 70s. Nightly lows will be closer, but still mostly below
normal for all three nights, with Monday night being the coolest as
the ridge moves in but warm air advection doesn`t start to increase
temperatures yet.

&&

.LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/...
On Wednesday deep-layer ridging draped across New York State at the
start of the day will slide east into New England and flatten a
bit...while a shortwave trough pivots across the Upper Great Lakes
and central Ontario. The slowly departing ridge will maintain enough
of a grip upon our region to bring us another dry day along with
seasonably warm highs in the mid 70s to around 80...though a
southwesterly flow will help to keep the northeastern shores of
Lakes Erie and Ontario a bit cooler.

Wednesday night and early Thursday the aforementioned shortwave
trough will slide by to our north. Cannot rule out a stray shower
along our northern periphery attendant to this feature`s passage...
however this should largely just produce a temporary increase in
cloud cover. Immediately behind this the GFS attempts to bring a
convectively-induced wave and associated pcpn directly across our
region during the course of Thursday...however this looks overdone
and is also a marked outlier compared to the other medium-range
guidance. Have therefore discounted this solution in favor of a
continued mainly dry forecast through Thursday...with just an
isolated pop-up shower or two possible during the afternoon with
diurnal heating. Otherwise Thursday should be a bit warmer...with
highs ranging from the upper 70s across the higher terrain to the
lower to mid 80s across the lower elevations...though it will again
be cooler immediately northeast of the lakes.

Thursday night and Friday the next mid-level trough will dig across
the Great Lakes and Northeast...with an associated cold front
sliding across our region during Friday. This should bring us a
round of scattered convection...followed by a return to drier
weather Friday night and Saturday as surface high pressure and drier
air builds in behind this system. As for temperatures...highs on
Friday will be very similar to those of Thursday...before pulling
back a little into the mid 70s to around 80 for Saturday.

&&

.AVIATION /20Z SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...
Lingering showers and MVFR cigs east of Lake Ontario will improve
later this afternoon. Otherwise, VFR flight conditions for our TAF
sites. It will be breezy today, with gusts in the 20-30 knot range,
strongest over and downwind of Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.

A mid level trough will cross the eastern Great Lakes tonight,
bringing a period of widespread rain to the region. The organized
rain will move into Western NY during the late evening, then spread
east overnight. Expect CIGS to lower to MVFR/IFR a few hours after
the rain begins. Any pockets of moderate rain will also lower VSBY
at times.

Steady rain will end from west to east late tonight, with flight
conditions improving to MVFR or VFR at most locations by Sunday
afternoon.

Outlook...

Sunday night through Monday...VFR/MVFR with a chance of showers.
Tuesday through Thursday...Mainly VFR.

&&

.MARINE...
Moderate westerlies will continue to support solid Small Craft
Advisory conditions on Lake Ontario and Lake Erie through this
evening. Winds will temporarily back off tonight, then ramp up again
Sunday with another round of Small Craft Advisory conditions on both
lakes. Also, a weak surface wave of low pressure passing by to the
south this evening will cause winds to temporarily shift to the
northeast on Lake Erie, and these winds may pick up to close to
small craft criteria few a few hours.

Winds will come down some Sunday night through Monday, but will
still be strong enough to produce choppy conditions on both lakes.
More favorable winds and waves for boating will return by the middle
of next week.

&&

.BUF WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
NY...Beach Hazards Statement until 11 PM EDT this evening for
     NYZ004.
     Beach Hazards Statement until 2 AM EDT Sunday for NYZ005>007.
     Beach Hazards Statement until 8 PM EDT this evening for NYZ010-
     085.
MARINE...Small Craft Advisory until 8 PM EDT this evening for LEZ020-
         040-041.
         Small Craft Advisory until 11 PM EDT this evening for
         LOZ042-043.
         Small Craft Advisory until 2 AM EDT Sunday for LOZ044-045.

&&

$$

SYNOPSIS...Apffel/Hitchcock
NEAR TERM...Apffel/Hitchcock
SHORT TERM...SW
LONG TERM...JJR
AVIATION...Apffel
MARINE...Apffel/Hitchcock