Soaring Guidance
Issued by NWS Pueblo, CO
Issued by NWS Pueblo, CO
043
UXUS97 KPUB 241234
SRGPUB
Soaring Forecast
National Weather Service Pueblo, Colorado
0634 MDT Tuesday, September 24, 2024
This forecast is for Villa Grove, CO for Tuesday, September 24, 2024:
If the trigger temperature of 57.7 F/14.3 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Good
Maximum rate of lift........................ 734 ft/min (3.7 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 18550 ft MSL (9600 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 72.0 F/22.7 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 0945 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... Overcast thin high
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 16374 ft MSL (7424 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Wednesday 09/25.... Excellent
Wave Soaring Index............................. Not available
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 06:53:53 / 18:56:48 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 12 hr 2 min 55 sec (722 min 55 sec)
Altitude of sun at 12:55:20 MDT... 50.84 degrees
Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 09/24/2024 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 14145 ft MSL (5195 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 19009 ft MSL (10059 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 18959 ft MSL (10009 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -0.1
K index......................... +9.4
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -61.6 -78.9 010 36 19 1.6 0.9 M M M M M
45000 -59.3 -74.7 025 50 26 1.4 0.8 M M M M M
40000 -56.9 -70.4 035 77 40 6.5 3.6 M M M M M
38000 -52.0 -61.6 040 73 38 7.3 4.0 M M M M M
36000 -47.7 -53.9 040 70 36 7.3 4.0 M M M M M
34000 -42.6 -44.7 035 61 31 8.7 4.8 M M M M M
32000 -37.4 -35.3 025 51 26 8.7 4.8 M M M M M
30000 -32.4 -26.3 020 46 23 8.4 4.6 32.3 90.1 7.9 M M
29000 -29.9 -21.8 020 43 22 8.4 4.6 31.8 89.3 7.6 M M
28000 -27.3 -17.1 020 41 21 8.4 4.6 31.5 88.6 7.4 M M
27000 -25.0 -13.0 020 38 20 7.6 4.2 30.6 87.2 6.8 M M
26000 -22.2 -8.0 020 35 18 7.6 4.2 29.6 85.3 6.0 M M
25000 -20.0 -4.0 015 32 16 7.6 4.2 29.0 84.1 5.5 M M
24000 -17.5 0.5 015 30 16 8.4 4.6 28.4 83.1 5.1 M M
23000 -15.0 5.0 015 29 15 8.4 4.6 27.9 82.2 4.7 M M
22000 -12.5 9.5 010 28 15 8.2 4.5 27.5 81.5 4.4 M M
21000 -10.8 12.6 360 26 14 5.4 3.0 26.1 79.0 3.2 M M
20000 -9.2 15.4 350 25 13 5.5 3.0 24.7 76.4 1.9 M M
19500 -8.4 16.9 345 25 13 5.5 3.0 24.0 75.2 1.2 M M
19000 -7.6 18.3 340 24 13 5.5 3.0 23.3 74.0 0.6 M M
18500 -6.8 19.8 340 24 12 5.5 3.0 22.6 72.6 -0.0 831 4.2
18000 -6.0 21.2 340 23 12 5.4 3.0 21.9 71.4 -0.7 792 4.0
17500 -5.2 22.6 340 21 11 5.3 2.9 21.2 70.1 -1.3 753 3.8
17000 -4.4 24.1 340 19 10 5.4 3.0 20.4 68.8 -2.0 713 3.6
16500 -3.6 25.5 340 18 9 4.2 2.3 19.7 67.4 -2.7 676 3.4
16000 -3.0 26.6 340 16 8 3.9 2.1 18.7 65.7 -3.6 644 3.3
15500 -2.5 27.5 340 14 7 4.6 2.5 17.8 64.0 -4.5 613 3.1
15000 -1.7 28.9 345 13 7 6.1 3.3 17.1 62.8 -5.1 573 2.9
14500 -0.8 30.6 345 12 6 5.6 3.1 16.5 61.8 -5.8 532 2.7
14000 0.1 32.2 345 11 6 7.0 3.9 16.0 60.7 -6.4 492 2.5
13500 1.1 34.0 350 10 5 7.0 3.9 15.5 59.9 -6.9 448 2.3
13000 2.0 35.6 350 10 5 6.8 3.7 15.0 59.0 -7.5 405 2.1
12500 3.7 38.7 350 11 6 7.7 4.2 14.6 58.2 -8.0 333 1.7
12000 4.6 40.3 345 11 6 7.3 4.0 14.1 57.3 -8.6 290 1.5
11750 5.2 41.4 345 12 6 9.5 5.2 14.0 57.2 -8.7 264 1.3
11500 5.9 42.6 345 12 6 8.9 4.9 14.0 57.1 -8.8 237 1.2
11250 6.5 43.7 340 12 6 8.1 4.4 13.9 57.0 -9.0 212 1.1
11000 7.0 44.6 340 12 6 7.2 3.9 13.7 56.7 -9.2 188 1.0
10750 7.6 45.7 340 12 6 9.0 4.9 13.5 56.4 -9.4 164 0.8
10500 8.3 46.9 340 11 6 9.0 5.0 13.5 56.4 -9.4 136 0.7
10250 8.8 47.8 335 11 6 5.6 3.1 13.3 56.0 -9.7 113 0.6
10000 9.1 48.4 335 11 6 3.4 1.8 12.9 55.3 -10.1 95 0.5
9750 9.5 49.1 330 11 5 7.6 4.2 12.5 54.6 -10.5 77 0.4
9500 10.0 50.0 330 10 5 0.3 0.2 12.3 54.2 -10.7 55 0.3
9250 9.0 48.2 320 7 4 -29.8 -16.4 10.6 51.0 -12.5 78 0.4
9000 6.5 43.7 290 4 2 -21.7 -11.9 7.4 45.3 -15.7 144 0.7
8750 M M M M M M M M M M M M
8500 M M M M M M M M M M M M
8250 M M M M M M M M M M M M
8000 M M M M M M M M M M M M
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
09/24/2024 at 0900 MDT | 09/24/2024 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... 0.0 LI... +4.5 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... +4.6
CINH... 0.0 K Index... +9.1 | CINH... 0.0 K Index... +7.3
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -62.3 -80.1 020 40 21 1.5 0.8 | -62.9 -81.2 025 31 16 1.3 0.7
45000 -59.9 -75.8 025 54 28 1.7 0.9 | -60.2 -76.4 025 48 25 2.7 1.5
40000 -56.5 -69.7 035 67 34 8.0 4.4 | -55.4 -67.7 040 55 29 7.8 4.3
38000 -51.8 -61.2 035 62 32 7.8 4.3 | -50.6 -59.1 040 52 27 8.0 4.4
36000 -47.1 -52.8 035 57 29 7.8 4.3 | -45.8 -50.4 040 48 25 8.0 4.4
34000 -42.0 -43.6 030 51 26 8.6 4.7 | -40.8 -41.4 035 42 22 8.3 4.5
32000 -36.8 -34.2 015 47 24 8.7 4.8 | -35.8 -32.4 025 36 19 8.2 4.5
30000 -31.7 -25.1 015 44 23 8.6 4.7 | -30.1 -22.2 020 37 19 8.6 4.7
29000 -28.4 -19.1 015 43 22 8.6 4.7 | -27.5 -17.5 020 38 20 8.6 4.7
28000 -25.9 -14.6 015 42 21 8.0 4.4 | -25.0 -13.0 015 39 20 7.5 4.1
27000 -23.6 -10.5 015 40 21 7.7 4.2 | -22.9 -9.2 010 37 19 7.3 4.0
26000 -21.3 -6.3 015 39 20 7.7 4.2 | -20.7 -5.3 005 35 18 7.3 4.0
25000 -19.0 -2.2 015 37 19 7.7 4.2 | -18.5 -1.3 005 34 17 7.3 4.0
24000 -16.9 1.6 015 35 18 7.4 4.0 | -16.3 2.7 360 33 17 7.4 4.1
23000 -14.7 5.5 010 33 17 7.4 4.1 | -14.1 6.6 360 32 16 7.4 4.1
22000 -12.5 9.5 010 31 16 7.3 4.0 | -11.9 10.6 355 31 16 7.4 4.0
21000 -10.7 12.7 360 28 15 5.9 3.2 | -9.9 14.2 355 30 16 7.0 3.8
20000 -9.0 15.8 350 26 13 5.9 3.2 | -7.8 18.0 355 30 15 7.0 3.8
19500 -8.1 17.4 345 25 13 6.0 3.3 | -6.7 19.9 355 29 15 7.1 3.9
19000 -7.3 18.9 340 24 12 4.3 2.4 | -5.8 21.6 355 29 15 5.5 3.0
18500 -6.8 19.8 340 23 12 4.0 2.2 | -5.0 23.0 355 27 14 5.3 2.9
18000 -6.2 20.8 340 21 11 3.9 2.1 | -4.3 24.3 355 26 13 5.2 2.9
17500 -5.7 21.7 345 19 10 3.4 1.9 | -3.6 25.5 350 24 12 4.6 2.5
17000 -5.2 22.6 345 17 9 3.4 1.8 | -2.9 26.8 350 22 11 4.8 2.6
16500 -4.6 23.7 350 15 8 4.6 2.5 | -2.4 27.7 350 20 10 2.7 1.5
16000 -3.9 25.0 355 14 7 4.9 2.7 | -2.0 28.4 345 18 9 2.6 1.4
15500 -3.2 26.2 360 13 6 5.6 3.0 | -1.7 28.9 345 15 8 3.4 1.9
15000 -2.2 28.0 360 12 6 6.7 3.7 | -1.0 30.2 345 14 7 4.6 2.5
14500 -0.6 30.9 005 11 6 7.5 4.1 | 0.1 32.2 340 11 6 5.9 3.2
14000 0.4 32.7 005 11 6 7.0 3.8 | 1.0 33.8 335 10 5 6.2 3.4
13500 1.4 34.5 005 11 5 6.9 3.8 | 1.9 35.4 330 10 5 6.4 3.5
13000 2.4 36.3 360 11 5 6.7 3.7 | 3.1 37.6 325 8 4 8.9 4.9
12500 3.3 37.9 360 11 5 7.1 3.9 | 4.3 39.7 320 7 4 8.7 4.8
12000 4.4 39.9 360 10 5 7.9 4.3 | 5.5 41.9 315 6 3 9.3 5.1
11750 5.0 41.0 360 10 5 7.8 4.3 | 6.3 43.3 315 5 3 10.9 6.0
11500 5.5 41.9 360 10 5 7.7 4.2 | 7.1 44.8 315 5 3 10.3 5.7
11250 6.1 43.0 360 10 5 7.6 4.2 | 7.8 46.0 315 5 2 9.7 5.3
11000 6.7 44.1 360 10 5 7.2 4.0 | 8.6 47.5 320 5 2 9.5 5.2
10750 7.2 45.0 360 10 5 8.6 4.7 | 9.3 48.7 320 4 2 10.1 5.5
10500 7.9 46.2 355 9 5 9.0 4.9 | 10.1 50.2 320 4 2 10.6 5.8
10250 8.5 47.3 355 9 5 7.2 4.0 | 10.8 51.4 320 4 2 10.3 5.6
10000 9.0 48.2 350 9 5 6.9 3.8 | 11.6 52.9 325 4 2 10.6 5.8
9750 9.5 49.1 345 9 4 7.4 4.1 | 12.4 54.3 325 4 2 9.4 5.2
9500 10.0 50.0 340 8 4 8.5 4.6 | 13.2 55.8 325 4 2 14.6 8.0
9250 10.6 51.1 330 6 3 8.9 4.9 | 14.7 58.5 325 4 2 27.6 15.2
9000 11.2 52.2 310 4 2 7.5 4.1 | 16.5 61.7 325 3 2 11.8 6.5
8750 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8000 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
09/24/2024 at 1500 MDT | 09/24/2024 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... 0.0 LI... +3.7 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... +3.6
CINH... 0.0 K Index... +9.3 | CINH... 0.0 K Index... +7.9
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -65.2 -85.4 020 25 13 1.9 1.0 | -65.0 -85.0 010 22 11 1.8 1.0
45000 -61.3 -78.3 025 39 20 3.8 2.1 | -61.2 -78.2 020 32 17 4.0 2.2
40000 -54.9 -66.8 025 43 22 7.7 4.2 | -54.6 -66.3 030 38 19 7.5 4.1
38000 -50.3 -58.5 025 40 21 7.7 4.3 | -50.0 -58.0 030 35 18 7.6 4.2
36000 -45.6 -50.1 025 37 19 7.6 4.2 | -45.5 -49.9 025 33 17 7.5 4.1
34000 -40.5 -40.9 020 35 18 8.7 4.8 | -40.3 -40.5 025 30 15 8.7 4.8
32000 -35.2 -31.4 020 33 17 8.6 4.7 | -34.4 -29.9 015 26 14 8.9 4.9
30000 -29.3 -20.7 020 31 16 8.8 4.8 | -29.2 -20.6 015 25 13 8.7 4.8
29000 -26.7 -16.1 025 30 16 8.8 4.8 | -26.6 -15.9 015 25 13 8.7 4.8
28000 -24.1 -11.4 025 29 15 7.3 4.0 | -24.1 -11.4 020 24 12 7.6 4.2
27000 -22.0 -7.6 025 28 14 7.3 4.0 | -21.8 -7.2 025 23 12 7.6 4.2
26000 -19.8 -3.6 030 27 14 7.3 4.0 | -19.5 -3.1 035 22 11 7.6 4.2
25000 -17.7 0.1 030 25 13 7.4 4.0 | -17.2 1.0 045 22 11 7.7 4.2
24000 -15.4 4.3 025 24 12 7.6 4.2 | -14.9 5.2 045 20 10 7.8 4.3
23000 -13.2 8.2 020 22 11 7.6 4.2 | -12.5 9.5 040 19 10 7.8 4.3
22000 -10.9 12.4 010 21 11 7.3 4.0 | -10.2 13.6 035 17 9 7.4 4.1
21000 -9.0 15.8 005 22 11 6.5 3.6 | -8.2 17.2 030 17 9 6.6 3.6
20000 -7.0 19.4 360 23 12 6.6 3.6 | -6.3 20.7 020 17 9 6.7 3.7
19500 -6.1 21.0 360 23 12 6.6 3.6 | -5.3 22.5 020 17 9 6.8 3.8
19000 -5.2 22.6 355 23 12 5.7 3.1 | -4.4 24.1 015 17 9 5.2 2.8
18500 -4.3 24.3 355 23 12 5.6 3.1 | -3.6 25.5 015 18 9 5.2 2.9
18000 -3.5 25.7 355 22 12 5.0 2.8 | -2.8 27.0 015 19 10 4.7 2.6
17500 -3.0 26.6 355 22 11 3.5 1.9 | -2.3 27.9 015 19 10 3.7 2.0
17000 -2.5 27.5 355 21 11 3.7 2.0 | -1.8 28.8 010 19 10 3.8 2.1
16500 -2.1 28.2 350 19 10 2.5 1.4 | -1.3 29.7 005 19 10 3.6 2.0
16000 -1.8 28.8 345 17 9 2.6 1.4 | -0.9 30.4 355 17 9 3.8 2.1
15500 -1.5 29.3 340 16 8 5.0 2.7 | -0.4 31.3 340 16 8 6.1 3.3
15000 0.0 32.0 325 10 5 7.3 4.0 | 1.2 34.2 330 13 7 7.6 4.2
14500 1.0 33.8 310 8 4 8.0 4.4 | 2.4 36.3 320 12 6 8.2 4.5
14000 2.4 36.3 310 7 3 9.2 5.0 | 3.6 38.5 320 9 5 8.2 4.5
13500 3.8 38.8 305 5 3 10.2 5.6 | 4.8 40.6 315 7 4 7.7 4.2
13000 5.3 41.5 310 4 2 9.9 5.4 | 6.0 42.8 315 5 2 9.1 5.0
12500 6.8 44.2 320 3 2 9.9 5.4 | 7.4 45.3 315 3 1 8.4 4.6
12000 8.3 46.9 330 3 1 9.9 5.4 | 8.5 47.3 000 0 0 8.4 4.6
11750 9.0 48.2 335 2 1 10.1 5.6 | 9.2 48.6 095 1 0 9.9 5.4
11500 9.8 49.6 340 2 1 9.8 5.4 | 9.9 49.8 105 2 1 8.6 4.7
11250 10.5 50.9 345 2 1 9.5 5.2 | 10.5 50.9 105 3 2 7.3 4.0
11000 11.2 52.2 350 2 1 9.3 5.1 | 11.0 51.8 105 4 2 6.8 3.7
10750 11.9 53.4 355 2 1 10.4 5.7 | 11.6 52.9 105 6 3 9.2 5.0
10500 12.7 54.9 360 2 1 10.9 6.0 | 12.4 54.3 100 7 3 10.7 5.9
10250 13.5 56.3 005 2 1 10.0 5.5 | 13.1 55.6 100 7 4 9.4 5.1
10000 14.3 57.7 010 2 1 10.1 5.6 | 13.8 56.8 100 8 4 9.4 5.2
9750 15.0 59.0 015 2 1 9.3 5.1 | 14.5 58.1 095 8 4 9.5 5.2
9500 15.8 60.4 020 2 1 14.1 7.8 | 15.2 59.4 095 9 4 10.8 5.9
9250 17.3 63.1 030 2 1 26.1 14.3 | 16.1 61.0 095 8 4 12.8 7.0
9000 19.0 66.2 040 2 1 13.2 7.3 | 17.0 62.6 095 7 4 10.0 5.5
8750 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8000 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued twice per day, once by approximately 0630 MST/0730 MDT
(1330 UTC). It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on rawinsonde observation and/or
numerical weather prediction model data taken near Villa Grove, Colorado at:
North Latitude: 38 deg 16 min 03 sec
West Longitude: 105 deg 53 min 37 sec
Elevation: 7986 feet (2434 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas along the Front Range of the
Colorado Rocky Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments and suggestions are welcome and should
be directed to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this
page. To expedite a response to comments, be sure to mention your interest in
the soaring forecast.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CIN (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel`s initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
042613