597
FXUS62 KRAH 261740
AFDRAH

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Raleigh NC
140 PM EDT Thu Sep 26 2024

.SYNOPSIS...
Tropical Cyclone Helene will move across the eastern Gulf of Mexico
today and cross the Florida Big Bend coast tonight. After
landfall, Helene is expected to turn northward across Georgia
tonight, then northwestward while slowing over the Tennessee Valley
on Friday and Saturday.

&&

.NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/...
As of 940 AM Thursday...

Only made minor changes with the morning update. It appears that the
bulk of the rain will remain across western counties through the
daytime hours along the surface boundary that has been draped along
the mountains the last couple of days, in addition to scattered
showers and isolated thunderstorms that will develop farther to the
east. Rain from Helene is not expected to arrive to the region until
after sunset. Tweaked today`s temperatures slightly, going with
highs in the mid 70s to the west up to the lower 80s in the east.
Previous discussion follows.


As of 445 AM Thursday...

It will be cloudy and warm, with scattered showers/storms today.
Widespread rain, embedded convection, and strengthening ely winds
will then spread across cntl NC from the southwest late tonight-Fri
morning.

In the mid/upper-levels, a cyclone initially over wrn KY will move
in a cyclonic arc into the TN Valley through 12Z Fri. Strong sly
steering flow between that cyclone and a sub-tropical/lower mid-
latitude ridge that will drift across the wrn Atlantic toward
Bermuda will draw TC Helene generally nwd and into the srn
Appalachians. A series of mesoscale vorticity maxima will precede
Helene and track through the wrn half of NC. The most notable of
these MCVs was evident in regional radar data over nern GA this
morning, with a series of embedded ones extending sewd along a
convective band across the Savannah Basin. These features should
track across the Piedmont of NC this morning and provide the initial
focus for convection today.

Moist sely flow in a continued warm and unseasonably humid warm
sector will otherwise remain over cntl NC, while a quasi-stationary
front and principle focus for widespread showers/storms will remain
over the Foothills and ern slopes of the Appalachians. Widespread,
multi-layered (and lowering mid/high-level) overcast will keep
temperatures a category or two less warm than those of Wed, however.

Strong height falls aloft and sely, warm and moist advection
preceding Helene will spread nwd into cntl NC late tonight-early Fri
morning. While there remains timing differences in how quickly that
regime arrives, based on the ultimate track/timing of Helene, a mix
of stratiform rain and embedded convection should consequently
become widespread across at least the srn/wrn Piedmont and Sandhills
through Fri morning. Although HREF guidance is not particularly
strong in its signal for simulated updraft helicity, intense wind
fields, including up to several hundred m2/s2 effective SRH, and 250-
750 J/kg of boundary-layer based instability, will support a risk of
mini-supercells and TC tornadoes with the aforementioned embedded
convection - most likely across the srn Piedmont, Sandhills, and srn
Coastal Plain based on the official NHC forecast track and timing of
Helene. Rainfall amounts will generally range from a quarter to half
inch over northeast zones to three quarters of an inch to an inch
over the far srn/wrn Piedmont. Strengthening ely winds may gust
between 25-35 kts by daybreak over the srn/wrn Piedmont, in the
tightest MSLP gradient as Helene approaches, ranging to just 15-20
kts over the nrn-cntl Coastal Plain. Near record high minimum low
temperatures will again be in the low-mid 70s.

&&

.SHORT TERM /FRIDAY AND FRIDAY NIGHT/...
As of 400 AM Thursday...

...Strong winds, brief heavy rain, and increasing tornado threat
will develop Friday into the late afternoon hours as Helene
approaches...

The track of Tropical Cyclone Helene remains relatively unchanged
and is forecast to be rapidly moving into the southern Appalachians
Fri morning then transitioning into an extratropical cyclone as it
settles into the lower Ohio Valley Fri evening. A feeder band
extending ESE from the center of Helene is forecast to be pivoting
across the Carolinas and into central NC sometime Fri morning. There
are some timing differences with the 00z Hi-Res guidance on when
this band will lift into the area (the HRRR and Fv3 are the fastest,
while the ARW and NSSL are slowest, while the NAMNest is somewhere
in between). The timing of this band will be important and likely
bring the heaviest rain and greatest tornado threat with the later
arrival resulting in an increased tornado threat as diurnal heating
results in greater surface instability within the strong kinematic
field.

The tornado threat will quickly lift north through the area during
the morning into the early afternoon as an area of very dry mid-
level air spreads over central NC in its wake. Point soundings
suggest some lingering saturation below 800mb will still be present
with dew points in the low/mid 70s contributing to 500-1000 J/kg
SBCAPE. Dry mid-level air should limit overall storm depth given the
marginal instability, but a non-zero tornado threat may continue
into the early afternoon if low-topped supercells can tap into
lingering 100-200 0-1km SRH.

Given the expected strength of Helene and its fast forward motion,
30-40 mph wind gusts will extend well away from its center. Latest
00z Hi-Res guidance suggests these strong winds will be possible,
mainly west of the I-95 corridor and, with current forecast timing,
maximized around or shortly after sunrise with a gradual weakening
as the main feeder band lifts north into VA. If the slower solutions
trend true, then frequent gusts of 35-45 mph will be possible into
the early afternoon and a Wind Advisory may be needed. Given
saturated soils from prior rainfall over the western Piedmont and
along and north of the I-40 corridor in the past 7 days, these winds
may cause sporadic to scattered power outages.

Heavy rain to torrential downpours within the feeder band should be
expected as it lifts through central NC. However, given its overall
quick lift north and it being the lone concern for heavy rain,
forecast rainfall totals for Fri only range from 0.5 to around 1
inch. 00z HREF guidance suggests within this widespread band of
rain, streaks of up to 2 inches will be possible, and would bring a
flash flood risk to mainly urban areas, but also portions of the NC
Piedmont where prior rainfall has reduced FFG to < 2 inches in 3hrs.

&&.

.LONG TERM /SATURDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/...
As of 1214 PM Thursday...

The anomalous mid-level trough expected to eject TC Helene northward
today will linger over the TN Valley Saturday. The mid-upper level
trough/low will then slowly shift east across the Mid-Atlantic
through middle of this week. The system will pull offshore by
Wednesday, followed by mid-level ridging and nwly flow aloft.

Saturday: As the remnants of Helene continues to weaken over
Tennesse Saturday, anomalous moisture associated with this system
will consolidate well to the north and west of central NC. This will
promote a primarily dry day across our area. The only exception is
that a few models suggests the potential for some isolated to
scattered showers across the NC/VA border Saturday afternoon.
Overall though, most guidance keeps central NC dry Saturday.
Otherwise, daytime highs in the lower to mid 80s is expected.

Sunday through Thursday: As the mid-upper low slowly migrates across
the mid-Atlantic through early next week, additional daily showers
and thunderstorms will be possible.  Will maintain low slight to
chance PoPs each day for now, with highest chances across the north
where better moisture will pool and upper forcing for ascent appears
strongest.  There does seem to be good consensus that the upper
trough will shift offshore through Wednesday, behind which nwly flow
aloft will usher in drier air by mid-week (mean ensembles suggest <1
inch PWAT may encompass our area by Thursday morning). Ensembles
seem to be in good agreement bringing in some drier dew points into
the 50s Thursday into the weekend as high pressure extends down the
east coast.

Temperature wise, we`ll generally see upper 70s to lower 80s through
Wednesday.  There continues to be a signal for a cool down Thursday
into the weekend. For now will highlight daytime highs in the mid to
upper 70s and overnight lows in the mid to upper 50s.

&&

.AVIATION /18Z THURSDAY THROUGH TUESDAY/...
As of 140 PM Thursday...

A mixture of largely MVFR to VFR conditions in SHRA is expected to
start the TAF period. At GSO/INT, a gradual lowering of CIG to IFR
is expected by 21z as conditions deteriorate in showers. The main
forecast challenge in the near-term is the potential for TSRA at the
eastern sites of RDU/FAY/RWI, roughly between 18-20z and 00-02z,
earliest at FAY and latest at RWI, per the latest CAM guidance.
Confidence was too low to include TSRA at GSO/INT in the first 6
hours but cannot be ruled out. Rain showers and some embedded storms
will continue into late evening, but there is a good signal in the
guidance for a break in the shower activity between 03-06z before
the the main line of potential severe storms tracks in Fri morning
into early Fri afternoon. Even with the lull in precipitation
overnight, conditions are forecast to lower to IFR in most places,
with the exception of perhaps FAY/RWI. Some LIFR is also possible at
GSO/INT overnight. Wind will increase early Fri, accompanied by
LLWS, out of the ESE with sustained of 15-20 kt and gusts of 30-40
kt. As the line of strong to severe storms tied to remnant Helene
approaches the terminals, roughly between 12 and 18z Fri, conditions
will range between IFR to MVFR, with a gradual improvement Fri
afternoon to VFR.

Outlook: VFR conditions are largely expected later Fri into Sat,
though early morning fog is possible. A chance of showers/storms
will return Sun into Tue with a persistent upper-low near the region.

&&

.CLIMATE...

Record High Minimum Temperatures:

September 26:
KGSO: 69/2005
KRDU: 73/1993
KFAY: 73/1930

September 27:
KGSO: 69/2011
KRDU: 73/2011
KFAY: 73/2017

&&

.RAH WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
None.

&&

$$
SYNOPSIS...MWS
NEAR TERM...Green/MWS
SHORT TERM...Swiggett
LONG TERM...Luchetti
AVIATION...Kren
CLIMATE...RAH