Prognostic Meteorological Discussion
Issued by NWS
Issued by NWS
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281 FXCA20 KWBC 151915 PMDCA Tropical Discussion - International Desks NWS Weather Prediction Center College Park MD 315 PM EDT Tue Sep 15 2026 Forecast Bulletin 14 September 2026 at 1900 UTC: Mexico: Over much of the region, a progressive pattern of retrograding upper air systems are moving over Mexico in the next three days, bringing precipitation over the country, varying in intensity over the different regions. On Tuesday, the northern portion of the country can expect a ridge axis extending from the southern United States alongside a Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough (TUTT) from Texas-United States into northeast Mexico. A secondary ridge axis remains over much of the central portion of Mexico, while a secondary TUTT reaches southwest Mexico from the east Pacific Ocean. To the east, the Yucatan Peninsula remains at the periphery of a wide TUTT that centers over the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean. In the mid-levels a more ridge dominant pattern remains consistent throughout the region. Mexico is in the periphery of the ridge, where some shortwave troughs could travel along the region to enhance instability on Tuesday and throughout the next three days. Moisture over the western sector of Mexico will enhance the chance for showers during the day, while onshore flow along the Sierra Madre Occidental enhances the orographic lift over the region. Expect maxima to remain below 25mm in western Mexico, while the eastern portions of the country could see totals below 15mm, as dry air continues to enter from the north Caribbean. By Wednesday, the pattern begins to shift, as a TUTT over the Caribbean retrogrades into the Yucatan, favoring the entry of moisture along the Gulf coast of Mexico and into the Yucatan Peninsula. Over the western sector of the country, drier conditions are expected with the enhancement of the mid to upper level ridge over the region, fortifying the interaction with the retrograding TUTT to its east. Expect light to moderate precipitation along the Sierra Madre Oriental and scattered rainfall in the southwest and Yucatan Peninsula. Central America: On Tuesday, the base of a large TUTT is located over the southwest Caribbean and from east Nicaragua through Panama, where mid to low level troughing is enhanced with high amounts of precipitable water. The areas with the highest levels of available moisture are Panama and Costa Rica, where a trough is propagating into the central Panama region throughout the day. With support of the Caribbean Low Level Jet (CLLJ), enhanced moist onshore flow will favor heavy precipitation from Limon-Costa Rica through the northeast sector of Panama on Tuesday. To the north, expect moisture to begin entering the Mosquito Coast in Honduras and making its way further inland, favoring light showers on Tuesday. On Wednesday, moisture continues to transport ahead of the CLLJ, proceeding to interact with the complex terrain from east Honduras through Panama. The TUTT continues retrograding into the region, while interacting with a ridge to its east, enhancing upper level support due to diffluence from their interaction. Expect an increase in precipitation totals along the Mosquito Coasts of Honduras and Nicaragua. On Thursday, the upper ridge over the Caribbean continues to meander into Central America, while the TUTT continues retrograding westward into the Pacific and Mexico. Subsidence due to the ridge aloft may inhibit the growth of convection over the region, while available moisture remains along the Caribbean coasts of Honduras, Nicaragua, and into Costa Rica and Panama. Expect a general decrease in total daily precipitation over Central America on Thursday, with isolated locally moderate precipitation. Caribbean: Much of the central Caribbean is seeing the presence of a retrograding TUTT that is enhancing instability over the region on Tuesday. Troughs induced by the TUTT and a tropical wave moving over the Caribbean Sea, are favoring precipitation over Hispaniola, with precipitable water values exceeding 55mm, as they interact with the TUTT aloft. Expect moderate precipitation with isolated locally heavier totals in higher elevations. On Wednesday, a second tropical wave enters the east Caribbean, providing precipitation for the Lesser Antilles and into Puerto Rico/VI. This wave will bring with it moisture values exceeding 60mm, and favoring moderate to locally heavy precipitation over much of the Lesser Antilles on Thursday. Disorganized mid to upper level short wave troughs along the periphery of the ridge axis extending over the Central Atlantic will provide divergent conditions for the wave, fueling convection. By Thursday, these conditions will meander to the west and impact Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. The regions could expect moderate to isolated locally heavier precipitation. South America: The regions of enhanced potential for moisture is expected over northwestern South America as the warm sea surface temperatures and fueling the development of convection are the Panamanian trough and monsoon trough enhanced on Tuesday. With the entry of tropical waves expected over the next several days, this enhanced cyclonic circulation will favor westerly onshore flow into west Colombia and west Ecuador and with the amount of moisture in the region, expect moisture convergence along the higher terrain. Expect daily moderate to locally heavy precipitation from west Colombia through northwest Ecuador. To the east, the Guianas and the Amazon Basin could expect generally dry conditions as the ridge enhances subsidence over the region over the next three days. Tropical Waves Initialized at 12 UTC: SOF INIT 16/00 16/12 17/00 17/12 18/00 18/12 19/00 19/12 TW 20N 56W 59W 62W 65W 68W 71W 74W 77W 78W TW 12N 69W 72W 74W 76W 79W 81W 84W 87W 90W TW 17N 105W 107W 109W 110W 112W 113W 115W 117W Exits Castellanos...(WPC) $$