Soaring Guidance
Issued by NWS Pueblo, CO
Issued by NWS Pueblo, CO
019
UXUS97 KPUB 171215
SRGPUB
Soaring Forecast
National Weather Service Pueblo, Colorado
0615 MDT Monday, June 17, 2024
This forecast is for Villa Grove, CO for Monday, June 17, 2024:
If the trigger temperature of 67.1 F/19.5 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Good
Maximum rate of lift........................ 1683 ft/min (8.6 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 25702 ft MSL (16727 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 82.0 F/28.2 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 0945 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... None
Surface winds during soaring window............ Between 20 mph and 30 mph
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 21726 ft MSL (12750 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Tuesday 06/18...... Excellent
Wave Soaring Index............................. Not available
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 05:39:53 / 20:29:30 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 14 hr 49 min 36 sec (889 min 36 sec)
Altitude of sun at 13:04:42 MDT... 75.10 degrees
Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 06/17/2024 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 15984 ft MSL (7009 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 22951 ft MSL (13976 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 24112 ft MSL (15136 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -1.2
K index......................... +10.2
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -59.0 -74.2 245 49 25 4.0 2.2 M M M M M
45000 -54.4 -65.9 250 53 27 -0.3 -0.2 M M M M M
40000 -54.5 -66.1 270 30 16 6.8 3.7 M M M M M
38000 -50.3 -58.5 270 28 15 6.9 3.8 M M M M M
36000 -46.2 -51.2 275 26 14 6.9 3.8 M M M M M
34000 -41.7 -43.1 270 25 13 7.8 4.3 M M M M M
32000 -37.1 -34.8 265 25 13 7.8 4.3 M M M M M
30000 -32.0 -25.6 265 25 13 7.4 4.0 31.8 89.2 3.2 M M
29000 -29.8 -21.6 260 25 13 7.4 4.0 30.9 87.6 2.5 M M
28000 -27.6 -17.7 260 25 13 7.3 4.0 30.1 86.2 1.9 M M
27000 -25.5 -13.9 260 25 13 7.0 3.9 29.1 84.3 1.0 M M
26000 -23.4 -10.1 255 25 13 7.0 3.9 28.0 82.5 0.2 M M
25000 -21.3 -6.3 255 25 13 7.0 3.9 27.2 80.9 -0.5 1615 8.2
24000 -19.1 -2.4 250 26 13 7.3 4.0 26.2 79.2 -1.3 1520 7.7
23000 -16.9 1.6 240 27 14 7.4 4.0 25.4 77.6 -2.1 1425 7.2
22000 -14.7 5.5 235 29 15 7.4 4.0 24.6 76.3 -2.8 1329 6.8
21000 -12.6 9.3 230 33 17 7.1 3.9 23.7 74.6 -3.7 1236 6.3
20000 -10.5 13.1 220 37 19 7.3 4.0 22.8 73.0 -4.6 1144 5.8
19500 -9.5 14.9 220 40 20 7.4 4.1 22.4 72.3 -5.0 1098 5.6
19000 -8.4 16.9 220 42 22 8.2 4.5 22.1 71.7 -5.4 1052 5.3
18500 -7.1 19.2 215 43 22 9.4 5.2 22.0 71.5 -5.6 998 5.1
18000 -5.7 21.7 215 44 22 9.5 5.2 21.9 71.4 -5.7 942 4.8
17500 -4.3 24.3 215 44 22 9.6 5.3 21.9 71.4 -5.8 885 4.5
17000 -2.9 26.8 215 43 22 9.6 5.3 21.8 71.3 -5.9 828 4.2
16500 -1.5 29.3 215 42 22 8.9 4.9 21.8 71.3 -6.0 770 3.9
16000 -0.3 31.5 215 39 20 7.6 4.2 21.5 70.7 -6.3 720 3.7
15500 0.8 33.4 215 36 18 7.4 4.1 21.2 70.1 -6.6 671 3.4
15000 2.8 37.0 215 30 16 9.1 5.0 20.9 69.5 -6.9 591 3.0
14500 3.9 39.0 220 27 14 5.7 3.1 20.5 68.9 -7.3 543 2.8
14000 5.1 41.2 220 25 13 9.5 5.2 20.2 68.4 -7.6 491 2.5
13500 6.5 43.7 225 22 11 8.3 4.6 20.1 68.3 -7.7 434 2.2
13000 7.8 46.0 225 19 10 9.2 5.1 19.9 67.8 -8.0 382 1.9
12500 9.1 48.4 230 17 9 9.3 5.1 19.8 67.6 -8.1 327 1.7
12000 10.4 50.7 240 16 8 7.8 4.3 19.6 67.3 -8.3 274 1.4
11750 11.0 51.8 245 17 9 8.2 4.5 19.5 67.1 -8.5 249 1.3
11500 11.6 52.9 250 17 9 8.2 4.5 19.3 66.8 -8.6 223 1.1
11250 12.2 54.0 250 17 9 7.9 4.3 19.2 66.6 -8.8 198 1.0
11000 12.7 54.9 255 18 9 6.9 3.8 19.1 66.3 -9.0 174 0.9
10750 13.2 55.8 255 18 9 6.5 3.6 18.8 65.9 -9.2 151 0.8
10500 13.7 56.7 260 18 9 7.2 3.9 18.6 65.4 -9.5 129 0.7
10250 14.2 57.6 260 18 9 5.5 3.0 18.4 65.0 -9.7 107 0.5
10000 14.4 57.9 260 17 9 -1.3 -0.7 17.8 64.1 -10.3 94 0.5
9750 14.1 57.4 255 16 8 -5.7 -3.1 16.7 62.1 -11.4 97 0.5
9500 13.7 56.7 250 14 7 -2.8 -1.5 15.7 60.2 -12.6 102 0.5
9250 13.2 55.8 240 12 6 -13.6 -7.4 14.5 58.1 -13.8 108 0.6
9000 9.8 49.6 225 6 3 -92.0 -50.5 10.5 50.8 -18.0 203 1.0
8750 M M M M M M M M M M M M
8500 M M M M M M M M M M M M
8250 M M M M M M M M M M M M
8000 M M M M M M M M M M M M
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
06/17/2024 at 0900 MDT | 06/17/2024 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... 0.0 LI... +1.0 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... +0.1
CINH... 0.0 K Index... -17.5 | CINH... 0.0 K Index... -0.9
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -59.7 -75.5 255 43 22 2.4 1.3 | -61.2 -78.2 245 42 21 1.3 0.7
45000 -56.3 -69.3 265 51 26 1.3 0.7 | -58.6 -73.5 255 53 27 2.8 1.5
40000 -54.0 -65.2 270 38 19 7.6 4.2 | -54.0 -65.2 255 41 21 7.8 4.3
38000 -49.8 -57.6 265 34 18 6.9 3.8 | -49.6 -57.3 255 41 21 7.3 4.0
36000 -45.7 -50.3 265 30 16 6.9 3.8 | -45.2 -49.4 255 41 21 7.3 4.0
34000 -41.1 -42.0 265 30 16 7.8 4.3 | -40.5 -40.9 255 40 21 8.0 4.4
32000 -35.9 -32.6 260 32 16 7.9 4.3 | -35.7 -32.3 255 39 20 8.0 4.4
30000 -31.2 -24.2 260 33 17 7.6 4.2 | -30.6 -23.1 255 37 19 7.4 4.1
29000 -29.0 -20.2 260 33 17 7.6 4.2 | -28.4 -19.1 255 37 19 7.4 4.1
28000 -26.7 -16.1 260 33 17 7.6 4.1 | -26.1 -15.0 250 36 18 7.4 4.1
27000 -24.6 -12.3 255 31 16 6.8 3.7 | -24.0 -11.2 250 36 18 7.1 3.9
26000 -22.6 -8.7 250 29 15 6.8 3.7 | -21.9 -7.4 245 35 18 7.1 3.9
25000 -20.6 -5.1 245 28 14 6.8 3.7 | -19.7 -3.5 245 35 18 7.1 3.9
24000 -18.3 -0.9 240 27 14 7.9 4.4 | -17.5 0.5 240 35 18 7.6 4.2
23000 -15.9 3.4 240 27 14 8.0 4.4 | -15.3 4.5 240 35 18 7.6 4.2
22000 -13.5 7.7 240 26 14 8.0 4.4 | -13.1 8.4 240 34 18 7.7 4.2
21000 -11.4 11.5 240 28 15 6.8 3.7 | -10.9 12.4 240 34 17 6.8 3.7
20000 -9.3 15.3 235 31 16 6.8 3.7 | -8.9 16.0 240 34 17 6.8 3.7
19500 -8.3 17.1 235 33 17 6.8 3.7 | -7.9 17.8 240 34 17 6.8 3.7
19000 -7.3 18.9 235 34 18 7.0 3.9 | -6.9 19.6 240 34 17 7.2 3.9
18500 -6.1 21.0 230 36 18 7.6 4.2 | -5.7 21.7 240 33 17 8.0 4.4
18000 -5.0 23.0 225 38 19 7.5 4.1 | -4.5 23.9 240 33 17 7.9 4.4
17500 -3.9 25.0 225 39 20 8.5 4.7 | -3.3 26.1 240 32 17 9.1 5.0
17000 -2.6 27.3 220 40 21 8.6 4.7 | -1.9 28.6 240 28 15 9.3 5.1
16500 -1.3 29.7 220 41 21 8.2 4.5 | -0.6 30.9 240 25 13 9.1 5.0
16000 0.3 32.5 215 40 21 7.3 4.0 | 0.7 33.3 245 25 13 8.4 4.6
15500 1.4 34.5 215 40 20 7.6 4.2 | 2.0 35.6 245 25 13 8.6 4.7
15000 2.5 36.5 215 37 19 8.5 4.6 | 3.7 38.7 245 26 13 7.4 4.1
14500 3.5 38.3 215 34 17 4.1 2.2 | 4.6 40.3 240 26 13 3.7 2.0
14000 4.3 39.7 215 30 16 7.5 4.1 | 5.2 41.4 235 25 13 5.6 3.1
13500 5.4 41.7 215 27 14 6.7 3.7 | 6.0 42.8 235 24 13 4.9 2.7
13000 6.5 43.7 215 24 13 8.9 4.9 | 6.9 44.4 230 24 12 8.4 4.6
12500 7.8 46.0 220 22 12 8.6 4.7 | 8.1 46.6 225 22 11 8.4 4.6
12000 9.2 48.6 220 20 10 9.0 4.9 | 9.2 48.6 220 21 11 9.2 5.1
11750 9.8 49.6 220 19 10 7.8 4.3 | 10.0 50.0 220 21 11 10.9 6.0
11500 10.4 50.7 225 18 9 8.2 4.5 | 10.8 51.4 220 21 11 10.5 5.8
11250 11.0 51.8 225 18 9 7.7 4.2 | 11.6 52.9 220 20 11 10.4 5.7
11000 11.5 52.7 225 17 9 6.8 3.8 | 12.4 54.3 220 20 10 9.4 5.1
10750 12.0 53.6 225 16 8 5.0 2.7 | 13.0 55.4 220 20 10 9.8 5.4
10500 12.2 54.0 225 15 8 3.8 2.1 | 13.8 56.8 220 20 10 10.6 5.8
10250 12.5 54.5 225 14 7 4.6 2.5 | 14.6 58.3 220 20 10 10.6 5.8
10000 12.9 55.2 225 13 7 6.0 3.3 | 15.4 59.7 220 19 10 11.4 6.3
9750 13.3 55.9 225 12 6 7.6 4.2 | 16.3 61.3 220 19 10 12.4 6.8
9500 13.9 57.0 220 11 6 8.7 4.8 | 17.2 63.0 215 18 9 10.0 5.5
9250 14.7 58.5 220 10 5 15.2 8.3 | 18.0 64.4 215 17 9 17.3 9.5
9000 16.7 62.1 220 8 4 46.7 25.6 | 21.2 70.2 215 15 8 85.5 46.9
8750 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8000 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
06/17/2024 at 1500 MDT | 06/17/2024 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... 0.0 LI... +0.3 | CAPE... 0.0 LI... +0.6
CINH... 0.0 K Index... +5.3 | CINH... 0.0 K Index... +4.5
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -62.0 -79.6 240 44 23 1.4 0.8 | -61.9 -79.4 240 39 20 2.0 1.1
45000 -59.1 -74.4 250 53 27 3.2 1.8 | -58.4 -73.1 250 51 26 2.9 1.6
40000 -53.8 -64.8 255 42 22 7.7 4.2 | -53.6 -64.5 245 47 24 7.5 4.1
38000 -49.4 -56.9 255 43 22 7.4 4.0 | -49.3 -56.7 250 49 25 7.2 4.0
36000 -44.9 -48.8 260 44 23 7.4 4.1 | -45.0 -49.0 250 51 26 7.2 4.0
34000 -40.2 -40.4 260 46 23 8.0 4.4 | -40.2 -40.4 250 51 26 8.2 4.5
32000 -35.4 -31.7 260 47 24 8.0 4.4 | -35.3 -31.5 250 51 26 8.3 4.5
30000 -30.1 -22.2 255 45 23 8.0 4.4 | -29.6 -21.3 250 48 24 8.4 4.6
29000 -27.7 -17.9 250 44 23 8.0 4.4 | -27.1 -16.8 250 46 24 8.4 4.6
28000 -25.3 -13.5 250 43 22 8.0 4.4 | -24.6 -12.3 250 44 23 8.1 4.5
27000 -22.9 -9.2 250 41 21 7.8 4.3 | -22.6 -8.7 250 43 22 6.7 3.7
26000 -20.6 -5.1 245 39 20 7.8 4.3 | -20.6 -5.1 245 43 22 6.7 3.7
25000 -18.3 -0.9 245 37 19 7.9 4.3 | -18.6 -1.5 245 42 22 6.8 3.7
24000 -16.3 2.7 245 37 19 5.7 3.1 | -16.5 2.3 245 42 22 6.9 3.8
23000 -14.6 5.7 240 38 20 5.7 3.1 | -14.4 6.1 245 42 21 6.9 3.8
22000 -12.9 8.8 240 39 20 5.6 3.1 | -12.3 9.9 245 41 21 7.0 3.8
21000 -11.0 12.2 240 39 20 6.9 3.8 | -10.5 13.1 250 40 21 5.9 3.2
20000 -9.0 15.8 240 37 19 7.0 3.8 | -8.7 16.3 250 38 20 6.0 3.3
19500 -7.9 17.8 240 36 19 7.0 3.9 | -7.9 17.8 250 37 19 6.1 3.3
19000 -6.9 19.6 245 35 18 7.2 3.9 | -7.0 19.4 250 36 19 6.5 3.6
18500 -5.8 21.6 245 33 17 7.6 4.2 | -5.9 21.4 250 35 18 7.9 4.3
18000 -4.7 23.5 245 31 16 7.5 4.1 | -4.8 23.4 250 34 18 7.8 4.3
17500 -3.6 25.5 245 30 15 8.5 4.7 | -3.7 25.3 250 34 17 8.3 4.6
17000 -2.3 27.9 240 29 15 8.6 4.7 | -2.4 27.7 250 33 17 8.4 4.6
16500 -1.0 30.2 240 28 14 8.5 4.7 | -1.2 29.8 250 33 17 8.4 4.6
16000 0.3 32.5 240 27 14 8.2 4.5 | 0.1 32.2 245 33 17 8.2 4.5
15500 1.5 34.7 235 26 13 7.9 4.3 | 1.9 35.4 245 33 17 9.4 5.1
15000 3.7 38.7 235 25 13 11.5 6.3 | 3.5 38.3 240 33 17 12.0 6.6
14500 5.1 41.2 230 25 13 6.3 3.4 | 4.8 40.6 240 33 17 4.3 2.4
14000 6.3 43.3 225 25 13 9.1 5.0 | 5.9 42.6 235 33 17 10.1 5.5
13500 7.5 45.5 225 25 13 8.5 4.7 | 7.4 45.3 230 33 17 8.5 4.7
13000 8.9 48.0 220 25 13 9.9 5.4 | 8.6 47.5 230 33 17 9.4 5.1
12500 10.3 50.5 220 25 13 10.1 5.5 | 10.0 50.0 225 33 17 9.8 5.4
12000 11.7 53.1 220 25 13 9.4 5.2 | 11.4 52.5 225 32 17 9.6 5.2
11750 12.5 54.5 220 25 13 10.5 5.8 | 12.2 54.0 225 32 17 10.1 5.5
11500 13.3 55.9 220 25 13 10.2 5.6 | 12.9 55.2 225 32 16 10.0 5.5
11250 14.0 57.2 220 25 13 10.2 5.6 | 13.7 56.7 225 32 16 10.0 5.5
11000 14.8 58.6 220 25 13 9.7 5.3 | 14.4 57.9 225 32 16 9.7 5.3
10750 15.5 59.9 215 24 13 10.3 5.6 | 15.1 59.2 225 31 16 9.9 5.4
10500 16.3 61.3 215 24 12 11.0 6.0 | 15.9 60.6 220 31 16 10.3 5.7
10250 17.1 62.8 215 24 12 10.8 5.9 | 16.6 61.9 220 31 16 10.0 5.5
10000 17.9 64.2 215 24 12 11.1 6.1 | 17.4 63.3 220 30 16 11.0 6.1
9750 18.8 65.8 215 23 12 11.7 6.4 | 18.3 64.9 220 29 15 11.8 6.5
9500 19.6 67.3 215 22 11 9.1 5.0 | 19.1 66.4 220 28 14 9.2 5.1
9250 20.4 68.7 215 21 11 16.2 8.9 | 19.8 67.6 220 25 13 11.9 6.5
9000 23.5 74.3 215 17 9 87.1 47.8 | 21.6 70.9 220 19 10 46.4 25.5
8750 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8000 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued twice per day, once by approximately 0630 MST/0730 MDT
(1330 UTC). It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on rawinsonde observation and/or
numerical weather prediction model data taken near Villa Grove, Colorado at:
North Latitude: 38 deg 16 min 03 sec
West Longitude: 105 deg 53 min 37 sec
Elevation: 7986 feet (2434 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas along the Front Range of the
Colorado Rocky Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments and suggestions are welcome and should
be directed to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this
page. To expedite a response to comments, be sure to mention your interest in
the soaring forecast.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CIN (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel`s initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
042613