-- Discussion containing changed information from previous version are highlighted. --
038
FXUS61 KBOX 141423
AFDBOX

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Boston/Norton MA
1023 AM EDT Tue May 14 2024

.SYNOPSIS...
-- Changed Discussion --
Warm and mainly dry today with some uncertainty regarding how
mild Wednesday will be. Heading into a cloudier and unsettled
weather pattern for late in the week into the weekend, as a
series of slow-moving upper level disturbances move through
Southern New England. While it is not likely to be raining the
entire period, at least hit or miss showers can`t be ruled out
at any time. Temperatures for late in the week into the weekend
trend slightly cooler than normal on high temperatures and
milder than normal on the lows.
-- End Changed Discussion --

&&

.NEAR TERM /UNTIL 6 PM THIS EVENING/...

-- Changed Discussion --
1015 AM Update:

*** Pick of the week today ***

Previous forecast remains on track when compared to satellite
and surface observations. Temps are already off to the races
with 68 degs at Norwood! Warm temps aloft (+16C at 925 mb and
+11C at 850 mb) will combine with abundant sunshine to support
highs around 80 away from the south coast. Highs only in the 60s
along the south coast, as SW winds stream across SSTs in the
50s. Speaking of winds, increasing pressure gradient will yield
breezy conditions with SW winds 15-25 mph. Already seeing gusts
up to 21/22 kt at MVY and HYA. This will also preclude seabreeze
development, thus 75-80 highs for the eastern MA coastline from
Plymouth county northward to the MA/NH border, including the
city of Boston.
-- End Changed Discussion --

&&

.SHORT TERM /6 PM THIS EVENING THROUGH 6 PM WEDNESDAY/...

Showers remain possible for western MA and CT tonight but weak mid
level height rises have dampened the signal overnight for any
widespread precip. While dewpoint depressions will be quite small,
southerly flow overnight should remain brisk enough, between 5-10kt,
to keep widespread fog at bay. Lows will bottom out in the mid to
even upper 50s region wide, coolest across the Cape.

Wednesday`s forecast proves to be a bit tricky as low pressure
emerges off the mid-Atlantic coast. Overnight guidance took a
significant step in the "drier and warmer" direction with low
pressure remaining suppressed to our south for much of the day. With
mid level ridge still in place, and 925mb temperatures still mild
between 13-15C, the temperature forecast will be highly dependent on
cloud cover and our mixing potential. Should sunshine break out for
a good portion of the morning, it`s very possible temps soar into
the mid 70s region wide. With that said, anticipating cloud cover
will be most robust across the CT River Valley, in part due to an
eastward advancing weak boundary, so the warmest temperatures in our
region will be across the Merrimack River Valley and across SE MA.
Given the rather sudden shift in guidance, heavily weighted the
temperatures forecast using NBM, but later forecasters may choose a
more aggressive temperatures forecast should a sunnier trend
continue. In order to derive warmer temperatures, also trended the
PoP and Sky cover forecast in a more favorable (clearer and drier)
direction that supports deeper mixing.

Shower chances will increase late Wednesday from south to north as
the precipitation shield associated with the low is able push across
southern RI and the Cape. Again utilized NBM for the QPF
forecast.

&&

.LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY NIGHT THROUGH MONDAY/...

Highlights:

* Unsettled late week into the weekend, although below-average
  confidence in temps and rain chances in this period.

* Won`t be raining the whole time, with Fri offering some potential
  for drier weather, but generally cloudy with periods of at least
  possible showers.

* Seasonable to slightly cooler than normal highs, with milder
  nighttime lows.

Details:

Global ensembles point to a generally unsettled and slow-evolving
pattern through a large portion of this forecast period. Southern
New England`s weather looks to be governed by a weakening/filling
upper low detached from the westerlies through late in the week,
then right on its heels is another shortwave disturbance that is
poised to approach and cross our area around the weekend.
Unfortunately that`s really all that can be said as there is quite a
bit of uncertainty as far as the location and progression of these
two trough features; thus, below-average forecast confidence in
temps, PoP and rain amts in light of this uncertainty in mass field
details. Took a pretty broad-stroked brush as far the forecast goes
in this period; while most days have some mentionable PoP, it there
will likely be periods of dry weather in between and it is not
likely we`re looking at significant rain amts. With a cloudier-than-
not forecast period and a few days of onshore breezes leading to
shallower mixing depths, highs were seasonable or slightly cooler
than normal and lows were milder than normal.

Wednesday Night through Friday:

Upper low initially over the OH Valley early Wed night progresses
slowly offshore of the NJ coast and deamplifying as it does so; this
puts SNE on the northern end of the upper-level circulation. These
signals are not typically conducive to significant precip, with the
better chances for steadier light rains on Thurs and mainly south of
the Mass Pike. I do think the 00z GFS depiction regarding the
eastward progression is still too progressive and leaned somewhat
toward the slower ECMWF/GEM evolution. With E/SE onshore flow, highs
in the upper 50s to low 60s near the coasts with highs well into the
60s; however 850 mb temps are quite warm (around +8 to +10C) and
would favor highs several degrees warmer if we can fully mix, but I
just don`t see that happening.

With weakening shortwave ridge axis poking NE into SNE around Fri,
that could be a relatively drier day with lower (around 15-20%) PoP
indicated for Fri. Highs Fri could reach into the lower to mid 70s
in the CT Valley and western MA, with cooler 60s readings the
further east one goes.

The Weekend into Monday:

This latter period perhaps is the most uncertain with guidance
struggling with poor congruence both across modeling systems but
also from run-to-run. Interaction, if any, between the slowly-
exiting late-weekday upper low and an approaching trough from the
OH/TN Valleys probably is contributing to that run-to-run disparity.
Opted to keep the forecast with a mention of PoP along with a
considerable degree of cloud cover, but that will need to be better
defined once models show better agreement in timing and placement of
key features. While there are some solutions which indicate a dry
weekend and favor better rain chances on Monday, it`s probably too
hasty to lock in that drier outcome just yet.

&&

.AVIATION /14Z TUESDAY THROUGH SATURDAY/...
-- Changed Discussion --
Forecast Confidence Levels:

Low - less than 30 percent.
Moderate - 30 to 60 percent.
High - greater than 60 percent.

15Z TAF Update: VFR and increasing SW winds 15-25 kt at times.
Dry weather prevails. No change from previous TAFs. Earlier
discussion below.

---------------------------------------------------------------

Tonight...High confidence.

VFR. Scattered showers are possible across northern MA, with at
times briefly lower VFR CIGs 3-5k ft. Winds are south to
southwest 5 to 10 knots.

Today: High confidence.

VFR. There could be a spotty SHRA/TS around or west of the
Berkshires but unlikely anywhere else in Southern New England.
Steady southwest winds with gusts developing in the afternoon 20
to 25 knots.

Tonight...High confidence.

VFR with lowering cigs to around 4000-5000ft in western MA/CT by
daybreak where isolated showers are possible. Winds remain
persistent from the S/SW overnight.

Wednesday... Moderate Confidence

Tricky forecast Wednesday with low pressure to our south, but
drier trend has developed. Generally VFR with pockets of MVFR. Isolated
shower chances persist for western MA/CT but a mix of sun and
clouds for eastern terminals. Showers associated with low
pressure will remain south until early evening but may impact
Cape/Islands/srn RI terminals by 00Z. S/SW winds shift to the
SE.

KBOS TAF...High confidence in TAF.

VFR. Breezy southwest winds with gusts 20 to 25 knots mitigate
sea-breeze potential today.

KBDL TAF...High confidence in TAF. Early IFR ceilings should
prevail until about 13z before trending VFR. Increasing wind
speeds Tuesday with gusts 20 to 25 knots possible. Isolated
shower chances late this evening.

Outlook /Wednesday Night through Saturday/...

Wednesday Night: Mainly VFR, with local MVFR possible. Breezy.
Chance SHRA.

Thursday: Mainly VFR, with local MVFR possible. Breezy. Chance
RA.

Thursday Night through Friday: VFR. Breezy. Slight chance RA.

Friday Night: Mainly VFR, with local MVFR possible. Breezy.
Slight chance RA.

Saturday: Mainly VFR, with local IFR possible. Breezy. Chance
RA.
-- End Changed Discussion --

&&

.MARINE...
Forecaster Confidence Levels:

Low - less than 30 percent.
Medium - 30 to 60 percent.
High - greater than 60 percent.

Update: 3 AM

Through Wednesday....


S/SW winds persist through Tuesday night before shifting to the
SE Wednesday afternoon. Gusts to 25kt possible this afternoon
for our far NE waters, though the short fused and small
zonal coverage nature of the conditions has prompted us to hold
off on a Small Craft Advisory between 15-03Z this evening.
Generally dry on today with isolated shower chances for the
eastern waters this morning. Shower chances increase for the
southern waters late Wednesday as low pressure creeps north from
the mid- Atlantic coast.

Outlook /Wednesday Night

Wednesday Night: Winds less than 25 kt. Local rough seas.
Chance of rain showers.

Thursday: Winds less than 25 kt. Areas of rough seas. Chance of
rain.

Thursday Night: Low risk for Small Craft Advisory winds with
gusts up to 25 kt. Areas of rough seas. Chance of rain.

Friday: Low risk for Small Craft Advisory winds with gusts up
to 25 kt. Seas up to 5 ft. Slight chance of rain.

Friday Night through Saturday: Winds less than 25 kt. Seas up
to 5 ft. Slight chance of rain.

&&

.BOX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
CT...None.
MA...None.
RI...None.
MARINE...None.

&&

$$

SYNOPSIS...Loconto/KS
NEAR TERM...Nocera
SHORT TERM...KS
LONG TERM...Loconto
AVIATION...Loconto/Nocera/KS
MARINE...Loconto/KS