Weather observations for the past three days for
West Bend Municipal Airport
Metric (Imperial)
Date Time (cst) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºC) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) Pressure Precipitation (cm)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
25 06:55 NW 24 G 41 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -10 74% -13 75.13 0.0
25 06:35 NW 22 G 39 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT026 -5 -10 68% -11 75.11 0.0
25 06:15 NW 26 G 35 16.09 Fair CLR -5 -9 74% -12 75.06 0.0
25 05:55 NW 26 G 37 16.09 Fair CLR -4 -8 74% -11 75.01 0.0
25 05:35 NW 15 G 31 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT029 -3 -7 74% -8 75.01 0.0
25 05:15 W 26 G 39 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT025 -3 -7 74% -9 74.98 0.0
25 04:55 NW 15 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT025 SCT032 -2 -6 74% -6 74.96 0.0
25 04:35 NW 26 G 37 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 -2 -6 74% -8 74.93 0.0
25 04:15 NW 31 G 39 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 -1 -5 75% -7 74.9 0.0
25 03:55 NW 30 G 39 16.09 Overcast OVC023 0 -4 75% -6 74.88 0.0
25 03:40 NW 20 G 30 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN023 BKN028 0 -3 80% -5 74.88 0.0
25 03:15 NW 24 G 43 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 0 -3 80% -5 74.85 0.0
25 02:55 W 20 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 0 -3 80% -5 74.85 0.0
25 02:35 W 20 G 30 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT027 0 -3 80% -5 74.85 0.0
25 02:15 W 22 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT026 0 -3 80% -5 74.85 0.0
25 01:55 W 19 G 26 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -3 80% -5 74.85 0.0
25 01:35 W 20 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT110 0 -3 80% -5 74.85 0.0
25 01:15 W 19 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 0 -3 80% -5 74.85 0.0
25 00:55 W 20 G 30 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 0 -2 87% -5 74.83 0.0
25 00:35 W 17 16.09 Overcast OVC110 0 -2 87% -4 74.83 0.0
25 00:15 W 13 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 0 -3 80% -4 74.83 0.0
24 23:55 W 15 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -3 86% -5 74.83 0.0
24 23:35 W 15 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -3 86% -5 74.83 0.0
24 23:15 W 17 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -3 86% -6 74.83 0.0
24 22:55 W 17 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -3 80% -4 74.83 0.0
24 22:35 W 20 G 30 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -3 80% -5 74.83 0.0
24 22:15 W 15 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -2 87% -4 74.83 0.0
24 21:55 W 15 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -2 87% -4 74.83 0.0
24 21:35 W 15 G 30 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -2 87% -4 74.83 0.0
24 21:15 W 17 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -2 87% -4 74.8 0.0
24 20:55 W 22 G 35 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN019 0 -2 87% -5 74.8 0.0
24 20:35 W 31 G 44 16.09 Overcast OVC019 0 -2 87% -6 74.8 0.0
24 20:15 W 28 G 39 16.09 Overcast OVC021 0 -1 93% -6 74.8 0.0
24 19:55 W 22 G 30 16.09 Overcast OVC021 0 -1 93% -5 74.83 0.0
24 19:35 W 20 G 31 16.09 Overcast OVC023 0 -1 93% -5 74.83 0.0
24 19:15 W 22 G 28 16.09 Overcast OVC025 0 -1 93% -5 74.8 0.0
24 18:55 W 22 G 33 16.09 Overcast BKN027 OVC032 0 -1 93% -5 74.83 0.0
24 18:35 W 19 G 30 16.09 Overcast SCT012 SCT019 OVC033 0 -1 93% -5 74.8 0.0
24 18:15 W 17 4.83 Light Snow SCT012 BKN016 OVC027 0 0 100% -4 74.8 0.0
24 17:55 W 17 G 31 8.05 Light Snow BKN012 OVC027 0 -1 93% -4 74.8 0.0
24 17:35 W 15 4.83 Light Snow OVC012 0 0 100% -4 74.8 0.0
24 17:15 W 17 2.82 Light Snow OVC013 0 0 100% -4 74.8 0.0
24 16:55 W 17 1.61 Light Snow OVC013 0 -1 93% -4 74.78 0.0
24 16:35 W 19 G 41 11.27 Light Snow SCT024 BKN040 OVC049 2 -6 56% -2 74.78 0.0
24 16:15 W 30 G 41 16.09 Overcast SCT047 BKN085 OVC110 2 -6 56% -3 74.73 0.0
24 15:55 SW 17 G 43 16.09 Overcast SCT080 OVC100 2 -7 52% -2 74.73 0.0
24 15:35 SW 35 G 43 16.09 Mostly Cloudy and Breezy BKN090 BKN110 2 -7 52% -4 74.7 0.0
24 15:15 SW 31 G 44 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT100 SCT120 2 -7 52% -4 74.73 0.0
24 14:55 SW 31 G 41 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT110 2 -7 52% -4 74.73 0.0
24 14:35 SW 28 G 46 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT100 2 -7 52% -3 74.75 0.0
24 14:15 SW 30 G 41 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT090 2 -8 48% -3 74.78 0.0
24 13:55 SW 35 G 52 16.09 Partly Cloudy and Breezy SCT090 2 -8 48% -4 74.8 0.0
24 13:35 S 28 G 43 16.09 Fair CLR 2 -8 48% -3 74.88 0.0
24 13:15 SW 26 G 39 16.09 Fair CLR 2 -8 48% -3 74.93 0.0
24 12:55 S 30 G 41 16.09 Fair CLR 1 -9 48% -5 75.01 0.0
24 12:35 SW 20 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT100 1 -10 44% -4 75.08 0.0
24 12:15 SW 17 G 31 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT100 1 -10 44% -3 75.13 0.0
24 11:55 S 17 G 35 16.09 Fair CLR 1 -10 44% -3 75.16 0.0
24 11:35 S 24 G 31 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -9 51% -5 75.18 0.0
24 11:15 S 22 G 33 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -9 51% -5 75.21 0.0
24 10:55 S 26 G 37 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -9 51% -6 75.26 0.0
24 10:35 S 28 G 41 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -9 51% -6 75.34 0.0
24 10:15 S 26 G 35 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -9 51% -6 75.39 0.0
24 09:55 S 22 G 31 16.09 Fair CLR 0 -8 55% -5 75.46 0.0
24 09:35 S 28 G 41 16.09 Fair CLR -1 -8 59% -7 75.49 0.0
24 09:15 S 33 G 44 16.09 Fair and Breezy CLR -1 -8 59% -8 75.54 0.0
24 08:55 S 20 G 37 16.09 Fair CLR -2 -8 64% -7 75.59 0.0
24 08:35 S 24 G 35 16.09 Fair CLR -2 -7 69% -8 75.64 0.0
24 08:15 S 15 G 28 16.09 Fair CLR -3 -7 74% -8 75.69 0.0
24 07:55 S 13 16.09 Fair CLR -5 -7 86% -10 75.77 0.0
24 07:35 S 13 16.09 Fair CLR -5 -7 86% -10 75.84 0.0
24 07:15 S 9 16.09 Fair CLR -5 -7 86% -9 75.92 0.0
24 06:55 S 11 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -7 93% -10 75.95 0.0
24 06:35 S 9 16.09 Fair CLR -5 -7 86% -9 76 0.0
24 06:15 S 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 -5 -7 86% -10 76 0.0
24 05:55 S 9 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 -5 -7 86% -9 76.05 0.0
24 05:35 S 11 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN110 -5 -7 86% -9 76.1 0.0
24 05:15 S 7 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -7 93% -9 76.15 0.0
24 04:55 S 7 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -7 93% -9 76.2 0.0
24 04:35 S 11 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -7 93% -10 76.23 0.0
24 04:15 S 9 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -7 93% -10 76.28 0.0
24 03:55 S 9 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -8 86% -10 76.33 0.0
24 03:35 S 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 -6 -8 86% -9 76.35 0.0
24 03:15 S 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 -6 -8 86% -10 76.4 0.0
24 02:55 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 -6 -8 86% 76.43 0.0
24 02:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -9 80% 76.5 0.0
24 02:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -9 86% 76.53 0.0
24 01:55 S 6 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -9 86% 76.56 0.0
24 01:35 S 6 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -9 86% 76.58 0.0
24 01:15 S 6 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -9 86% 76.61 0.0
24 00:55 S 6 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -10 79% 76.61 0.0
24 00:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -10 79% 76.63 0.0
24 00:15 S 6 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -9 86% 76.66 0.0
23 23:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -9 86% 76.71 0.0
23 23:35 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 -7 -8 93% 76.71 0.0
23 23:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 -6 -8 86% 76.76 0.0
23 22:55 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 -6 -8 86% 76.78 0.0
23 22:35 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN120 -6 -8 86% 76.78 0.0
23 22:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT120 -7 -8 93% 76.84 0.0
23 21:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -8 93% 76.86 0.0
23 21:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -8 93% 76.89 0.0
23 21:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -9 86% 76.91 0.0
23 20:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -9 86% 76.94 0.0
23 20:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -8 93% 76.96 0.0
23 20:15 E 6 16.09 Fair CLR -7 -10 79% 76.99 0.0
23 19:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -9 80% 77.01 0.0
23 19:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -10 74% 77.04 0.0
23 19:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -5 -10 68% 77.09 0.0
23 18:55 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR -5 -10 68% 77.09 0.0
23 18:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -5 -10 68% 77.09 0.0
23 18:15 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR -5 -10 68% 77.11 0.0
23 17:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR -5 -10 68% 77.11 0.0
23 17:35 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR -4 -11 59% -7 77.11 0.0
23 17:15 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR -3 -11 54% -6 77.11 0.0
23 16:55 NW 9 16.09 Fair CLR -3 -11 54% -6 77.14 0.0
23 16:35 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR -3 -11 54% -6 77.17 0.0
23 16:15 NW 11 16.09 Fair CLR -3 -11 54% -7 77.19 0.0
23 15:55 NW 13 16.09 Fair CLR -3 -11 54% -7 77.19 0.0
23 15:35 NW 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT030 -2 -11 51% -6 77.22 0.0
23 15:15 NW 15 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT030 -3 -11 54% -8 77.22 0.0
23 14:55 NW 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT030 -3 -11 54% -6 77.24 0.0
23 14:35 NW 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT027 -3 -11 54% -7 77.24 0.0
23 14:15 N 15 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN027 -3 -11 54% -8 77.27 0.0
23 13:55 NW 19 G 26 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN027 -3 -10 59% -8 77.27 0.0
23 13:35 W 15 G 26 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN027 -3 -10 59% -8 77.27 0.0
23 13:15 NW 19 G 37 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN027 -3 -10 59% -8 77.29 0.0
23 12:55 N 13 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN027 -3 -11 54% -7 77.29 0.0
23 12:35 N 15 16.09 Overcast OVC027 -4 -11 59% -9 77.32 0.0
23 12:15 N 19 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -3 -10 59% -8 77.34 0.0
23 11:55 NW 17 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 -4 -11 59% -9 77.37 0.0
23 11:35 N 15 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -5 -11 63% -10 77.39 0.0
23 11:15 NW 20 G 26 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 -5 -11 63% -11 77.42 0.0
23 10:55 N 19 G 28 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -5 -11 63% -11 77.42 0.0
23 10:35 NW 24 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 -5 -11 63% -12 77.42 0.0
23 10:15 NW 22 G 30 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -5 -11 63% -11 77.42 0.0
23 09:55 N 13 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -5 -11 63% -10 77.42 0.0
23 09:35 N 22 G 33 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -6 -12 63% -13 77.42 0.0
23 09:15 NW 22 G 33 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -6 -11 68% -13 77.42 0.0
23 08:55 N 26 G 33 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -6 -11 68% -13 77.39 0.0
23 08:35 N 11 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -6 -11 68% -10 77.39 0.0
23 08:15 N 19 G 31 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -6 -11 68% -12 77.39 0.0
23 07:55 N 17 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -7 -11 73% -13 77.39 0.0
23 07:35 N 22 G 33 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -6 -11 68% -13 77.39 0.0
23 07:15 N 20 G 30 16.09 Light Snow OVC025 -7 -10 79% -14 77.37 0.0
23 06:55 N 15 G 35 16.09 Light Snow OVC025 -7 -10 79% -12 77.34 0.0
23 06:35 N 19 G 33 16.09 Light Snow OVC025 -7 -10 79% -13 77.34 0.0
23 06:15 N 24 G 35 16.09 Light Snow OVC025 -6 -10 74% -13 77.34 0.0
23 05:55 N 24 G 35 16.09 Light Snow OVC025 -6 -10 74% -13 77.34 0.0
23 05:35 N 24 G 33 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -6 -10 74% -13 77.34 0.0
23 05:15 NW 28 G 35 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -6 -10 74% -13 77.32 0.0
23 04:55 N 26 G 35 16.09 Overcast OVC025 -6 -10 74% -13 77.29 0.0
23 04:35 N 26 G 43 16.09 Overcast OVC027 -6 -10 74% -13 77.29 0.0
23 04:15 N 22 G 35 16.09 Overcast OVC027 -6 -10 74% -13 77.29 0.0
23 03:55 N 15 G 30 16.09 Overcast OVC027 -5 -9 74% -10 77.27 0.0
23 03:35 N 24 G 39 16.09 Overcast OVC029 -5 -10 68% -12 77.27 0.0
23 03:15 N 24 G 31 16.09 Overcast OVC029 -5 -10 68% -12 77.24 0.0
23 02:55 NW 24 G 31 16.09 Overcast OVC029 -5 -9 74% -12 77.22 0.0
23 02:35 N 20 G 35 16.09 Overcast OVC029 -5 -10 68% -11 77.22 0.0
23 02:15 NW 15 G 28 16.09 Overcast OVC029 -5 -9 74% -10 77.22 0.0
23 01:55 NW 19 G 35 16.09 Overcast OVC029 -5 -9 74% -11 77.22 0.0
23 01:35 NW 20 G 33 16.09 Overcast OVC029 -5 -9 74% -11 77.22 0.0
23 01:15 NW 19 G 35 16.09 Overcast OVC027 -5 -9 74% -11 77.19 0.0
23 00:55 NW 20 G 33 16.09 Overcast OVC027 -5 -9 74% -11 77.19 0.0
23 00:35 NW 22 G 31 16.09 Overcast OVC031 -5 -9 74% -11 77.19 0.0
23 00:15 NW 22 G 35 16.09 Overcast OVC031 -5 -10 68% -11 77.17 0.0
22 23:55 N 17 G 28 16.09 Overcast OVC031 -5 -9 74% -10 77.17 0.0
22 23:35 NW 20 G 28 16.09 Overcast OVC033 -5 -8 80% -11 77.14 0.0
22 23:15 N 20 G 28 16.09 Overcast OVC035 -5 -8 80% -11 77.14 0.0
22 22:55 NW 20 G 31 16.09 Overcast OVC039 -5 -8 80% -11 77.14 0.0
22 22:35 NW 20 G 30 16.09 Light Snow SCT025 BKN030 OVC041 -5 -8 80% -11 77.14 0.0
22 22:15 N 24 G 33 16.09 Light Snow SCT025 OVC032 -5 -8 80% -12 77.14 0.0
22 21:55 NW 20 16.09 Light Snow OVC034 -5 -7 86% -11 77.14 0.0
22 21:35 NW 26 G 31 16.09 Light Snow SCT019 SCT027 OVC036 -5 -7 86% -12 77.14 0.0
22 21:15 NW 22 G 31 16.09 Light Snow SCT023 BKN030 OVC036 -5 -7 86% -11 77.14 0.0
22 20:55 NW 19 16.09 Light Snow SCT027 OVC035 -5 -7 86% -11 77.14 0.0
22 20:35 NW 19 G 30 16.09 Light Snow OVC040 -5 -7 86% -11 77.11 0.0
22 20:15 NW 24 G 35 16.09 Light Snow SCT022 SCT031 OVC042 -6 -8 86% -13 77.11 0.0
22 19:55 NW 19 G 35 16.09 Light Snow SCT017 BKN022 OVC031 -6 -8 86% -12 77.11 0.0
22 19:35 NW 24 G 33 16.09 Light Snow SCT017 SCT027 OVC035 -6 -8 86% -13 77.11 0.0
22 19:15 NW 20 G 41 16.09 Light Snow SCT026 SCT035 BKN042 -6 -8 86% -12 77.11 0.0
22 18:55 NW 24 G 30 16.09 Fair CLR -6 -8 86% -13 77.09 0.0
22 18:35 NW 30 G 37 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT024 SCT036 BKN049 -6 -8 86% -14 77.09 0.0
22 18:15 NW 26 G 41 11.27 Overcast SCT016 SCT025 OVC038 -6 -7 93% -13 77.09 0.0
22 17:55 NW 22 G 31 11.27 Light Snow SCT018 BKN034 OVC042 -5 -7 86% -11 77.06 0.0
22 17:35 NW 28 G 43 8.05 Light Snow SCT018 BKN032 OVC038 -5 -7 86% -12 77.04 0.0
22 17:15 NW 28 G 37 11.27 Light Snow SCT018 BKN024 OVC034 -5 -7 86% -12 77.01 0.0
22 16:55 NW 24 G 33 6.44 Light Snow BKN018 BKN024 OVC030 -4 -6 86% -10 77.01 0.0
22 16:35 NW 20 8.05 Light Snow BKN020 OVC028 -4 -7 80% -10 76.99 0.0
22 16:15 NW 24 G 39 11.27 Light Snow BKN024 OVC028 -3 -7 74% -9 76.96 0.0
22 15:55 NW 22 G 35 16.09 Light Snow OVC024 -3 -7 74% -9 76.96 0.0
22 15:35 NW 24 G 33 16.09 Light Snow OVC026 -3 -7 74% -9 76.94 0.0
22 15:15 NW 22 G 35 16.09 Overcast OVC026 -3 -8 69% -9 76.91 0.0
22 14:55 NW 26 G 43 16.09 Light Snow BKN024 OVC029 -3 -8 69% -9 76.91 0.0
22 14:35 W 28 G 44 16.09 Overcast OVC026 -3 -7 74% -10 76.89 0.0
22 14:15 NW 26 16.09 Light Snow OVC026 -3 -7 74% -9 76.89 0.0
22 13:55 NW 35 G 43 16.09 Light Snow and Breezy OVC026 -3 -8 69% -10 76.86 0.0
22 13:35 NW 30 G 43 16.09 Light Snow OVC026 -3 -7 74% -10 76.86 0.0
22 13:15 NW 30 G 46 16.09 Overcast OVC026 -2 -8 64% -9 76.84 0.0
22 12:55 NW 30 G 48 16.09 Overcast BKN026 OVC032 -2 -8 64% -9 76.84 0.0
22 12:35 NW 35 G 50 16.09 Light Snow and Breezy OVC024 -3 -8 69% -10 76.84 0.0
22 12:15 NW 30 G 44 16.09 Overcast OVC024 -2 -7 69% -9 76.84 0.0
22 11:55 NW 33 G 44 16.09 Overcast and Breezy OVC024 -3 -7 74% -10 76.84 0.0
22 11:35 N 28 G 41 16.09 Overcast OVC022 -3 -7 74% -10 76.84 0.0
22 11:15 NW 24 G 48 16.09 Overcast OVC022 -3 -7 74% -9 76.84 0.0
22 10:55 NW 24 G 50 16.09 Overcast OVC020 -4 -8 74% -10 76.84 0.0
22 10:35 NW 31 G 46 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN020 -3 -7 74% -10 76.84 0.0
22 10:15 NW 31 G 46 16.09 Light Snow OVC020 -4 -7 80% -11 76.81 0.0
22 09:55 NW 28 G 39 16.09 Light Snow BKN022 OVC031 -4 -7 80% -11 76.81 0.0
22 09:35 NW 28 G 44 16.09 Light Snow BKN020 OVC030 -4 -8 74% -11 76.81 0.0
22 09:15 NW 31 G 44 16.09 Light Snow OVC018 -5 -8 80% -13 76.78 0.0
22 08:55 NW 22 G 43 11.27 Light Snow OVC018 -5 -8 80% -11 76.78 0.0
22 08:35 NW 30 G 46 11.27 Light Snow OVC018 -5 -8 80% -12 76.78 0.0
22 08:15 NW 24 G 43 8.05 Light Snow OVC016 -6 -8 86% -13 76.76 0.0
22 07:55 NW 28 G 37 11.27 Light Snow SCT018 SCT022 OVC033 -6 -8 86% -13 76.73 0.0
22 07:35 NW 24 G 33 16.09 Light Snow SCT018 BKN035 OVC100 -6 -8 86% -13 76.73 0.0
22 07:15 NW 28 G 39 11.27 Light Snow SCT018 BKN031 OVC100 -5 -8 80% -12 76.71 0.0
Date Time (cst) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºC) Pressure Precipitation (cm)