Weather observations for the past three days for
Louisa, Louisa County Airport/Freeman Field
Metric (Imperial)
Date Time (edt) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Temperature (ºC) Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) Pressure Precipitation (cm)
Air Dwpt 6 hour altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
Max. Min.
26 15:35 SW 6 16.09 Overcast OVC039 28.7 20.5 61% 31 75.9 0.0
26 15:15 SE 6 16.09 Overcast BKN041 OVC070 27.9 19.5 60% 29 75.9 0.0
26 14:55 SE 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT043 SCT049 BKN070 28.6 19.6 58% 30 75.92 0.0
26 14:35 E 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT046 28.1 19.4 59% 30 75.95 0.0
26 14:15 S 9 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN044 28.8 19.8 58% 30 75.95 0.0
26 13:55 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT039 BKN050 28.2 19.3 28.6 20.2 59% 30 75.97 0.0
26 13:35 NE 6 16.09 Overcast OVC037 27.5 19.2 61% 29 76.02 0.0
26 13:15 SW 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT035 SCT055 27.6 20 63% 29 76.02 0.0
26 12:35 SW 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT029 SCT048 27.3 20.2 65% 29 76.05 0.0
26 12:15 S 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT027 SCT033 SCT041 27 20.1 66% 29 76.07 0.0
26 11:15 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN017 24.7 20.7 79% 25 76.1 0.0
26 10:55 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT015 24.1 20.1 78% 25 76.1 0.0
26 10:35 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT013 23.6 19.9 80% 76.1 0.0
26 10:15 W 9 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN011 BKN065 23.9 20.6 82% 24 76.12 0.0
26 09:55 SW 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN009 BKN065 23.3 20.3 83% 76.12 0.0
26 09:35 W 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN009 23 20.5 86% 76.12 0.0
26 09:15 SW 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT007 SCT065 22.5 20.3 87% 76.12 0.0
26 08:55 SW 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT005 SCT065 22 20.1 89% 76.12 0.0
26 08:35 W 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT005 21.4 19.8 91% 76.12 0.0
26 08:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT005 SCT070 20.8 19.5 92% 76.12 0.0
26 07:55 S 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 20.3 19.6 20.3 17 96% 76.1 0.0
26 07:35 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 19.6 19.4 99% 76.12 0.0
26 07:15 S 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN075 19.2 19.1 99% 76.12 0.0
26 06:55 S 6 16.09 Overcast OVC075 18.9 18.8 99% 76.12 0.0
26 06:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT001 OVC075 18.3 18.3 100% 76.12 0.0
26 06:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC075 18.3 18.2 99% 76.1 0.0
26 05:55 SE 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN075 17.9 17.8 99% 76.1 0.0
26 05:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC075 18.2 18.2 100% 76.1 0.0
26 05:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC075 18.5 18.5 100% 76.1 0.0
26 04:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC065 18.6 18.5 99% 76.1 0.0
26 04:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC065 18.2 18.1 99% 76.07 0.0
26 04:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT034 OVC065 17.5 17.4 99% 76.07 0.0
26 03:55 SE 6 16.09 Overcast BKN034 OVC065 17.6 17.5 99% 76.07 0.0
26 03:35 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT026 BKN034 17.1 17 99% 76.07 0.0
26 03:15 Calm 0.80 Fog VV005 17.3 17.2 99% 76.1 0.0
26 02:55 Calm 11.27 Fog/Mist CLR 17.6 17.5 99% 76.1 0.0
26 02:35 Calm 8.05 Fog/Mist SCT042 18.1 18 99% 76.12 0.0
26 02:15 E 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN042 18.3 18.1 99% 76.15 0.0
26 01:55 SW 6 16.09 Overcast OVC042 18.7 18.6 21.9 17.3 99% 76.17 0.0
26 01:35 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN042 17.8 17.7 99% 76.17 0.0
26 01:15 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN042 BKN075 17.5 17.4 99% 76.2 0.0
26 00:55 Calm 4.83 Fog/Mist BKN042 BKN075 17.4 17.2 99% 76.2 0.0
26 00:35 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT080 17.7 17.5 99% 76.2 0.0
26 00:15 Calm 3.22 Fog/Mist SCT080 18.1 18 99% 76.2 0.0
25 23:55 Calm 6.44 Fog/Mist SCT065 18.3 18.1 99% 76.2 0.0
25 23:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC065 18.8 18.6 99% 76.2 0.0
25 23:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC065 18.6 18.4 99% 76.23 0.0
25 22:55 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN065 18.7 18.5 99% 76.25 0.0
25 22:35 Calm 4.83 Fog/Mist CLR 18.1 17.8 98% 76.25 0.0
25 22:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 18.3 18.1 99% 76.25 0.0
25 21:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 18.7 18.4 98% 76.25 0.0
25 21:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 19.1 18.7 98% 76.23 0.0
25 21:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT034 20 19.1 95% 76.23 0.0
25 20:55 S 6 16.09 Overcast OVC034 21.1 19.4 90% 76.2 0.0
25 20:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC034 21.4 19.6 90% 76.23 0.0
25 20:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC032 21.8 19.4 86% 76.23 0.0
25 19:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC032 22 19.4 24.7 21.7 85% 76.25 0.0
25 19:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC032 21.9 19.4 86% 76.28 0.0
25 19:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC032 22 19.3 85% 76.28 0.0
25 18:55 W 6 16.09 Overcast OVC030 22.2 19.2 83% 76.28 0.0
25 18:35 SW 6 16.09 Overcast SCT023 OVC028 22.4 19 81% 76.28 0.0
25 18:15 SW 6 16.09 Overcast BKN023 OVC028 22.6 19 80% 76.28 0.0
25 17:55 S 6 16.09 Overcast BKN019 OVC028 23.1 19.2 79% 76.28 0.0
25 17:35 W 7 16.09 Overcast SCT021 OVC028 23.1 18.8 77% 76.3 0.0
25 17:15 SW 7 16.09 Overcast OVC030 23.5 19 76% 76.3 0.0
25 16:55 SW 9 16.09 Overcast OVC032 23.5 18.4 73% 76.33 0.0
25 16:35 W 9 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN034 24.1 18.7 72% 25 76.33 0.0
25 16:15 W 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT023 24.1 19 73% 25 76.33 0.0
25 15:55 W 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT021 SCT033 24.2 18.7 71% 25 76.35 0.0
25 15:35 W 9 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT021 BKN028 BKN034 24 19.2 75% 25 76.38 0.0
25 15:15 W 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN025 23.3 18.2 73% 76.4 0.0
25 14:55 W 6 16.09 Overcast SCT019 OVC025 23.2 18.3 74% 76.4 0.0
25 14:35 N 6 16.09 Overcast BKN019 OVC027 22.6 18 75% 76.43 0.0
25 14:15 W 6 16.09 Overcast BKN019 OVC029 22.1 17.6 76% 76.45 0.0
25 13:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC019 21.8 17.7 22 17.3 78% 76.45 0.0 0.05
25 13:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC019 21.3 18 82% 76.45 0.0
25 13:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC019 21.1 17.9 82% 76.48 0.0
25 12:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC018 21.2 17.8 81% 76.48 0.0
25 12:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC020 21.4 17.5 79% 76.48 0.0
25 12:15 N 6 16.09 Overcast OVC020 21.4 17.7 80% 76.5 0.0
25 11:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC017 20.7 17.8 84% 76.5 0.0
25 11:35 E 6 16.09 Overcast BKN013 BKN019 OVC024 20.7 17.9 84% 76.5 0.0
25 11:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT013 OVC024 21 18 83% 76.5 0.0
25 10:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT011 SCT016 OVC024 20.5 18.1 86% 76.5 0.0 0.05
25 10:35 E 6 16.09 Overcast BKN007 OVC022 20 18.2 89% 76.53 0.0
25 10:15 NE 6 16.09 Overcast BKN007 OVC016 19.5 18 91% 76.53 0.0
25 09:55 E 6 16.09 Overcast SCT005 OVC016 18.9 17.7 93% 76.56 0.0
25 09:35 NE 6 16.09 Overcast OVC014 18.7 17.7 94% 76.58 0.0
25 09:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC012 18.1 17.1 94% 76.58 0.0
25 08:55 E 6 6.44 Light Drizzle Fog/Mist SCT004 OVC012 17.6 17 96% 76.58 0.0 0.05
25 08:35 E 9 3.22 Light Drizzle Fog/Mist BKN006 OVC010 17.5 17.1 98% 76.58 0.0 0.05
25 08:15 E 9 3.22 Light Drizzle Fog/Mist OVC005 17.6 17.2 98% 76.58 0.0 0.03
25 07:55 NE 7 2.41 Rain Fog/Mist OVC003 18.2 17.9 18.5 18.1 98% 76.58 0.0
25 07:35 N 6 4.83 Fog/Mist BKN003 BKN008 OVC015 18.4 18 98% 76.56 0.0
25 07:15 N 7 11.27 Overcast BKN003 OVC015 18.4 18 98% 76.56 0.0
25 06:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN003 OVC016 18.4 18 98% 76.56 0.0
25 06:35 N 6 16.09 Overcast BKN003 OVC018 18.4 18 98% 76.56 0.0
25 06:15 N 6 16.09 Overcast SCT003 OVC018 18.4 18 98% 76.53 0.0
25 05:55 NW 6 16.09 Overcast SCT005 OVC020 18.4 18 98% 76.53 0.0
25 05:35 NW 6 16.09 Overcast OVC005 18.4 18.1 98% 76.53 0.0
25 05:15 NW 6 11.27 Overcast OVC007 18.2 17.9 98% 76.53 0.0
25 04:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC007 18.4 18 98% 76.53 0.0
25 04:35 NW 6 16.09 Overcast OVC007 18.3 17.9 98% 76.53 0.0
25 04:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT003 BKN007 OVC049 18.3 17.9 98% 76.5 0.0
25 03:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT003 OVC049 18.3 17.9 98% 76.53 0.0
25 03:35 NE 6 16.09 Overcast BKN003 BKN012 OVC025 18.2 17.8 98% 76.53 0.0
25 03:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT003 BKN014 OVC025 18.2 17.8 98% 76.56 0.0
25 02:55 NE 6 16.09 Overcast OVC003 18.2 17.9 98% 76.56 0.0
25 02:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN003 OVC044 18.3 18 98% 76.56 0.0
25 02:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN003 OVC046 18.3 18 98% 76.58 0.0
25 01:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN003 OVC050 18.4 18.1 22.8 18.2 98% 76.58 0.0 0.05 0.13
25 01:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN050 OVC065 18.3 17.8 97% 76.61 0.0 0.05
25 01:15 Calm 11.27 Light Rain Fog/Mist OVC050 18.2 17.7 97% 76.63 0.0 0.05
25 00:55 Calm 11.27 Light Rain BKN042 OVC050 18.3 17.6 96% 76.63 0.0 0.08
25 00:35 S 6 16.09 Light Rain OVC042 18.5 17.4 93% 76.63 0.0 0.03
25 00:15 S 9 16.09 Light Rain BKN042 OVC050 18.8 17.2 90% 76.63 0.0
24 23:55 S 11 16.09 Light Rain BKN040 OVC050 19.8 17.4 86% 76.63 0.0
24 23:35 S 9 16.09 Light Rain OVC042 21.1 16.5 75% 76.63 0.0
24 23:15 SE 6 16.09 Overcast BKN044 OVC050 21 16.5 76% 76.61 0.0
24 22:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 20.4 17.1 81% 76.61 0.0
24 22:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 20.8 16.9 78% 76.61 0.0
24 22:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 20.7 17 79% 76.61 0.0
24 21:55 E 6 16.09 Overcast SCT050 OVC075 21.5 16.1 71% 76.58 0.0
24 21:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT050 OVC075 21.1 16.1 73% 76.56 0.0
24 21:15 E 6 16.09 Overcast BKN050 OVC075 20.9 16.9 78% 76.56 0.0
24 20:55 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC050 20.9 17.7 82% 76.58 0.0
24 20:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast BKN050 OVC075 21.1 17.9 82% 76.58 0.0
24 20:15 Calm 16.09 Overcast SCT050 BKN075 OVC120 22.2 16.1 68% 76.58 0.0
24 19:35 E 6 11.27 Overcast SCT080 OVC100 23.2 15.3 61% 76.58 0.0
24 18:55 E 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN080 BKN100 24 15.5 59% 25 76.58 0.0
24 18:35 E 6 16.09 Overcast OVC080 24.2 15.8 60% 25 76.56 0.0
24 18:15 E 6 16.09 Overcast BKN070 OVC080 24.1 15.5 59% 25 76.58 0.0
24 17:55 E 9 16.09 Overcast BKN070 OVC090 24.4 15.2 57% 26 76.58 0.0
24 17:35 E 11 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN090 24.6 15.4 57% 26 76.56 0.0
24 17:15 E 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT045 SCT065 SCT090 25.1 16 57% 26 76.56 0.0
24 16:55 E 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT045 BKN065 BKN090 25.4 16.6 58% 26 76.58 0.0
24 16:35 SE 9 16.09 Overcast SCT045 OVC065 25.5 16.1 56% 26 76.58 0.0
24 16:15 E 9 16.09 Overcast SCT045 BKN065 OVC090 26 15.9 54% 27 76.58 0.0
24 15:55 E 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN065 BKN090 25.9 15.8 54% 27 76.58 0.0
24 15:35 E 13 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN070 BKN090 25.8 16.5 57% 27 76.58 0.0
24 15:15 NE 15 16.09 Overcast BKN042 OVC070 25.6 16.5 57% 26 76.58 0.0
24 14:55 NE 7 16.09 Overcast SCT042 BKN070 OVC080 25.6 16.6 58% 26 76.61 0.0
24 14:35 E 9 16.09 Overcast BKN042 BKN070 OVC090 25 16.5 59% 26 76.63 0.0
24 14:15 NE 11 16.09 Overcast SCT044 SCT070 OVC090 25.2 16 57% 26 76.63 0.0
24 13:55 E 11 16.09 Overcast SCT070 OVC090 25.8 15.8 26.5 17.6 54% 27 76.66 0.0
24 13:35 E 11 16.09 Overcast SCT043 OVC090 25 16 57% 26 76.66 0.0
24 13:15 N 9 16.09 Overcast BKN043 OVC095 25.7 15.9 55% 26 76.68 0.0
24 12:55 E 9 16.09 Overcast BKN043 OVC095 26 15.4 52% 27 76.68 0.0
24 12:35 E 13 16.09 Overcast BKN043 OVC095 25.4 15.7 55% 26 76.71 0.0
24 12:15 E 13 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN043 BKN090 25.2 15.6 55% 26 76.71 0.0
24 11:55 E 13 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN041 BKN090 25 15.6 56% 26 76.73 0.0
24 11:35 E 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN039 BKN090 24.5 16 59% 26 76.73 0.0
24 11:15 E 15 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT036 SCT043 SCT090 25.3 16.1 57% 26 76.73 0.0
24 10:55 E 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT035 SCT090 24.8 15.3 56% 26 76.73 0.0
24 10:35 E 11 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT032 24.7 16.5 60% 26 76.76 0.0
24 10:15 E 13 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT025 24.1 17 65% 25 76.76 0.0
24 09:55 SE 9 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT024 SCT034 23.2 17.7 71% 76.76 0.0
24 09:35 N 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN031 22.5 18.3 77% 76.76 0.0
24 09:15 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN031 21.2 18.1 83% 76.76 0.0
24 08:55 N 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT029 19.9 17.3 85% 76.76 0.0
24 08:35 N 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT029 19.6 16.9 85% 76.76 0.0
24 08:15 NW 7 8.05 Fair with Haze CLR 18.7 16.5 87% 76.76 0.0
24 07:55 N 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT090 17.6 15.7 17.7 15.1 89% 76.76 0.0
24 07:35 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT090 16.8 15.2 90% 76.76 0.0
24 07:15 N 6 16.09 Fair CLR 16.7 15.2 91% 76.73 0.0
24 06:55 N 7 16.09 Fair CLR 16.1 15.2 94% 76.73 0.0
24 06:35 N 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT080 15.9 15.1 95% 76.71 0.0
24 06:15 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN080 15.7 14.9 95% 76.71 0.0
24 05:55 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN080 15.9 15.3 96% 76.68 0.0
24 05:35 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 15.8 14.9 94% 76.68 0.0
24 05:15 W 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT080 16.4 15.4 94% 76.68 0.0
24 04:55 NE 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT050 SCT070 BKN080 16.8 15.7 93% 76.66 0.0
24 04:35 N 7 16.09 Overcast SCT050 OVC070 16.9 16.2 96% 76.68 0.0
24 04:15 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN070 16.9 16.5 98% 76.68 0.0
24 03:55 N 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN075 16.8 16.5 98% 76.68 0.0
24 03:35 N 7 11.27 Mostly Cloudy BKN075 16.6 16.5 99% 76.68 0.0
24 03:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 15.3 15.2 99% 76.68 0.0
24 02:55 Calm 8.05 Fog/Mist CLR 15.2 15 99% 76.66 0.0
24 02:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 15.4 15.3 99% 76.68 0.0
24 02:15 Calm 11.27 Fog/Mist SCT060 15.6 15.5 99% 76.68 0.0
24 01:55 Calm 11.27 Fair CLR 15.5 15.3 23.2 15.4 99% 76.68 0.0
24 01:35 Calm 11.27 Fair CLR 15.6 15.4 99% 76.68 0.0
24 01:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 15.8 15.6 99% 76.68 0.0
24 00:55 Calm 11.27 Fair CLR 15.8 15.6 99% 76.68 0.0
24 00:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 16 15.8 99% 76.71 0.0
24 00:15 Calm 8.05 Fog/Mist CLR 16.3 16 98% 76.68 0.0
23 23:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 16.5 16.2 98% 76.71 0.0
23 23:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 16.7 16.5 99% 76.71 0.0
23 23:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 16.6 16.3 98% 76.71 0.0
23 22:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 16.7 16.4 98% 76.68 0.0
23 22:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 16.9 16.5 98% 76.68 0.0
23 22:15 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 17.2 16.8 98% 76.68 0.0
23 21:55 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 17.4 16.9 97% 76.66 0.0
23 21:35 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 17.8 17.1 96% 76.63 0.0
23 21:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 18.2 17.5 96% 76.63 0.0
23 20:55 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 18.9 17.9 94% 76.61 0.0
23 20:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 19.8 18.1 90% 76.61 0.0
23 20:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 21.5 18.5 83% 76.61 0.0
23 19:55 SE 6 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 22.7 18.4 26.6 22.5 77% 76.61 0.0
23 19:35 Calm 16.09 Fair CLR 24.1 17.5 67% 25 76.61 0.0
23 19:15 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 24.9 16.5 60% 26 76.58 0.0
23 18:55 Calm 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT070 24.6 17.3 64% 26 76.58 0.0
23 18:35 E 7 16.09 Fair CLR 24.6 16.2 60% 26 76.61 0.0
23 18:15 E 7 16.09 Partly Cloudy SCT050 SCT075 25.4 15.2 53% 26 76.61 0.0
23 17:55 Calm 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN065 BKN080 25.5 14.4 50% 26 76.61 0.0
23 17:35 Calm 16.09 Overcast OVC065 25.1 15 54% 26 76.63 0.0
23 17:15 E 6 16.09 Overcast OVC065 25.1 15.6 56% 26 76.61 0.0
23 16:55 NE 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy SCT049 BKN060 BKN075 26.1 14.2 48% 27 76.61 0.0
23 16:35 NE 11 16.09 Overcast OVC049 25.4 15 53% 26 76.61 0.0
23 16:15 NW 6 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN049 25.3 14.6 52% 26 76.61 0.0
23 15:55 E 7 16.09 Mostly Cloudy BKN047 24.5 14.2 53% 26 76.61 0.0
Date Time (edt) Wind (kph) Vis. (km) Weather Sky Cond. Air Dwpt Max. Min. Relative Humidity Wind Chill (°C) Heat Index (°C) altimeter (cm) sea level (mb) 1 hr 3 hr 6 hr
6 hour
Temperature (ºC) Pressure Precipitation (cm)