Soaring Guidance
Issued by NWS Pueblo, CO
Issued by NWS Pueblo, CO
943
UXUS97 KPUB 121243
SRGPUB
Soaring Forecast
National Weather Service Pueblo, Colorado
0642 MDT Sunday, October 12, 2025
This forecast is for Villa Grove, CO for Sunday, October 12, 2025:
If the trigger temperature of 55.5 F/13.0 C is reached...then
Thermal Soaring Index....................... Good
Maximum rate of lift........................ 465 ft/min (2.4 m/s)
Maximum height of thermals.................. 16506 ft MSL (7584 ft AGL)
Forecast maximum temperature................... 65.0 F/18.8 C
Time of trigger temperature.................... 1100 MDT
Time of overdevelopment........................ None
Middle/high clouds during soaring window....... Broken/overcast thin middle
Surface winds during soaring window............ 20 mph or less
Height of the -3 thermal index................. 14201 ft MSL (5279 ft AGL)
Thermal soaring outlook for Monday 10/13....... Fair
Wave Soaring Index............................. Not available
Remarks...
Sunrise/Sunset.................... 07:10:07 / 18:29:42 MDT
Total possible sunshine........... 11 hr 19 min 35 sec (679 min 35 sec)
Altitude of sun at 12:49:55 MDT... 43.96 degrees
Upper air data from numerical model forecast valid on 10/12/2025 at 0600 MDT
Freezing level.................. 13677 ft MSL (4755 ft AGL)
Convective condensation level... 14450 ft MSL (5528 ft AGL)
Lifted condensation level....... 15618 ft MSL (6697 ft AGL)
Lifted index.................... -0.1
K index......................... +16.9
Height Temperature Wind Wind Spd Lapse Rate ConvectionT Thermal Lift Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft deg C deg F Index fpm m/s
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -67.9 -90.2 235 65 33 5.4 3.0 M M M M M
45000 -59.3 -74.7 240 87 45 6.7 3.7 M M M M M
40000 -48.7 -55.7 235 98 50 6.8 3.7 M M M M M
38000 -44.6 -48.3 235 100 52 6.8 3.7 M M M M M
36000 -40.6 -41.1 230 103 53 6.8 3.7 M M M M M
34000 -36.7 -34.1 230 102 52 6.2 3.4 M M M M M
32000 -33.0 -27.4 230 97 50 6.2 3.4 M M M M M
30000 -29.6 -21.3 235 89 46 5.1 2.8 36.2 97.1 14.1 M M
29000 -28.1 -18.6 235 83 43 5.1 2.8 34.4 93.9 12.8 M M
28000 -26.6 -15.9 235 76 39 5.1 2.8 32.7 90.9 11.6 M M
27000 -24.4 -11.9 235 71 37 6.5 3.6 30.9 87.6 10.3 M M
26000 -22.4 -8.3 235 69 35 6.5 3.6 29.7 85.4 9.4 M M
25000 -20.5 -4.9 240 67 34 6.5 3.6 28.6 83.4 8.6 M M
24000 -18.6 -1.5 240 65 33 6.4 3.5 27.4 81.4 7.7 M M
23000 -16.6 2.1 240 63 33 6.4 3.5 26.2 79.2 6.7 M M
22000 -14.7 5.5 240 62 32 6.4 3.5 25.1 77.2 5.9 M M
21000 -13.0 8.6 240 59 30 4.7 2.6 23.7 74.7 4.7 M M
20000 -11.7 10.9 240 53 27 5.0 2.8 22.0 71.6 3.1 M M
19500 -11.0 12.2 240 50 26 5.2 2.9 21.3 70.3 2.4 M M
19000 -10.3 13.5 240 47 24 5.3 2.9 20.6 69.0 1.6 M M
18500 -9.4 15.1 235 44 23 8.0 4.4 20.1 68.1 1.1 M M
18000 -8.3 17.1 235 41 21 7.9 4.3 19.7 67.5 0.8 M M
17500 -7.1 19.2 235 39 20 8.0 4.4 19.4 67.0 0.5 M M
17000 -5.9 21.4 235 39 20 8.3 4.5 19.2 66.5 0.2 M M
16500 -4.7 23.5 240 40 21 8.7 4.7 18.9 66.1 0.0 M M
16000 -3.7 25.3 240 42 22 4.6 2.5 18.4 65.2 -0.5 624 3.2
15500 -2.9 26.8 245 44 23 5.0 2.7 17.7 63.8 -1.2 587 3.0
15000 -2.1 28.2 245 46 24 5.9 3.2 17.0 62.5 -1.8 549 2.8
14500 -1.2 29.8 250 48 25 6.3 3.4 16.4 61.5 -2.4 507 2.6
14000 -0.6 30.9 255 50 26 3.9 2.2 15.6 60.1 -3.2 473 2.4
13500 0.1 32.2 255 51 26 5.2 2.8 14.8 58.7 -4.0 437 2.2
13000 0.8 33.4 255 51 26 5.3 2.9 14.1 57.4 -4.8 401 2.0
12500 1.6 34.9 255 47 24 6.4 3.5 13.5 56.3 -5.5 362 1.8
12000 2.5 36.5 255 43 22 5.3 2.9 13.0 55.4 -6.1 321 1.6
11750 3.4 38.1 255 39 20 8.7 4.8 12.5 54.5 -6.7 280 1.4
11500 4.0 39.2 255 38 19 8.8 4.8 12.4 54.3 -6.8 254 1.3
11250 4.6 40.3 255 36 18 9.0 4.9 12.3 54.2 -7.0 228 1.2
11000 5.2 41.4 255 34 17 7.1 3.9 12.2 54.0 -7.1 203 1.0
10750 5.6 42.1 255 32 16 4.4 2.4 11.9 53.4 -7.4 183 0.9
10500 5.9 42.6 250 30 15 3.7 2.1 11.5 52.6 -7.9 168 0.9
10250 6.2 43.2 250 28 14 4.4 2.4 11.0 51.9 -8.4 152 0.8
10000 6.4 43.5 250 26 13 -0.0 -0.0 10.5 51.0 -8.9 139 0.7
9750 6.2 43.2 245 24 12 -3.2 -1.7 9.6 49.3 -9.9 138 0.7
9500 6.1 43.0 245 21 11 1.5 0.8 8.8 47.8 -10.8 134 0.7
9250 6.3 43.3 240 18 9 4.8 2.6 8.3 47.0 -11.3 120 0.6
9000 6.6 43.9 235 11 6 3.5 1.9 7.9 46.3 -11.7 103 0.5
8750 M M M M M M M M M M M M
8500 M M M M M M M M M M M M
8250 M M M M M M M M M M M M
8000 M M M M M M M M M M M M
* * * * * * Numerical weather prediction model forecast data valid * * * * * *
10/12/2025 at 0900 MDT | 10/12/2025 at 1200 MDT
|
CAPE... +6.3 LI... +1.5 | CAPE... +0.5 LI... +0.7
CINH... -6.1 K Index... -0.8 | CINH... 0.0 K Index... +10.7
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -66.9 -88.4 230 71 37 4.9 2.7 | -66.8 -88.2 230 75 39 4.9 2.7
45000 -59.2 -74.6 240 93 48 6.0 3.3 | -59.3 -74.7 240 95 49 5.7 3.1
40000 -49.7 -57.5 230 109 56 7.4 4.0 | -50.2 -58.4 230 114 59 7.3 4.0
38000 -45.4 -49.7 230 111 57 7.3 4.0 | -45.8 -50.4 230 115 59 7.3 4.0
36000 -41.0 -41.8 230 112 58 7.3 4.0 | -41.4 -42.5 230 117 60 7.3 4.0
34000 -37.3 -35.1 230 109 56 5.4 3.0 | -37.6 -35.7 230 113 58 5.8 3.2
32000 -34.1 -29.4 235 102 52 5.4 3.0 | -34.1 -29.4 230 106 55 5.8 3.2
30000 -31.0 -23.8 240 92 48 5.1 2.8 | -30.8 -23.4 235 98 51 5.1 2.8
29000 -29.4 -20.9 240 86 44 5.1 2.8 | -29.3 -20.7 235 93 48 5.1 2.8
28000 -27.9 -18.2 240 80 41 5.1 2.8 | -27.4 -17.3 235 87 45 5.1 2.8
27000 -25.8 -14.4 240 74 38 6.2 3.4 | -25.7 -14.3 240 84 43 6.1 3.4
26000 -24.0 -11.2 240 71 37 6.2 3.4 | -23.9 -11.0 240 81 42 6.1 3.4
25000 -22.1 -7.8 240 68 35 6.3 3.5 | -22.0 -7.6 240 79 40 6.1 3.4
24000 -20.2 -4.4 240 66 34 6.9 3.8 | -20.2 -4.4 240 76 39 6.0 3.3
23000 -18.2 -0.8 240 65 33 6.9 3.8 | -18.4 -1.1 240 71 37 6.0 3.3
22000 -16.1 3.0 240 64 33 6.9 3.8 | -16.6 2.1 240 66 34 6.0 3.3
21000 -14.1 6.6 240 63 32 6.6 3.6 | -14.9 5.2 240 62 32 5.6 3.1
20000 -12.1 10.2 240 61 31 6.6 3.6 | -13.2 8.2 240 59 30 5.8 3.2
19500 -11.1 12.0 240 60 31 6.6 3.6 | -12.4 9.7 240 57 29 5.9 3.3
19000 -10.1 13.8 240 59 30 6.8 3.7 | -11.6 11.1 240 55 28 6.0 3.3
18500 -9.1 15.6 240 57 29 5.4 3.0 | -10.6 12.9 240 53 27 8.2 4.5
18000 -8.3 17.1 240 55 28 5.5 3.0 | -9.4 15.1 240 49 25 8.1 4.5
17500 -7.5 18.5 240 53 27 5.7 3.1 | -8.3 17.1 240 45 23 7.3 4.0
17000 -6.7 19.9 240 50 26 5.9 3.2 | -7.4 18.7 240 42 22 5.6 3.1
16500 -5.8 21.6 240 47 24 5.9 3.3 | -6.6 20.1 240 39 20 5.5 3.0
16000 -5.1 22.8 240 44 22 5.2 2.9 | -5.8 21.6 240 36 19 6.6 3.6
15500 -4.4 24.1 240 40 21 5.6 3.0 | -4.8 23.4 235 34 17 6.5 3.6
15000 -3.7 25.3 240 38 19 6.2 3.4 | -3.3 26.1 240 32 17 7.6 4.1
14500 -2.8 27.0 245 38 19 6.5 3.6 | -2.2 28.0 245 33 17 5.4 3.0
14000 -2.1 28.2 250 39 20 3.9 2.2 | -1.5 29.3 250 33 17 6.4 3.5
13500 -1.5 29.3 255 38 19 4.9 2.7 | -0.6 30.9 250 30 15 6.5 3.5
13000 -0.8 30.6 255 37 19 4.9 2.7 | 0.2 32.4 250 27 14 3.7 2.1
12500 0.7 33.3 255 33 17 7.6 4.2 | 0.6 33.1 255 29 15 3.1 1.7
12000 1.7 35.1 250 30 16 7.2 3.9 | 1.1 34.0 260 29 15 4.0 2.2
11750 2.3 36.1 250 30 16 8.6 4.7 | 1.4 34.5 260 27 14 3.4 1.9
11500 2.9 37.2 250 29 15 8.7 4.8 | 1.6 34.9 260 25 13 3.1 1.7
11250 3.5 38.3 250 29 15 8.7 4.8 | 1.8 35.2 265 24 12 3.0 1.7
11000 4.1 39.4 250 28 15 6.6 3.6 | 2.1 35.8 265 23 12 5.7 3.1
10750 4.5 40.1 250 28 14 5.0 2.7 | 2.6 36.7 265 21 11 9.1 5.0
10500 4.8 40.6 250 26 14 5.4 3.0 | 3.3 37.9 270 21 11 9.4 5.2
10250 5.2 41.4 250 25 13 5.2 2.9 | 4.0 39.2 270 20 10 9.4 5.1
10000 5.5 41.9 245 23 12 1.3 0.7 | 4.7 40.5 270 19 10 10.3 5.6
9750 5.4 41.7 245 21 11 -0.9 -0.5 | 5.5 41.9 270 19 10 11.5 6.3
9500 5.4 41.7 245 19 10 2.9 1.6 | 6.3 43.3 270 18 9 10.1 5.5
9250 5.8 42.4 240 16 8 8.4 4.6 | 7.2 45.0 265 17 9 16.6 9.1
9000 6.8 44.2 235 11 6 24.5 13.5 | 9.9 49.8 270 14 7 69.6 38.2
8750 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8000 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
10/12/2025 at 1500 MDT | 10/12/2025 at 1800 MDT
|
CAPE... 0.0 LI... +1.4 | CAPE... +0.7 LI... +1.3
CINH... 0.0 K Index... -14.7 | CINH... -1.7 K Index... -20.7
|
Height Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate | Temperature Wnd WndSpd Lapse Rate
ft MSL deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft | deg C deg F Dir kt m/s C/km F/kft
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000 -67.3 -89.1 230 81 42 5.3 2.9 | -67.4 -89.3 235 86 44 4.3 2.4
45000 -59.3 -74.7 235 96 50 5.3 2.9 | -60.3 -76.5 235 103 53 5.4 3.0
40000 -51.3 -60.3 230 116 60 6.7 3.7 | -52.1 -61.8 230 117 60 6.9 3.8
38000 -46.8 -52.2 230 117 60 7.4 4.1 | -47.5 -53.5 230 116 60 7.7 4.2
36000 -42.3 -44.1 225 117 60 7.4 4.1 | -42.8 -45.0 230 116 60 7.7 4.2
34000 -37.8 -36.0 230 112 58 6.3 3.4 | -39.2 -38.6 230 107 55 4.7 2.6
32000 -34.0 -29.2 230 105 54 6.3 3.5 | -36.0 -32.8 235 90 47 4.7 2.6
30000 -30.5 -22.9 230 97 50 5.4 3.0 | -32.5 -26.5 235 81 42 6.8 3.7
29000 -28.9 -20.0 235 93 48 5.4 3.0 | -30.4 -22.7 235 79 41 6.8 3.7
28000 -27.3 -17.1 235 89 46 5.4 3.0 | -28.4 -19.1 240 76 39 6.8 3.7
27000 -25.6 -14.1 240 86 44 5.8 3.2 | -26.4 -15.5 240 73 38 6.7 3.7
26000 -23.8 -10.8 240 83 43 5.8 3.2 | -24.4 -11.9 240 69 35 6.7 3.7
25000 -22.1 -7.8 240 80 41 5.8 3.2 | -22.4 -8.3 245 65 33 6.7 3.7
24000 -20.3 -4.5 240 77 40 6.4 3.5 | -20.3 -4.5 245 61 31 7.0 3.8
23000 -18.4 -1.1 240 74 38 6.3 3.5 | -18.2 -0.8 245 58 30 6.9 3.8
22000 -16.5 2.3 245 70 36 6.3 3.5 | -16.2 2.8 245 55 28 6.9 3.8
21000 -14.7 5.5 245 66 34 5.3 2.9 | -14.2 6.4 245 52 27 5.6 3.1
20000 -13.1 8.4 245 60 31 5.4 2.9 | -12.5 9.5 240 49 25 5.6 3.1
19500 -12.2 10.0 245 57 30 5.4 2.9 | -11.7 10.9 240 47 24 5.6 3.1
19000 -11.4 11.5 245 55 28 5.3 2.9 | -10.8 12.6 240 46 24 5.7 3.1
18500 -10.6 12.9 245 52 27 6.2 3.4 | -10.0 14.0 240 44 23 5.6 3.0
18000 -9.7 14.5 245 50 25 6.2 3.4 | -9.2 15.4 240 42 22 5.5 3.0
17500 -8.7 16.3 245 47 24 6.3 3.4 | -8.3 17.1 245 40 21 4.7 2.6
17000 -7.8 18.0 245 44 23 6.4 3.5 | -7.8 18.0 245 36 19 3.5 1.9
16500 -6.3 20.7 245 40 21 6.2 3.4 | -7.3 18.9 250 32 17 3.5 1.9
16000 -5.5 22.1 250 39 20 6.0 3.3 | -6.1 21.0 245 25 13 6.9 3.8
15500 -4.7 23.5 250 37 19 6.3 3.4 | -5.2 22.6 245 21 11 7.5 4.1
15000 -3.8 25.2 250 36 18 7.2 4.0 | -4.0 24.8 240 17 9 9.1 5.0
14500 -2.8 27.0 250 34 18 5.4 2.9 | -2.8 27.0 235 14 7 6.6 3.6
14000 -2.0 28.4 250 31 16 8.3 4.6 | -1.9 28.6 230 14 7 8.3 4.6
13500 -0.9 30.4 245 26 13 8.7 4.8 | -0.8 30.6 225 14 7 8.4 4.6
13000 0.0 32.0 245 21 11 5.8 3.2 | 0.2 32.4 225 13 7 6.4 3.5
12500 1.1 34.0 245 22 11 7.3 4.0 | 1.3 34.3 215 13 7 7.2 3.9
12000 2.0 35.6 245 22 11 6.2 3.4 | 2.5 36.5 210 12 6 9.0 4.9
11750 2.5 36.5 250 20 11 6.8 3.7 | 3.1 37.6 210 10 5 8.1 4.5
11500 3.0 37.4 255 19 10 7.0 3.8 | 3.7 38.7 215 9 5 8.0 4.4
11250 3.5 38.3 255 18 9 7.0 3.8 | 4.3 39.7 215 8 4 8.2 4.5
11000 4.1 39.4 260 16 8 8.4 4.6 | 5.0 41.0 215 7 4 9.8 5.4
10750 4.8 40.6 260 16 8 10.1 5.6 | 5.8 42.4 220 7 3 10.0 5.5
10500 5.6 42.1 260 15 8 10.4 5.7 | 6.5 43.7 220 6 3 9.0 4.9
10250 6.3 43.3 265 14 7 10.4 5.7 | 7.1 44.8 225 6 3 9.3 5.1
10000 7.1 44.8 265 14 7 10.4 5.7 | 7.9 46.2 225 6 3 9.8 5.4
9750 7.9 46.2 265 13 7 11.0 6.0 | 8.6 47.5 225 6 3 10.1 5.5
9500 8.7 47.7 265 13 7 9.9 5.5 | 9.3 48.7 225 5 3 9.6 5.3
9250 9.6 49.3 265 12 6 15.8 8.7 | 10.0 50.0 230 5 3 9.3 5.1
9000 12.1 53.8 265 11 6 65.0 35.6 | 10.7 51.3 235 4 2 9.2 5.1
8750 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8500 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8250 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
8000 M M M M M M M | M M M M M M M
________________________________________________________________________________
This product is issued twice per day, once by approximately 0630 MST/0730 MDT
(1330 UTC). It is not continuously monitored nor updated after its initial
issuance.
The information contained herein is based on rawinsonde observation and/or
numerical weather prediction model data taken near Villa Grove, Colorado at:
North Latitude: 38 deg 16 min 03 sec
West Longitude: 105 deg 53 min 37 sec
Elevation: 7986 feet (2434 meters)
and may not be representative of other areas along the Front Range of the
Colorado Rocky Mountains. Note that some elevations in numerical weather
prediction models differ from actual station elevations, which can lead to
data which appear to be below ground. Erroneous data such as these should
not be used.
The content and format of this report as well as the issuance times are subject
to change without prior notice. Comments and suggestions are welcome and should
be directed to one of the addresses or phone numbers shown at the bottom of this
page. To expedite a response to comments, be sure to mention your interest in
the soaring forecast.
DEFINITIONS:
CAPE (Convective Available Potential Energy) - An integrated measure of the
energy available for convective development, also known as the positive
area on a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. Larger
values are indicative of greater instability and the possibility of
stronger convective activity, including thunderstorms. Values around or
greater than 1000 suggest the possibility of severe weather should
convective activity develop.
CIN (Convective Inhibition) - An integrated measure of the amount of energy
needed to initiate convective activity, also known as the negative area on
a thermodynamic diagram. Units are Joules per kilogram. The more negative
this number, the more energy is required to initiate convection. This
inhibitive energy can be overcome through surface heating, cooling aloft,
lifting mechanisms (orographic, frontal, gravity waves, etc.)
Convective Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average saturation mixing ratio in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass,
if heated sufficiently from below, will rise dry adiabatically until it
just becomes saturated. It estimates the base of cumulus clouds that are
produced by surface heating only.
Convection Temperature (ConvectionT) - The surface temperature required to make
the airmass dry adiabatic up to the given level. It can be considered a
"trigger temperature" for that level.
Freezing Level - The height where the temperature is zero degrees Celsius.
Height of Stable Layer - The height (between 12,000 and 18,000 feet above
mean sea level) where the smallest lapse rate exists. The location and
existence of this feature is important in the generation of mountain
waves.
K Index - A measure of stability which combines the temperature difference
between approximately 5,000 and 18,000 feet above the surface, the amount
of moisture at approximately 5,000 feet above the surface, and a measure
of the dryness at approximately 10,000 feet above the surface. Larger
positive numbers indicate more instability and a greater likelihood of
thunderstorm development. One interpretation of K index values regarding
soaring in the western United States is given in WMO Technical Note 158
and is reproduced in the following table:
below -10 no or weak thermals
-10 to 5 dry thermals or 1/8 cumulus with moderate thermals
5 to 15 good soaring conditions
15 to 20 good soaring conditions with occasional showers
20 to 30 excellent soaring conditions, but increasing
probability of showers and thunderstorms
above 30 more than 60 percent probability of thunderstorms
Lapse Rate - The change with height of the temperature. Negative values indicate
inversions.
Lifted Condensation Level - The height to which an air parcel possessing the
average dew point in the lowest 4000 feet of the airmass and the forecast
maximum temperature must be lifted dry adiabatically to attain saturation.
Lifted Index (LI) - The difference between the environmental temperature at a
level approximately 18,000 feet above the surface and the temperature of
an air parcel lifted dry adiabatically from the surface to its lifted
condensation level and then pseudoadiabatically thereafter to this same
level. The parcel`s initial temperature is the forecast maximum
temperature and its dew point is the average dew point in the lowest 4000
feet of the airmass. Negative values are indicative of instability with
positive values showing stable conditions.
Lift Rate - An experimental estimate of the strength of thermals. It is
computed the same way as the maximum rate of lift but uses the actual
level rather than the maximum height of thermals in the calculation.
Also, none of the empirical adjustments based on cloudiness and K-index
are applied to these calculations.
Maximum Height of Thermals - The height where the dry adiabat through the
forecast maximum temperature intersects the environmental temperature.
Maximum Rate of Lift - An estimate of the maximum strength of thermals. It
is computed from an empirical formula which combines the expected maximum
height of thermals with the difference in the environmental temperatures
between the maximum height of thermals and the temperature 4,000 feet
above the ground. After this computation, further empirical adjustments
are made based on the value of the K-index and the amount and opacity of
middle and high level cloudiness expected between the time of trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment.
Middle/High Clouds - The amount and opacity of middle (altostratus, altocumulus)
or high (cirrus, cirrostratus, cirrocumulus) clouds. Broken means that
between 60% and 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud, with overcast
conditions occurring when more than 90% of the sky is covered by the cloud.
Thin implies that the clouds are predominantly transparent, meaning that
some sunlight is reaching the ground, in contrast to opaque which suggests
that little sunlight is reaching the ground.
Potential Height of Wave - The minimum of the following two heights:
1. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind direction changes by 30 degrees or more
2. Level above the height of stable layer (or 14,000 feet if none exists)
where the wind speed no longer increases with height
PVA/NVA - Positive vorticity advection (PVA)/negative vorticity advection (NVA)
on the 500 millibar isobaric surface (approximately 18,000 feet above mean
sea level). Weak PVA has been shown to assist in mountain wave soaring.
Soaring Window - The time between the time the trigger temperature is reached
and the time of overdevelopment.
Thermal Index - The difference between the environmental temperature and the
temperature at a particular level determined by following the dry adiabat
through the forecast maximum temperature up to that level. Negative values
are indicative of thermal lift.
Thermal Soaring Index - An adjective rating (for sailplanes) based on the
computed maximum rate of lift, and the wind speed and middle and high
cloud cover expected during the soaring window (the time of the trigger
temperature and the time of overdevelopment) according to the following:
Maximum rate of lift Adjective Rating
>= 800 fpm Excellent
>= 400 and < 800 fpm Good
>= 200 and < 400 fpm Fair
< 200 fpm Poor
Time of Overdevelopment - The time one or more of the following phenomena,
which essentially shut off thermal lift, is expected to occur:
1. formation of broken to overcast convective cloud cover
2. formation of scattered to numerous downbursts
3. initiation of widespread precipitation
Time of Trigger Temperature - The time the surface temperature is expected to
reach the trigger temperature.
Trigger Temperature - The surface temperature required to make the first 4000
feet of the atmosphere dry adiabatic.
Wave Soaring Index - An empirical, adjective rating (for sailplanes) which
attempts to combine a variety of phenomena important in mountain wave
soaring into a single index number. Objective points are assigned to
these phenomena: wind speed and direction at 14,000 ft MSL, the static
stability in the 12,000-18,000 ft MSL layer, the wind speed gradient above
the stable layer, jet stream location and frontal and upper trough
movements.
042613