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000
FXUS63 KIND 102118
AFDIND

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Indianapolis IN
518 PM EDT Mon Aug 10 2020

.UPDATE...
Mesoscale Section Included in this AFD issuance.

.SYNOPSIS...
Issued at 340 PM EDT Mon Aug 10 2020

Severe weather is likely this evening with the main threat being
damaging winds across the region. An unsettled pattern remains for
much of the forecast period leading to daily chances for rain and
storms.

&&

.MESOSCALE /5PM through 7PM/...
Issued at 512 PM EDT Mon Aug 10 2020

Satellite mesoscale sector setup this afternoon over the cornbelt
of Illinois/Indiana showing the line of intense convection moving
east across Northeast Illinois and stretching Southwest through
Central Illinois. The forward propagation of this line appears to
be trying to turn southeast, where a scattered cumulus field
exists. Surface observations across Central Indiana at 5PM are
becoming more uniform with considerable low-level atmospheric
moisture present, especially within the 0-1KM layer where added
evapotransporation is taking place. Dewpoints have pushed well
into the 70s, with winds veering more to the southwest. Gusts are
starting to creep up as well, ranging between 15 to 20 kts at
times with some tightening in the pressure fields taking place.
Guidance soundings suggest considerable amount of energy within
the convective layer this afternoon will slowly diminish as the
evening progresses; however, still robust convective potentional
as the line of severe weather pushes east towards Indiana. Thermal
soundings are rather steep as well, which will further aid in
convective maintenance throughout this evening across Central
Indiana. The cold pool production remains to be of concern with
this intense convective line, coupled with the extremely unstable
atmosphere over Central and Northcentral Indiana, that as the
convective system progresses east the dominant feature will be
widespread intense wind. Severe winds in excess of 80mph is common
with atmospheric conditions similar to what is present over
Central and Northern Indiana this evening.

&&

.NEAR TERM /Rest of This Afternoon and Tonight/...
Issued at 338 PM EDT Mon Aug 10 2020

...Significant Severe Weather with Widespread Damaging Winds to
Impact central Indiana This Evening...

After the stormy start to the morning for some...skies had cleared
across central Indiana. With deep moisture and strong heating...
temperatures have shot up into the mid and upper 80s over much of
the forecast area as of 19Z. Low 90s had developed along the Wabash
Valley. With oppressive dewpoints ranging from the mid 70s to near
80...heat indices were in the 90s and low 100s currently.

The focus for the next several hours is on a high confidence...high
impact derecho with widespread damaging winds that began early this
morning in the northern Plains and now sits in eastern Iowa and
western Illinois. The amount of observed wind reports in excess of
90 mph from this complex over Iowa is for lack of a better term...
alarming. The airmass this afternoon has the feel of a capped powder
keg and mesoanalysis shows that SBCAPEs have surged since late
morning...and are now in excess of 5000 j/kg. With a few more hours
of heating...these values are likely to only increase ahead of the
approaching convective complex. In addition...mid level lapse rates
have increased to near 8 C/km immediately downwind of the derecho
and now into our western counties. The complex has a well developed
cold pool that will keep its engine running for the next several
hours.

In an nutshell...the airmass downstream of the convective complex
supports a continued high confidence in severe weather across
northern and central Illinois and by this evening...across the
forecast area as the complex is likely to pivot and follow the theta-
e ridge and instability gradient right into central Indiana. All
severe threats are on the table but clearly...the damaging wind
concerns are greatest considering what has already taken place...a
strengthening westerly low level jet and the amount of instability
already in place across the area. Timing for greatest impacts will
be from northwest to southeast from 22Z through 02-03Z. In addition
to the severe weather concern... flooding will become a
threat...particularly in areas that saw 1-2 inches this morning.
Also...derechos tend to be prolific lightning producers and the
approaching convective cluster certainly appears to be just that.

Should see convection diminish in coverage after midnight...although
the presence of the westerly 850mb jet at least initially in the
overnight may enable a backbuilding component to convection. Will
maintain chance pops through the overnight although the greater risk
for rain is the first half of the night.

Temps...did not stray from NBM guidance too much as lows should fall
back into the upper 60s and lower 70s overnight in wake of the
convective complex.

&&

.SHORT TERM /Tomorrow through Thursday/...

Issued at 340 PM EDT Mon Aug 10 2020

The area will wit under an unsettle pattern for the short term as
a couple of disturbances move overhead. This will lead to daily
chances of scattered rain and storms. Best PoPs at the moment are
for late tomorrow through Wednesday... could possibly see a weak
surface low pass through bringing in the rain. Temperatures look
to be near to slightly above normal with highs in the mid 80s and
lows in the upper 60s.

&&

.LONG TERM /Thursday Night through Monday/...

Issued at 340 PM EDT Mon Aug 10 2020

A couple of disturbances look to impact the area in the long term,
prompting daily rain chances. Models show a cold front passing
through the area sometime Sunday to Monday... should get a better
idea on timing as it gets closer. Temperatures will be near
normal. Largely accepted guidance as it looked reasonable.

&&

.AVIATION (Discussion for the 102100Z TAF Update)...
Issued at 425 PM EDT Mon Aug 10 2020

Added gusts to KIND winds to match recent trends. Left timing of
convection alone for now but will continue to watch for later
refinements.

Previous discussion follows....

...Severe storms this evening may cause significant impacts to
terminal operations...

Skies had largely cleared after the convection earlier this
morning. Focus though now has shifted to a convective cluster over
Iowa that has a history of widespread damaging winds. This cluster
will continue to track southeast through the afternoon and is
expected to sweep through central Indiana this evening. With
higher confidence in wind impacts with the storms...have introduced
2 hour tempo groups with 40kt gusts from the northwest at and sub
IFR conditions within the convection at all terminals. It should
be noted that these wind values may need to be raised later this
afternoon.

Convection should be through the terminals by late evening...but
additional storms are possible overnight before conditions improve
on Tuesday morning. May see lingering MVFR ceilings into Tuesday
morning before clouds mix out. Outside of the storms...winds


&&

.IND WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
NONE.
&&

$$

SYNOPSIS...KH
MESOSCALE...Beach
NEAR TERM...Ryan
SHORT TERM...KH
LONG TERM....KH
AVIATION...Ryan/50