


Area Forecast Discussion
Issued by NWS Sioux Falls, SD
Issued by NWS Sioux Falls, SD
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522 FXUS63 KFSD 251124 AFDFSD Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Sioux Falls SD 624 AM CDT Wed Jun 25 2025 .KEY MESSAGES... - Multiple rounds of showers and thunderstorms capable of producing heavy rainfall will occur during the next 36-48 hours. Highest potential for heavy rainfall will occur tonight into Thursday morning. - Widespread amounts of 1 to 3" are possible, with several indicators of heavy rain of 3 to 5" focused through NE Nebraska, NW Iowa, and adjacent areas of MN/SD. - There is some risk for small streams and creaks to rise over their banks, as well as localized urban street flooding. Area river forecast continue to suggest some flooding potential, but recent drought may suppress higher level potential. - Wednesday night, there is potential for strong to severe thunderstorms to form along the boundary. Risks include heavy downpours, wind gusts to 60 mph, and large hail to an inch in diameter. Though unlikely, a tornado is possible. - A brief break in the rain Friday and Saturday before thunderstorm chances return Sunday. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 354 AM CDT Wed Jun 25 2025 TODAY: Today, despite the rain, highs will warm into the 70s and 80s thanks to persistent WAA. The forecast remains largely on track for 36-48 hours of widespread, periodically heavy rain fall. A mid-level wave has moved north out of western Nebraska into central South Dakota and will continue to move northeastward through the day today. With it comes a strong push of WAA and a vorticity max that is triggering showers and thunderstorms. These storms will progress northeastward with the wave, expanding in coverage to include the majority of the County Warning Area by daybreak. As the day continues, elevated instability of 1000-1500 J/kg CAPE and marginal 0-6 km Bulk Shear of less than 30 kts could spawn an occasional stronger thunderstorm. But the greater risk for strong to severe thunderstorms will come this evening. Through the day today, WAA will continue to pull warm, moisture rich air northward into the region increasing instability, and pooling against the west-to-east orientated front. The 0-6 Bulk shear increases as the LLJ picks up and the main upper wave begins to lift northeastward from central South Dakota into southwestern Minnesota. The area of greatest convergence, just to the south of boundary, will serve as the focus for strong to severe thunderstorm initiation Wednesday evening and into the overnight. Low level lapse rates are steep, but there is a deep warm layer (10-12 thousand feet). This leads me to believe the primary threat will be damaging wind gusts to 60 mph, and quarter sized hail. Though unlikely, a tornado cannot be ruled out. These are in addition to the heavy rainfall that any storm will be capable of producing. There remains some question on how far north the 925-850 mb front will be pushed. This will greatly impact where the highest rain totals, and where the greatest severe threat will be. Some of the models in the 00Z run have flip-flopped from the previous forecast. There still remains two scenarios. In the first scenario, the ECMWF and the NAM nest indicate the front will move further north. (Previously the NAM had a more southerly track) If this is the case the heavier rainfall will be southeast of a rough line from Wagner- Salem-Tracy. The second scenario is shown by the GFS and Canadian that indicate the front will remain farther south. (Previously the GFS had a more northerly track) Should this scenario play out, the heaviest rain will fall southeast of a rough line from Yankton- Luverne-Jackson. Overall, ensemble guidance indicates a slight trend north in the heaviest precipitation. If this trend holds, the most likely scenario would be scenario one. When it`s all said and done, widespread totals of 1-3 inches are expected across the region. As mentioned previously, higher amounts are possible but will be highly dependent on where the front settles. Areas of northeastern Nebraska, extreme southeastern South Dakota, northwestern Iowa, and southwestern Minnesota could see totals closer to 3-5 inches, with pockets of higher possible. This raises the question of flooding. This morning`s storms are more likely to result in some localized ponding and urban street flooding. As we continue into tonight with the potentially stronger thunderstorms, we may begin to see small creeks and streams overrun their banks. Some localized flash flooding is possible. Thanks to the recent dry weather, our rivers are at or below normal for this time of year. While there will likely be river rises, most should remain below flood stage. A few may come close to minor flood stage, but it`s too early to tell what rivers may reach that point. With the uncertainty in the location of the heaviest rainfall, have opted not to issue a Flood Watch tonight after collaboration with neighbors. THURSDAY-NEXT WEEK: Thursday showers will linger through the early afternoon before tapering off in the evening. Highs will reach the 70s to 80s with the warmest temperatures along the Missouri River Valley. Friday, flow aloft becomes west-southwesterly, drying things out. A strong push of WAA will help warm highs into the 80s and 90s. By Saturday the flow aloft becomes more westerly, keeping us dry and warm during the day. Highs are expected to climb into the 90s. A short wave will move north of the region Saturday night, bringing another round of showers and thunderstorms for Saturday night into Sunday. For the first half of next week, a ridge of high pressure will move into the region. Sunday through Wednesday temperatures will be seasonably warm, in the 80s. && .AVIATION /12Z TAFS THROUGH 12Z THURSDAY/... Issued at 623 AM CDT Wed Jun 25 2025 Scattered showers and thunderstorms will increase in coverage through this morning. A mix of VFR to IFR conditions are expected to continue through the end of the period, and will depend on the prescience of stronger storms. A brief afternoon lull will be followed by reintensification this evening and into the overnight. This second round could produce isolated strong to severe thunderstorms, with the greatest risks being wind gusts of 50 kts, hail to the size of quarters, and possibly a tornado. The area most likely to experience stronger storms is southeast of a line from KYKN to KFSD to KDVP, but there is uncertainty in where the boundary will set up, and thus where the strongest storms will be. Additionally, storms will produce heavy rainfall at times which could result in reductions in visibility to less than 4 miles. Winds during this time will be southeasterly around 10 kts with occasional afternoon gusts to 18 kts. Along and south of I-90, surface winds will become southerly in the afternoon. Winds will become light and variable after sunset. && .FSD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... SD...None. MN...None. IA...None. NE...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...AJP AVIATION...AJP