000
FXUS63 KGRB 160345
AFDGRB

Area Forecast Discussion
National Weather Service Green Bay WI
1045 PM CDT Sat Jul 15 2017

Updated aviation portion for 06Z TAF issuance

.SYNOPSIS...
Issued at 229 PM CDT Sat Jul 15 2017

Scattered thunderstorms through this evening, then a couple days
of quiet weather. Humid conditions and more thunderstorms will
return mid-week.

A band of westerlies was located across northeast Canada, flowing
around a deep upper low over northern Hudson Bay. Farther south,
another fairly amplified band of westerlies stretched across
southern Canada and the northern CONUS. Within that branch of the
flow, there were troughs along the West Coast and over New
England, with a ridge over the Intermountain West. That branch of
the flow will amplify a bit more during the next 24 hours and then
begin to deamplify as the main features within it become
progressive. There will also be some consolidation of the flow
across NOAM, with much of Canada becoming dominated by flow around
the Hudson Bay upper low. Meanwhile, a lower amplitude flow is
forecast to persists across the CONUS from mid-week into the
upcoming weekend and beyond. The medium range models have tried
that before in the past few weeks, only to have the western
ridge/eastern trough pattern reappear. We`ll see what happens this
time.

Air masses moving across the region favor temperatures falling
off to a little below normal the next couple days, then warming
back to near or above normal for the rest of the forecast period.
But temperatures are likely to be held back on days with
widespread clouds and convection. At least a couple more humid
days are likely mid-week. The area will spend enough time near the
main frontal zone lingering near the southern edge of the
westerlies to result in above normal precipitation amounts for the
period. Totals could end up being quite heavy, depending on the
movement of individual convective systems.
&&

.SHORT TERM...Tonight and Sunday
Issued at 229 PM CDT Sat Jul 15 2017

The latest RAP analysis and satellite/radar imagery show a cold
front stretching from just northwest of Minneapolis to northwest WI
early this afternoon.  12z soundings from GRB and MSP indicate a
rather stout cap in place across the region, beneath an elevated
mixed layer comprised of some very dry air. Will probably take until
after 21z for convection to break through the cap, which the
mesomodels support as well.  Once developed, ml capes upwards of
2000 j/kg and 0-6km bulk shear of 30-35 kts will be supportive of
severe thunderstorms capable of producing damaging straight line
winds and large hail.  The storms should then proceed southeast from
north-central WI late this afternoon, into central and northeast WI
by early this evening.  Besides severe weather potential, forecast
also centers on gusty north winds.

Tonight...The cold front will continue to move southeast across
central and northeast WI during the evening before exiting around
midnight. Instability and shear will remain supportive for severe
thunderstorms until the front exits, including damaging winds and
large hail.  Behind the front, north winds will ramp up and will
likely become gusty along the Bay and Lake.  Scattered to broken
cloud cover from north of Lake Superior is expected to reach into
northern WI late tonight, though not sure how far south these clouds
will make it. Did increase sky cover some though.  After a warm and
stormy evening, temps to fall into the mid 50s north to mid 60s
south.

Sunday...High pressure will build in from the north, with winds
turning to the northeast.  With gusts of 20-25 kts and waves
approaching 4ft, will issue a small craft advisory, starting late
Saturday night. Should have some scattered to broken clouds through
late morning/midday before dry air mixes out the clouds. Temps will
be cooler, with highs ranging from the low to mid 70s.

.LONG TERM...Sunday Night Through Saturday
Issued at 229 PM CDT Sat Jul 15 2017

High pressure across the area will create light winds and mostly
clear skies, so temperatures should drop off considerably Sunday
night. Patchy fog could also develop, but that will depend partly
on the coverage and rainfall amounts from today`s late
afternoon/evening storms.

Not surprisingly given the flattening of the upper flow, models
started to offer differing ideas on how quickly convection in the
return flow around the high would move into the area. Stayed with
the broad-based blend of guidance for PoPs, and that resulted in
mainly chance PoPs Tuesday through Thursday. Would like to say
we`ll be able to add significant detail to those in coming days,
but this may wind up being another one of those situations where
it`s tough to gauge convective evolution more than 12 hours in
advance. The overall pattern looks favorable for heavy/excessive
rainfall somewhere near or in the forecast area. Will reflect
this with more aggressive wording in the HWO. A severe risk could
also evolve at some point as well.

Even the relatively flat flow on the medium range guidance tilts
northwest just enough to drive the main frontal zone south of the
area by late in the week, though they also show the return flow
developing pretty quickly. There will probably be a dry day in
there somewhere--most likely Friday.
&&

.AVIATION...for 06Z TAF Issuance
Issued at 1045 PM CDT Sat Jul 15 2017

Showers and thunderstorms have ended behind a departing cold
front. In its wake mostly clear skies and VFR conditions are
expected through Sunday. Although the amount of rain the area
received this evening would suggest patchy fog, MOS guidance does
not generate fog as it keeps winds up with falling dew points.
Therefore will continue to leave fog out of the TAFs with this
issuance but would not be surprised to see some form given the
rainfall.
&&

.GRB WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
Beach Hazards Statement from 7 AM CDT Sunday through Sunday
evening for WIZ050.
&&

$$

SYNOPSIS.......Skowronski
SHORT TERM.....MPC
LONG TERM......Skowronski
AVIATION.......Kurimski