


Area Forecast Discussion
Issued by NWS Tucson, AZ
Issued by NWS Tucson, AZ
169 FXUS65 KTWC 121606 AFDTWC Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Tucson AZ 906 AM MST Sat Jul 12 2025 .SYNOPSIS...Above normal temperatures will continue through the weekend. Expect isolated thunderstorms limited to areas near the International Border from Nogales eastward into this evening and along the NM border Saturday. Look for an increase in Monsoon activity Sunday for locales east and southeast of Tucson...and then next week for all of Southeast Arizona. As moisture and storm chances increase next week, temperatures will drop back down to seasonable levels. && .UPDATE... Morning visible satellite imagery shows puffs of cumulus beginning to develop over higher terrain as surface moisture remains in place as observed by 57-62 degree dew points at 16Z. The upper level flow remains northwesterly however with the upper high to the west, which will continue to usher in drier air aloft over southeastern Arizona. GOES TPW shows precipitable water values generally near or below 1 inch and the ALPW (advected layered precipitable water) product shows additional mid-level dry air advecting into the region. Additionally this pattern sustains the subsidence that has been persistent over the previous days, which will combine with the mid-level dry air to keep monsoon activity on the low end today. Modest thunderstorm chances remain this afternoon and evening over and near the higher terrain of Cochise, Graham, and Greenlee counties. && .DISCUSSION...The upper pattern this morning is defined by a stacked ridge of high pressure centered just offshore of the California/Baja Mexico International Border with a ridge axis extending NW-SE from the Bight of California into northeast Sonora Mexico. The latest GOES PWAT imagery indicated drier values of precipitable water (0.75-0.85 inches) east of Tucson in Cochise/Graham/Greenlee counties with another area of drier air across extreme NW Pima county. Otherwise, we have PWAT values (0.95-1.10 inches) along the International Border and between Tucson and Phoenix. The combination of dry and more stable air aloft will continue to significantly limit thunderstorm coverage again this afternoon, with scattered showers and thunderstorms near the White Mountains, and a slight chance of thunderstorms along the Arizona and New Mexico border and along the International border. We start to see the upper ridge axis shift from that NW-SE orientation today into a more neutral orientation Sunday, allowing Southeast Arizona to transition away from the hot and dry conditions we have been experiencing the past several days into a more active pattern for thunderstorms. Transition days are usually the stronger thunderstorm days, and this looks like it will follow that formula. As the orientation shifts Sunday, the flow at 500 mb switches over to a divergent northwest flow with an area of moderate stretching deformation from Tucson east. At 300 mb, we begin to see troughiness back into the eastern CWA. Although we still see low PWAT values across the east, we begin to see a modest moisture advection into the area from the southeast as weak 850-700 mb trough in Chihuahua Mexico moves toward the extreme SE corner of AZ. What does this all mean? Well, we have a lot of ingredients for a very active day from Tucson east with the potential for severe thunderstorm outflow winds/blowing dust as the primary threats. Although brief heavy rainfall will be possible with these storms, there just isn`t enough deep moisture around yet. Storms will build over the White Mounatins and the Gila National Forest in New Mexico early Sunday afternoon, and drive rapidly to the southwest. Decent mid-level flow around 20 kts will allow storms to cluster with organized outflows developing as they track into Southeast Arizona. The drier air aloft as well as in the sub-cloud layer will enhance evaporation within the downdrafts...increasing the potential for damaging winds. The 12/00Z HREF indicates a 50-90% neighborhood (40-km) probability for wind gusts in excess of 30 kts across Graham/Cochise/Santa Cruz counties Sunday afternoon with a 10-30% neighborhood probability of 50+ kts across eastern Graham and Cochise counties. The big concern with these winds will be the potential for dense blowing dust, especially originating from the Lordsburg Playa impacting Interstate 10 in Cochise county. The most recent model run on the Air Quality Forecast Guidance Viewer indicates a strong plume of PM 2.5 um/m3 extending into the SE half of Cochise county at 01Z Monday. Although the models are mainly focusing on areas east and southeast of Tucson, this is the type of pattern that sneaks its way into the Metro Area. We still have a few more model runs to refine the areal extent that will be impacted with this event. The upper pattern continues to tilt into a more positive (NE-SW) orientation Tuesday while the upper high continues to drift farther west. This eventually results in a trough developing near the Baja Spur by 00Z Wednesday. Things get intriguing Wednesday as a weak 500 mb high over northern AZ results in a divergent NW flow southeast of Tucson, with the upper low at 300 mb over the northern Baja results in a diffluent S flow in the same area. The combination of shear interacting with deeper atmospheric moisture moving in from the south should be interesting for Southeast Arizona. Otherwise, the ensemble members are excited about increasing precipitable water values 1-2 standard deviations above normal the second half of the week into next weekend. With an upper low wobbling around over the northern Gulf of California, this should result in a better chance for precipitation across Southeast Arizona. The primary threat will transition away from damaging winds the next few days towards a threat of heavy rainfall/flash flooding by the end of the week. && .AVIATION...Valid through 13/12Z. SFC winds SLY less than 10 kts thru 12/18Z, then WLY/NWLY 10-15 kts with gusts 20-25 kts thru 13/04Z. Stronger winds for KSAD and vicinity. SKC-SCT clouds 8-13k ft AGL thru the valid period with isolated -SHRA/-TSRA near KDUG between 12/20Z and 13/03Z. Aviation discussion not updated for TAF amendments. && .FIRE WEATHER...Isolated thunderstorm coverage is expected to the south and east of Tucson, mainly along the Arizona/New Mexico border and the International Border. The main threat for storms will be the potential for strong gusty and erratic outflow winds 40-45 mph. Otherwise, an uptick in monsoon activity is expected beginning Sunday through next week as the upper high shifts to a more favorable location aloft. Temperatures will remain above normal through Monday, then drop back down to near or slightly below normal by mid to late next week. Winds will remain westerly from 10-15 mph, with occasional gusts at or above 25 mph, with the exception of stronger winds in the Gila River Valley through Saturday with northwest sustained winds around 15 to 20 mph gusts to 30 mph. Afternoon RH values in the low lying areas will be between 20-25%. && && .TWC WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... None. && $$ Update...Edwards Visit us on Facebook...Twitter...YouTube...and at weather.gov/Tucson