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000
FXUS63 KMQT 302132
AFDMQT

AREA FORECAST DISCUSSION
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MARQUETTE MI
432 PM EST FRI JAN 30 2015

.SHORT TERM...(THIS EVENING THROUGH SATURDAY)
ISSUED AT 406 PM EST FRI JAN 30 2015

WV IMAGERY AND RUC ANALYSIS INDICATED A MID/UPPER LEVEL TROUGH FROM
HUDSON BAY INTO THE NE CONUS RESULTING IN NW FLOW THROUGH THE NRN
GREAT LAKES. AN UPSTREAM SHORTWAVE TROUGH WAS LOCATED OVER SRN
MANITOBA. THE SHRTWV AND ASSOCIATED WAA PATTERN SUPPORTED SOME LIGHT
SNOW FROM FAR NRN MN INTO NW ONTARIO WITH VSBY INTO THE 1-3SM RANGE.
AT THE SFC...A RIDGE EXTENDED FROM THE MID MS VALLEY INTO THE WRN
GREAT LAKES. BACKING WINDS TO SW OVER WRN LAKE SUPERIOR AND W OVER
THE ERN LAKE HAVE PUSHED THE LES BANDS OFFSHORE EXCEPT FOR SOME
LINGERING FLURRIES NEAR GRAND MARAIS.

TONIGHT...EXPECT MID/HIGH CLOUDS TO THICKEN INTO THIS EVENING AS THE
AS THE SHRTWV APPROACHES. UPSTREAM TRENDS AND MODELS FCST 285K-290K
ISENTROPIC LIFT...SUGGESTS THAT THE AREA OF LIGHT SNOW WILL SPREAD
THROUGH UPPER MICHIGAN BTWN 03Z-09Z. WITH LITTLE MOISTURE AVAILABLE
AND DRY LOW LEVELS DELAYING THE ONSET OF THE PCPN...QPF OF 0.05 OR
LOWER WITH SLR VALUES NEAR 20/1 WOULD ONLY RESULT IN SNOW AMOUNTS OF
AN INCH OR LESS. HOWEVER...AS LOW LEVEL CONV INCREASES ALONG THE SFC
FRONT/TROUGH AND 850 MB TEMPS DROP TO AROUND -12C...THERE MAY BE A
BRIEF PERIOD OF LAKE ENHANCED SNOW INTO NW UPPER MI THAT MAY BRING
TOTALS INTO THE 1 TO 2 INCH RANGE.

SAT...THE AREA OF LOW LEVEL CONV WITH THE FRONT WILL SLIDE THROUGH
THE REST OF THE NRN CWA WITH THE POTENTIAL FOR A NARROW BAND OF
MODERATE SNOW. ALTHOUGH 850 MB TEMPS DROP TO NEAR -20C BY 00Z
SUN...A QUICK TRANSITION TO A MORE DIFFLUENT/ANTICYCLONIC LOW-LVL
NORTHERLY FLOW AND FALLING INVERSIONS AT OR BELOW 4KFT WILL LIMIT
LES INTENSITY THE REST OF THE DAY. SNOW ACCUMULATIONS OF ONLY AROUND
AN INCH ARE EXPECTED. AFTER MIDDAY HIGHS RANGING FROM THE TEENS NW
TO MID TO UPPER 20S SCNTRL...TEMPS WILL DURING THE AFTERNOON AS
BRISK N TO NW WINDS USHER ARCTIC AIR MASS INTO THE AREA. GUSTY WINDS
WILL ALSO CREATE BLSN IN OPEN AREAS NEAR LAKE SUPERIOR.

.LONG TERM...(SATURDAY NIGHT THROUGH FRIDAY)
ISSUED AT 424 PM EST FRI JAN 30 2015

COLD WEATHER PATTERN IN STORE FOR MUCH OF EXTENDED. TEMPS WILL BE
MUCH BLO NORMAL...ESPECIALLY FOR DAYTIME HIGHS. NORMAL HIGHS FOR
FIRST PORTION OF FEBRUARY ARE IN THE LOWER TO MIDDLE 20S...AND THERE
WILL BE A FEW DAYS NEXT WEEK WHERE HIGHS STAY BLO 10 ABOVE. TROUGHING
ALOFT EXPANDS FM NORTHERN CANADA OVER GREAT LAKES AND MOST OF THE
EASTERN CONUS AS RIDGING TEMPORARILY BUILDS OVER THE WEST COAST. LEAD
SHOT OF ARCTIC AIR DROPS OVER GREAT LAKES SECOND HALF OF THE WEEKEND
WITH H85/5KFT AGL TEMPS BLO -20C/-3F. ANOTHER STRONGER PUSH OF COLDER
AIR IS DUE IN THE MIDDLE OF THE WEEK AS H85 TEMPS DROP TO AT LEAST
-25C/-13F. COULD BE A WIDESPREAD SNOW JUST AHEAD OF THAT REINFORCING
COLD FRONT TUESDAY NIGHT INTO WEDNESDAY. SINCE THE RIDGING OVER THE
WEST COAST IS NOT THAT SHARP...WESTERN RIDGE AND EASTERN TROUGH
PATTERN BREAKS DOWN BY NEXT WEEKEND WITH TEMPS MODERATING BACK TOWARD
NORMAL...POSSIBLY ABOVE...BY NEXT WEEKEND.

COLD FRONT MOVES EAST OF THE AREA ON SATURDAY NIGHT. ARCTIC HIGH
PRESSURE BUILDS FM THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES TO THE NORTHERN PLAINS.
RIDGING EXTENDS NORTH OF LK SUPERIOR WITH CONFLUENT FLOW ALOFT.
SOUNDINGS INDICATE INVERSIONS 4 TO POSSIBLY 6 KFT WITH DELTA T/S
INCREASING FM AROUND 18C SATURDAY EVENING TO 25C BY SUNDAY MORNING.
MAJORITY OF DGZ NOT WITHIN LAKE CONVECTIVE LAYER...SO SNOWFLAKE SIZE
AND THUS SLR/AMOUNTS WILL BE HELD DOWN TO AROUND 20:1 OR EVEN LOWER.
LOW-LEVEL WINDS START OUT NNW-N ON SATURDAY EVENING AND TURN TO NNE
BY SUNDAY AS RIDGING EXPANDS NORTH OF LK SUPERIOR. SETUP FAVORS LES
WITH MAINLY LIGHT ACCUMS FOR FAR WEST CWA AND OVER THE NCNTRL CWA.
SOUNDINGS INDICATE POSSIBLE WEAK LAKE ENHANCED SETUP AS SWATH OF H7-
H5 MOISTURE MOVES ACROSS SATURDAY EVENING INTO SUNDAY MORNING.
EXTENT OF DRYING BTWN THE MID-LEVEL MOISTURE AND LAKE CONVECTIVE
LAYER MAY BE TOO MUCH TO OVERCOME THOUGH AS LIFT ALOFT IS WEAK. LOW-
LEVEL CONVERGENCE VCNTY OF NORTH CENTRAL UPR MICHIGAN MAY MAKE UP
FOR OVERALL MARGINAL SETUP FOR LES...BUT EVEN SO...DO NOT EXPECT
MORE THAN A FEW INCHES OF SNOW SATURDAY NIGHT INTO SUNDAY FOR
FAVORED AREAS. WINDS ARE NOT VERY STRONG...SO SNOW SHOWERS MAY TRY
TO STAY CONFINED TOWARD THE SHORE INSTEAD OF SETTING UP OVER THE
HIGHER TERRAIN.

DESPITE THE ARRIVAL OF THE ARCTIC AIR...WINDS SHOULD NOT BE TOO
STRONG...LIMITING THE OVERALL IMPACT. TEMPS SATURDAY NIGHT SHOULD
FALL WELL BLO ZERO OVER THE EAST WITH DRAINAGE FLOW OFF ONTARIO.
OTHERWISE...NE FLOW AND WEALTH OF STRATUS OFF LK SUPERIOR BENEATH A
SUBSIDENCE INVERSION WILL RESTRICT TEMPS FM FALLING BLO ZERO.
STRATUS SHOULD STAY IN PLACE FOR MUCH OF SUNDAY...EXCEPT OVER THE
FAR EAST. HIGHS ON SUNDAY WILL STAY IN THE SINGLE DIGITS AND MAY
JUST STRUGGLE ABOVE ZERO IN THE FAR EAST CWA. ARRIVAL OF ANOTHER
SHORTWAVE FM THE NORTHWEST ACROSS THE PLAINS WILL BRING A SWATH OF
SNOW TO AS CLOSE AS NORTHERN WI LATE SATURDAY NIGHT. THAT SYSTEM
PHASES WITH ANOTHER MOVING OUT OF THE REMNANT OF CURRENT SOUTHWEST
CONUS LOW TO PROVIDE WIDESPREAD SNOW ON SUNDAY ALONG DEVELOPING SFC
LOW OVER MAINLY SOUTHERN PORTIONS OF WISCONSIN AND MICHIGAN. LOOKS
LIKE UPR MICHIGAN WILL MISS THIS STORM SYSTEM. EXPECT LINGERING
WEAKENING LES FOR SNOW BELTS TO EAST OF MARQUETTE AND POSSIBLY OVER
THE NORTHWEST CWA. LES WILL CONTINUE TO DRIFT MAINLY OFFSHORE ON
SUNDAY NIGHT AS WINDS IN BLYR SLOWLY BACK TO THE WEST ON EDGE OF
HIGH PRESSURE SINKING OVER THE MIDDLE MISSISSIPPI RIVER VALLEY.
CHILLY TEMPS FOR SUNDAY NIGHT WELL BLO ZERO...ESPECIALLY IN THE WEST
INTERIOR AND ALSO EAST CWA WITH CONTINUATION OF LOW-LEVEL FLOW OFF
ONTARIO. SINCE WINDS ARE LIGHT AND CALM...NO WIND CHILL ISSUES ARE
EXPECTED.

LES DRIFTS FARTHER EAST TO SNOW BELTS EAST OF MUNISING AND LIKELY
INCREASES ON THE KEWEENAW AS WINDS BECOME MORE CONVERGENT FM THE
WEST. SETUP THEN MAY BECOME FAVORABLE FOR MODERATE TO POSSIBLY HEAVY
LAKE ENHANCED SNOW FOR NORTHERN KEWEENAW LATE MONDAY INTO TUESDAY
MORNING AS WSW FLOW RESULTS IN STRONG CONVERGENCE BAND TO FORM WHILE
SHORTWAVE WITH ADDITIONAL MID-LEVEL LIFT AND MOISTURE SLIDES ACROSS.
SOUNDINGS INDCIATE THAT INVERSIONS REACH MORE TOWARD 8KFT WITH
INVERSION TOP TEMPS NEARING -24C. POTENTIAL FOR HEAVY SNOW WITH
RATES OVER 1 INCH PER HOUR WILL GREATLY DEPEND ON WHERE SHARPEST
CONVERGENCE ALLIGNS. TOUGH TO TELL THAT AT THIS POINT WHERE THAT
OCCURS...BUT WORTH AN HWO MENTION AS THIS TYPE OF LES PATTERN CAN
RESULT IN A LOT OF SNOW IN JUST A FEW HOURS.

ON INTO TUESDAY...LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM WILL BE ADVANCING ACROSS THE
NORTHERN PLAINS. AREA OF H7-H5 Q-VECTOR CONVERGENCE TO THE NORTH AND
EAST OF THE LOW AND AREA OF DIVERGENCE IN RIGHT ENTRANCE REGION OF
JET STREAK SLIDING OVER THE UPPER GREAT LAKES SHOULD SPREAD AN AREA
OF LGT SNOW WEST TO EAST ACROSS THE WESTERN GREAT LAKES. WENT WITH
LOW POPS AWAY FM LAKE EFFECT AREAS...ESPECIALLY AS THE ECMWF KEEPS
MOST WIDESRPEAD QPF SOUTH OF UPR MICHIGAN. LOW PRESSURE SYSTEM
SHOULD BE JUST EAST OF UPR MICHIGAN WEDNESDAY MORNING WITH STRONGER
COLD FRONT POISED TO SWEEP ACROSS. EXPECT NW FLOW LAKE EFFECT TO
RAMP UP WEDENSDAY AFTN AS NEW SURGE OF COLD AIR RETURN TO THE AREA.
ECMWF/GFS VARYING ON HOW COLD IT GETS AT H85. BLEND OF 12Z RUNS
SUGGEST H85 TEMPS END UP AROUND -27C/-17F WHICH WITH LAKE TEMPS IN
ICE FREE AREAS AROUND 2C/35F YIELDS PLENTY OF OVER-WATER
INSTABILITY. ALSO...COMPARED TO THE RECENT LAKE EFFECT EVENTS...THE
FORECAST SOUNDINGS INDICATE INVERSIONS MAY CLIMB TOWARD 8KFT. DUE TO
THE COLD AIR...SLR/S WILL BE LOWER...BUT WHATEVER LES OCCURS WILL BE
EFFICIENT AT REDUCING VSBY. SEEMS THAT SOME HAZARDS FOR THE SNOW AND
BLSN MAY BE NEEDED AND LOW VSBY AFFECT WOULD ONLY BE ENHANCED DUE TO
THE ICE COVER NEAR THE SHORELINE OF LK SUPERIOR. WILL MENTION THIS
IN THE HWO.

WILL BE AROUND WIND CHILL ADVISORY CRITERIA FOR AT LEAST WESTERN CWA
LATE WEDNESDAY NIGHT INTO THURSDAY MORNING AS TEMPS DROP TOWARD 10
BELOW AND WINDS ARE AT LEAST 5-10 MPH FM THE NW. ELSEWHERE...NW FLOW
OFF LK SUPERIOR WILL MODERATE TEMPS AND KEEP WIND CHILLS ABOVE 20
BELOW. LES DIMINISHES AND EVENTUALLY ENDS BY NEXT FRIDAY AS WINDS
BACK SW WITH HIGH PRESSURE DROPPING ACROSS THE CENTRAL PLAINS. COLD
FOR ALL ON FRIDAY MORNING WITH MOST AREAS BLO ZERO...BUT WINDS SHOULD
BE LIGHT ENOUGH TO RESTRICT WIND CHILL ISSUES AT THAT TIME.

&&

.AVIATION...(FOR THE 18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z SATURDAY AFTERNOON)
ISSUED AT 1249 PM EST FRI JAN 30 2015

WITH OFFSHORE WINDS...VFR CONDITIONS ARE EXPECTED AT IWD/SAW INTO
THIS EVENING. HOWEVER....LAKE EFFECT CLOUDS AND SNOW SHOWERS WILL
LINGER AT CMX THIS LATE AFTERNOON UNTIL WINDS BACK TO THE SW AND
INCREASE. A PERIOD OF IFR/MVFR VSBY WILL GIVE WAY TO VFR VSBY EVEN
AS THE MVFR CIGS PERSIST. A TROUGH OF LOW PRESSURE NEARING FROM THE W
THAT WILL BRING HIGH CLOUDS ACROSS THE REGION THIS AFTERNOON. THE
TROUGH OVER NW MN AT 00Z/SAT WILL AND CROSS CENTRAL LAKE SUPERIOR BY
12Z. LOOK FOR -SN TO MOVE IN DURING THE EVENING HOURS...AND PICK UP
IN INTENSITY ALONG AND BEHIND THE FRONT. LES AND GUSTY WINDS
PRODUCING BLSN AND LOWER VSBY IS EXPECTED AT CMX BY MID MORNING.
&&

.MARINE...(FOR THE 4 PM LAKE SUPERIOR FORECAST ISSUANCE)
ISSUED AT 424 PM EST FRI JAN 30 2015

BRIEF LULL IN STRONGER WINDS OVER LK SUPERIOR ATTM AS HIGH PRESSURE
DRIFTS ACROSS. STRONG COLD FRONT CROSSING ON SATURDAY WILL BRING IN
ANOTHER SURGE OF STRONG WINDS...POSSIBLY REACHING 35 KT GALES
SATURDAY AFTN INTO SATURDAY EVENING. LEFT THE GALE WATCH UP AS IT IS
ONLY A MARGINAL SETUP FOR GALES. MID SHIFT CAN MAKE THE FINAL CALL.
DID PUT UP HEAVY FREEZING SPRAY WARNING AS THAT IS MORE CERTAIN.
WINDS BECOME LIGHT BY SUNDAY AS HIGH PRESSURE DRIFTS ACROSS. WINDS
INCREASE FM THE WSW ON MONDAY NIGHT AHEAD OF ANOTHER LOW PRESSURE AND
COLD FRONT THAT SWEEP OVER THE AREA ON TUESDAY NIGHT AND WEDNESDAY.
BEHIND THAT FRONT...ANOTHER PERIOD OF GALES AND HEAVY FREEZING SPRAY
IS EXPECTED INTO THURSDAY.

&&

.MQT WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES...
UPPER MICHIGAN...
NONE.
LAKE SUPERIOR...
  HEAVY FREEZING SPRAY WARNING FROM NOON SATURDAY TO 5 AM EST
     SUNDAY FOR LSZ264-266-267.

  GALE WATCH FROM SATURDAY AFTERNOON THROUGH SATURDAY EVENING FOR
     LSZ264-266-267.

LAKE MICHIGAN...
NONE.
&&

$$

SHORT TERM...JLB
LONG TERM...JLA
AVIATION...JLB
MARINE...JLA